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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the basic human body components? |
cells tissues organs organ systems |
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what is the cell membrane composed of? |
bilayer of phospholipids and protein |
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what is cytoplasm? |
fluid that fills living cells |
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what are organelles? |
metabolically active components of a cell |
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What is the memory bank of the cell that houses DNA, RNA, and Chromatin? |
nucleus
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Do RBC's have a nucleus? |
no |
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What is in the nucleus? |
DNA RNA Chromatin Nucleoplasm Nucleolus |
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Where are DNA and RNA found? |
In all cells with a nucleus |
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What is the most numerous organelle? |
mitochondria |
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What is the power plant the cell that produces ATP? |
mitochondria |
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What are ribosomes? |
proteins |
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Inner network of parallel membrane-bound channels that is either rough or smooth
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endoplasmic reticulum |
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Modifies, stores, segregates, and transports proteins |
endoplasmic reticulum |
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what is the 2nd largest organelle? |
Golgi Complex |
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Concentration, modification,packaging of proteins in membrane to transport to cell surface |
Golgi Complex |
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Digests waste and foreign material from phagocytosis, and recycle usable materials |
lysosomes |
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what are the stages of cell division? |
Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase "Pass Me Another Tequila" |
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Connection between cellular to noncellular surface |
hemidesmosome |
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Junction between two like cells |
desmosomes ; i.e. one skin cell to one skin cell |
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What are the 4 basic tissue types? |
epithelium connective tissue muscle tissue nervous tissue |
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What are the functions of epithelium? |
protection absorption secretion |
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where can epithelial tissue be derived from? |
endoderm mesoderm ectoderm |
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Which layers of the epithelium are dividing rapidly? |
deeper layers; outer layers sluff off |
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Is epithelium vascularized? |
No; gets nutrients from underlying connective tissue |
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What separates epithelium from connective tissue? |
basement membrane |
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What are the classifications of epithelial tissue? |
Simple and Stratified -squamous -cuboidal -columnar |
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What is the most plentiful type of epithelium in the body? |
stratified squamous |
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What is keratin? |
tough, fibrous protein that is waterproof |
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What is the epithelial turnover in the buccal mucosa? Epidermis of skin? |
14 days; 27 days |
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What are the two layers of the basement membrane and where are they located? |
1. lamina lucida - clear next to epithelium 2. lamina densa - dense next to CT |
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What are the steps in the repair of injury to skin or oral mucosa? |
1. small injury into epithelium and connective tissue 2. blood clot forms 3. migrating epithelial cells form new surface layer 4. tissue remodeling forms scar tissue |
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What are scars formed by? |
connective tissuse |
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What is the most abundant type of tissue in the body? |
connective tissue |
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What type of connective tissue is not vascular? |
cartilage |
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What are the functions of connective tissue? |
Support Attachment Packing Insulation Storage Transport - blood Repair Defense |
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What is the most common connective tissue cell? |
fibroblast |
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what do fibroblasts do and where are they found? |
they synthesize fibers and intracellular substance; in connective tissue |
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what are some other cells found in connective tissue? |
monocytes, basophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils |
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what is the most common fiber in connective tissue? |
collagen |
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Does blood contain collagen fibers? |
no |
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What type of fibers is the soft palate made up of? |
elastin fibers; movable |
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What are the 2 layers of connective tissue proper of the skin? |
dermis hypodermis |
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What are the 2 layers of connective tissue of the oral mucosa? |
lamina propria, submucosa |
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what shows more scarring, the skin or oral mucosa? |
skin |
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why does the skin show more scarring than the oral mucosa? |
oral epithelium heals faster than skin |
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What is cartilage? |
connective tissue that is avascular, non-mineralized, flexible |
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If cartilage is injured, why is there no pain? |
no nerves |
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What is the most common type of cartilage? |
hyaline |
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All types of cartilage begin as what? |
hyaline cartilage |
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How is the repair of damage cartilage? |
slow |
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What is bone? |
rigid connective tissue that is vascular` |
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What is the alveolus made of? |
Compact bone layer with cancellousbone beneath |
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What is cancellous bone? |
deeper layer; Lighter, lattice configuration, matrix looking on xrays |
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What is the mature bone cell called? |
osteocyte |
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what is the main component of bone calcification? |
hydroxyapatite |
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What are lamellae? |
matrix that will become bone |
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What is ossification? |
bone development |
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The bone development thatreplaces cartilage is called what? |
endochondral |
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If a bone breaks and repairs itself, is it as strong as the original bone? |
yes |
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Which minerals are needed forbone development and repair |
Calcium, magnesium, potassium,and fluoride |
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What are osteoblast and osteoclasts? |
osteoclasts destroy bone cels, osteoblasts build bone cells |
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Bone loss from periodontitis is caused by what? |
infection |
