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170 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A measure of the ability to carry out the basic tasks needed for self-care.
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ADLs (activities of daily living)
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The critical analysis and evaluation or judgment of a particular condition, situation, or other subject of appraisal.
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assessment
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The patient's concern as stated during the initial health preparation; may be the reason for seeking professional care; a complaint such as pain or discomfort may require emergency dental diagnosis.
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chief complaint
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Complete care; end point at which all treatment required at the time has been completed.
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definitive care
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To identify or recognize a disease or problem.
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diagnose
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A statement of the problem; a concise technical description of the cause, nature, or manifestations of a condition, situation, or problem.
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diagnosis
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A mnemonic that stands for Oral, Systemic, Capability, Autonomy, and Reality.
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OSCAR
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Prediction of outcome; a forecast of the probable course and outcome of a disease and the prospects of recovery as expected by the nature of the specific condition and the symptoms of the case.
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prognosis
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An attribute or exposure that increases the probability of disease, such as an aspect of personal behavior, environmental exposure, or an inherited characteristic associated with health-related conditions.
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risk factor
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What is the name for the patient's statement regarding the reason for seeking dental and dental hygiene care?
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chief complaint
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What can be noted that increase the patient's potential for diminshed oral health care?
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risk facto
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What are risk factors for peridontal infections or poor response to periodontal therapy?
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behavioral factors
tobacco use systemic conditions hormonal considerations nutritional status iatrogenic factors genetic factors |
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What are risk factors for periodontal disease for systemic conditions?
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infective endocarditis
cardiovascular disease diabetes mellitus respiratory disase adverse pregnancy outcomes |
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What are risk factors for dental caries?
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behavior factors
dietary factors low fluoride tooth morphology and position xerostomia personal and family history developmental factors genetic factors |
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What are risk factors for oral cancer?
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tobacco use
alcohol use sun exposure |
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The use of what together causes 90-95% of oral cancers?
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tobacco and alcohol use
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Planning for the number and length of appointments in a treatment sequence will be determined by the patient's whtat?
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periodontal diagnosis
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What ASA classification is without systemic disease; a normal, healthy patient with little or not dental anxiety?
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ASA I
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What ASA classification is mild systemic disease or extreme dental anxiet?
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ASA II
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What ASA classifciation is systemic disease that limits activity but is not incapacitating?
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ASA III
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What ASA classification is incapacitating disease that a constant threat to life?
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ASA IV
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What ASA classification is when the patient is moribund and not expected to survive?
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ASA V
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What isssue is related to the factors of concern dealling with teeth, restorations, protheses, periodontium, pupal status, oral mucosa, occlusion, saliva, tongue and alveolar bone?
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oral
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What issue is related to the factors of normative age changes, medical diagnoses, pharmacologic agents, and interdisciplinary communication?
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systemic
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What issue is related to the factors of concern dealing with functional ability, self-care, caregivers, oral hygiene, transportation to appointments, and mobility within the dental office?
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capability
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What issue is related to the factors of concern dealing with decision making ability, dependence on alternative or supplemental decision makers?
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autonomy
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What issue is related to the factors of concern dealing with priorization of oral health, financial ability or limitations, and significance of anticipated life span?
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reality
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What is the name for obtaining the chief complaint, identification or oral problem, and comprehensive personal/social, medical and dental health histories data?
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patient interview data
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What is the name for obtaining the vital signs, extraoral and intraoral tissue examination, and dental and periodontal charting data?
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physical assessment data
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What is the name for obtaining the needs that may be addressed by providing oral care services within the dental hygienists' legal scope of practice?
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treatment or education needs
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What is the name for obtaining that needs that may be addresses by consultation with another licensed healthcare professional?
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treatment needs
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What provide the basis for planning interventions that are within the scope of dental hygiene practice?
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diagnostic statements
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What means a look ahead to an anticipated outcome or end point?
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prognosis
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What is the clinical diagnosis name given for the therapeutic goal to establish gingival health through elimination of etiologic factors?
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biofilm-induced gingivitis
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What is the clinical diagnosis name give for the therapeutic goal to arrest progression of disease and prevent recurrence and to preserve health, comfort, and function?
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chronic periodontitis with slight to moderate loss of periodontal support
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What is the clinical diagnosis name given for the therapeutic goal to alter or eliminate microbial etiology and contributing risk factors and to arrest the progression of disease?
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chronic periodontitis with advanced loss of periodontal support
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What is the clinical diagnosis name given for the therapeutic goal to minimize the recurrence and progression of the disease and to reduce the incidence of tooth loss?
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periodontal maintenance
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what is the clinical diagnosis name given for the therapeutic goal to elimnate signs and symtptoms of the condition as soon as possible?
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acute periodontal diseases
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What prognosis is given when there is adequate control of etiologic factors, patient self-care ability, and periodontal support?
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good
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What prognosis is given when there is adequate control of etiologic factors, adequate patient self-care ability, less than 25% attachment loss, and Class I or less furcation?
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fair
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What is the name for obtaining that needs that may be addresses by consultation with another licensed healthcare professional?
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treatment needs
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What provide the basis for planning interventions that are within the scope of dental hygiene practice?
