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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Microorganisms are the garbage "disposals" of th planet. Without them, plants would run out of nutrients, animals would run our of plants to eat. A few microbes produce disease.
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Relationship between bacteria and disease.
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Bacteria reproduce by mitosis (single cell division)
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Reproductive ability of microbes
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How do bacteria reproduce?
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By mitosis (single cell division)
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What are the 4 phases of bacterial reproduction?
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Lag phase, log phase, equilibrium and die off stage.
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When first locating in new environment. Not much reproduction
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Lag phase
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If resources will support growth-exponential growth phase
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Log phase
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Where resources expended, period of reproductive equlibrium
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Equilibrium Phase
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Used up most of food source, environment polluted with waste products, begin to die off
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Die Off Phase
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Bacteria found on skin. Pyogenic (pus producing). In skin infections like boils, pimples, ingron hairs. Enter through openings in skin. Susceptible to penicillin
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Staphylococcal Bacteria
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Initial Strep throat. Fever, malaise, red rash across chest that lasts 3 days. STRAWBERRY TONGUE. Highly contagios. Can cause severe nephritis.
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Scarlet Fever
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Initial Strep Throat. Flu like fever and malaise. Connective tissue inflammation and destruction-manifest as joint pain. Strep becomes a hapten and initiates an autoimmune reaction.
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Rheumatic Fever
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What is the most serious affect of Rheumatic Fever?
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Connective Tissue Damage
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What are some other effects of Rheumatic Fever?
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Valves are attacked and left scarred. No longer able to open and close properly.
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Improperly functioning valves create an unusual swirling as blood flows by. Strep bugs settle on the valves and cause further destruction.
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Bacterial Endocarditis
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What is the overall process of Bacterial Endocarditis and Rheumatic Fever called?
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Rheumatic Heart Disease
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What are the two categories that Bacterial Endocarditis can be divided into?
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Acute and Chronic (also called subacute)
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Fragile Parasite. Dies quickly outside the body. Transmitted to exposed mucous membranes during sexual activity. 2-3 days post exposure, get an acute, suppurative disease.
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Gonococcal Infection
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TRUE or FALSE
Gonococcal Infection is more subtle in females |
TRUE
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If Gonococcal Infection is left untreated what can happen in females?
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Further transmission and Fallopian tube scarring
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What is given for treatment on Gonococcal Infection?
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Penicillin
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TRUE or FALSE
Oral manifestations of Gonococcal Infection have become more common? |
TRUE
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Caused by spirochete Treponema Pallidum.Manifested in 3 phases.
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Syphilis
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What are the 3 phases of Syphilis?
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Primary, Secondary, & Tertiary
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What are the congenital manifestations of Syphilis?
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Stillborn fetuses, Saddle nose, Hutchinson's incisors, mulberry molars.
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Coppery brown chancre 2-4 weeks after exposure. Hard painless, lasts 2-6 weeks. Highly contagious.
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Primary phase of Syphilis
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1-4 months later. Skin rashes. Oral manifestations of red rashes and white "mucous patches".
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Secondary Phase of Syphilis
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Can see palatal perforation, aortic aneurysms, neurological problems, dementia.
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Tertiary Phase of Syphilis
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What is used to treat Syphilis?
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Penicillin
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Caused by a ver robust bug known as Mycobacterium Tuberulosis and is highly contageous. Very resistant to treatment. Spread by inhaling airborne droplets.
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Tuberulosis
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TRUE or FALSE
Airborne bacillus can remain suspended for hours and survive for years |
TRUE
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2-10 weeks post infection, immune response attempts to wall off infected area, this is infected but a non-disease state.
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The Latent TB infection
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TRUE or FALSE
Latent TB infection is not contagious and will not progress to disease state. |
TRUE
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TRUE or FALSE
90% of the cases are Latent TB infections |
TRUE
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What is the name of the test given to see if a patient is infected with Mycobacterium Tuberulosis?
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PPD (Purified Protien Derivative Test)
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What percent of people exposed to TB will actually develop the disease?
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Only 10%, 5% will develop within 1-2 years of infection and the other 5% later in life when their immune system has become surpressed
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These are syptoms of what:
persisten, productive cough, severe night sweats, weakness, sob, chest pains, weight loss. Wasting away=consumption. |
Symptoms of TB
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An anerobic bacteria, that does not live well in oxygen. Found where oxygen is depleted: ie rust and soil.
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Tetanus
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How is Tetanus bacterium transmitted?
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Animal waste, fecal-ora contamination.
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Once tetanus is imbedded in a puncture wound what happens?
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Bacteria grow and produce a powerful exotoxon.
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TRUE or FALSE
The Exotoxin produced by Tetanus is a POTENT motor nerve stimulator. If untreated convulsions (lock jaw) 10-14 days and death almost certain |
TRUE
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What is the window of incubation allowing for inoculation of antibodies-passive immunity?
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10-14 days
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Bacteria on posterior on third of tongue is main culprit of WHAT?
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Halatosis
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What exacerbates Halitosis?
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Xerostomia and poor oral hygiene.
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What is the treatment of Halitosis?
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Brushing and Scraping. Also Chlorhexadine brushed on tongue twice a day for a week.
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TRUE or FALSE
You CANNOT excede using Chlorhexadine on tongue more that a week, because you can get discoloration and change in taste sensation on the tongue. |
TRUE
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What are some LONG term Chlorine Dioxide drugs taht can be used?
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Enfresh or Closysll
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