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diagnostic statements
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What means a look ahead to an anticipated outcome or end point?
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prognosis
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What is the clinical diagnosis name given for the therapeutic goal to establish gingival health through elimination of etiologic factors?
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biofilm-induced gingivitis
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What is the clinical diagnosis name give for the therapeutic goal to arrest progression of disease and prevent recurrence and to preserve health, comfort, and function?
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chronic periodontitis with slight to moderate loss of periodontal support
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What is the clinical diagnosis name given for the therapeutic goal to alter or eliminate microbial etiology and contributing risk factors and to arrest the progression of disease?
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chronic periodontitis with advanced loss of periodontal support
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What is the clinical diagnosis name given for the therapeutic goal to minimize the recurrence and progression of the disease and to reduce the incidence of tooth loss?
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periodontal maintenance
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what is the clinical diagnosis name given for the therapeutic goal to elimnate signs and symtptoms of the condition as soon as possible?
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acute periodontal diseases
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What prognosis is given when there is adequate control of etiologic factors, patient self-care ability, and periodontal support?
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good
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What prognosis is given when there is adequate control of etiologic factors, adequate patient self-care ability, less than 25% attachment loss, and Class I or less furcation?
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fair
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What prognosis is given when there is 50% attachment loss with Class II furcation and patient slelf-care is difficult due to location and depth of furcation?
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poor
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What prognosis is given when there is greater than 50% attachment loss, poor root form, inaccessible Class II furcation or Class lll furcation, greater thatn 2+ mobility, and significant root proximity?
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questionable
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What prognosis is given when there is inadequate attachment to maintain the tooth?
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hopeless
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What are anticipated outcomes of a tissue conditioning program?
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gingival healing
reduced bacterial accumulation learning by the patient |
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During what treamtment should periodic appointments with the dental hygienist are needed for monitoring the continued success of the patient's self care?
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restorative, prosthetic, or orthodontic
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Planning patient care while practicing with a dental assistant increase the dental hygienist's efficiency through the use of what?
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flexible scheduling
two treatment chairs in an overlapping time frame assistance with patient managment |
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Dental hygien interventions are planned using scientific evidence of what?
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efficacy and efficiency
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Voluntary agreement to an action proposed by another.
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consent
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A patient's voluntary agreement to a treatment plan after details of the proposed treatment have been presented and comprehended by the patient.
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informed consent
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A patient's decision to refuse recommended treatment after all options, potential risks, and potential benefits have been thoroughly explained.
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informed refusal
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To happen or take place between other events; to intervene, as with a specific treatment.
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intervention
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To arrange in order of importance.
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prioritize
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A continuous or related series of things following in a certain order or succession.
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sequence
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Sequential outline of the essential services and procedures that must be carried out by the dentist, the hygienist, and the patient to eliminate disease and restore the oral cavity to health and normal function.
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total treatment plan
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The services within the framework of the toal treatment plan to be carried out by the dental hygienist.
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dental hygiene care plan
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What are the parts of the periodontal care plan?
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periodontal/gingival health
dental caries control prevention |
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A plan for preventive care starts with the patient's what?
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daily bacterial control
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What phase of the treatment plan deals with assessment data collection and emergency care?
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preliminary phase
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What phase of the treatment plane deals with dental biofilm control, calculus removal, restorative caries control, etc.?
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phase I therapy
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What phase of the treatment plane deals with probing depths, clinical signs of inflammation, dental biofilm control, and patient's participation?
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outcomes evaluation of phase I
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What phase of the treatment plan deals with periodontal, endodontic, and implant placement?
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phase II surgical
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What phase of the treatment plan deals with final restorations and fixed/removeable prostheses?
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Phase III restorative
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What phase of the treatment plan deals with periodontal response to restorations/implants and other response to restorations?
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evaluation of overall outcomes
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What phase of the treatment plan deals with appointments for continuing care and supervision and refining biofilm control techniques?
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phase IV maintenance
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What section of the written care plan contains a thorough, summarized description of significant findings?
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assessment findings and risk factors
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What are measures to regenerate, restore, or maintain oral health?
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planned interventions
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What are factors affecting sequence of care
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urgency
existing etiologic factors severity and extent of condition individual patient requirements |
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What is a legal concept that can exist even without a written document?
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informed consent
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What type of consent is given either orally or in writing?
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expressed consent
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What type of consent is granted by the patient's presence in the dental chair?
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implied consent
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When giving implied consent, what does it only apply to?
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data collection procedures
data analysis treatment planning |
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Informed consent includes recommendations for what?
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referral to other healthcare providers as necessary
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What are the uses of a toothbrush?
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biofilm removal
application of treatment or preventive agents halitosis control sanitation of oral cavity |
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When and what was the first toothbrush made of?
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1728
hog's bristles |
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When did the American Academy of Periodontolgy define specifications of toothbrush desisn and brushing methods?
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1919
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What came into use in a toothbrush in 1938?
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nylon
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Lesion of the gingiva that reults from mechanical removal of the surface epithelium?
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abrasion (gingiva)
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Loss of tooth structure produced by a mechanical cause?
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abrasion (tooth)
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Individual short, stiff, natural hair of an animal; historically taken from hog or wild boar; now made of nylon.
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bristles
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Individual synthetic fiber; a single element of a tuft fixed into a toothbrush head.
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filament
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When giving implied consent, what does it only apply to?
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data collection procedures
data analysis treatment planning |
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Informed consent includes recommendations for what?
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referral to other healthcare providers as necessary
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What are the uses of a toothbrush?
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biofilm removal
application of treatment or preventive agents halitosis control sanitation of oral cavity |
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When and what was the first toothbrush made of?
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1728
hog's bristles |
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When did the American Academy of Periodontolgy define specifications of toothbrush desisn and brushing methods?
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1919
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What came into use in a toothbrush in 1938?
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nylon
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Lesion of the gingiva that reults from mechanical removal of the surface epithelium?
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abrasion (gingiva)
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Loss of tooth structure produced by a mechanical cause?
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abrasion (tooth)
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Individual short, stiff, natural hair of an animal; historically taken from hog or wild boar; now made of nylon.
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bristles
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Individual synthetic fiber; a single element of a tuft fixed into a toothbrush head.
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filament
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A method in which the end-round filament tips are directed into the gingival sulcus at approximately 45 degress.
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sulcular brushing
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A cluster of bristles of filaments secured togehter in one hole in the head of a toothbrush.
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tuft
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What are the parts of the toothbrush?
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head
shank handle |
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What are the types of toothbrushes?
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flat
rippled dome multilevel angled bilevel orthodontic |
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What are the factors influencing stiffness of bristles?
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diameter
length # of filaments in a tuft angle of filaments |
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What are the influencing factors of tooth brush position?
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patient
gingiva position of teeth shape of teeth & exposed roots |
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What factors influence the patients selection of a toothrush?
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ability of patient to use brush
manual dexterity age of patient |
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What brushing method is an effective method for dental biofilm removal adjacent to and directly beneath the gingival margin?
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bass method
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What toothbrushing method is ciruclar?
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bass method
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What angle shoule the toothbrush be to the long axis of the tooth with the Bass method?
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45*
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What toothbrush method is good for cleaning gingiva and removing biofilm, materia alba, and food debris from the teeth withouth emphasis on gingival sulcus?
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roll or rolling stroke method
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What toothbrushing method's purpose was designed for massage and stimulation as well as for cleaning the cervical areas?
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stillman method
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What toothbrushing method incorporates a rolling stroke after the vibratory phase, frequently is used? This minimizes the possibility of gingival trauma and increase the biofilm removal effects.
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Modified stillman method
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What toothbrushing method is towards the crown?
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charters method
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What historical toothbrushing method is big circles (circular)?
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fones method
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What historical toothbrushing method is vertical?
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leonard method
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What historical toothbrushing method is physiologic?
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smith's method
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What toothbrushing methods are considered detrimental?
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horizontal
scrub-brush |
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What detrimental toothbrushing method has horizontal scrubbing motion that bears pressure on teeth that are most facially inclined?
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horizontal
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What detrimental toothbrushing method consists of vigorously combined horizontal, vertical, and circular strokes, with some vibraotory motion for certain areas?
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scrub-brush
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What toothbrushing method is an easy-to-learn first technique for children?
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fones
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What are more effective, power toothbrush or manual toothbrush?
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power toothbrush
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What kind of patients would power toothbrushes be good for?
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bad brushers
ortho patient complex restorative and prosthodontic treatment dental implants aggressisve brushers disabilities or limited dexterity unable to brush |
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What motion of a power tooth brush moves in a 360* circular motion?
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rotational
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What motion of a power toothbrush has each tuft of filaments moving in a rotational motion; each tuft moves counter-directional to the adjacent tuft?
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couter-rotational
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What motion of a power toothbrush rotates from center to the left then to the right; degree of rotation varies from 25-55 degrees?
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oscillating
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What motion of a power toothbrush has pulsations toward the interproximal when the head is on the tooth?
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pulsating
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What motion of a power toothbrush is side to side with an arc?
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cradle or twist
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What motion of a power toothbrush is side-to side perpendicular to the long axis of the brush handle?
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side-to-side
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What motion of a power toothbrush is up-and-down parallel to the long axis of the brush handle?
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translating
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What motion of a power toothbrush is a combination of simultaneous yet different typ of movement?
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combination
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Where can tooth brush abrasion occur where attached gingiva may be minimal?
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facially displaced teeth
especially canines and premolars |
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What teeth are commonly missed by a right handed brusher?
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right canine and lateral incisor
both maxillary and mandibular |
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What are the effects of cleaning the tongue?
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reduce # of microorganisms
reduce potential for halitosis contributes to overall cleanliness |
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How shoule the handle of the toothbrush be positioned for occlusal brushing?
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parallel
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What are anatomic features of tongue conducive to debris retention?
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surface papillae
fissured tongue |
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What condition should you instruct the patient to brush all areas of the mouth that are not infected, rinse with warm water, mild saline solution, and resume regular biofilm control measures on the affected area as soon as possible?
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acute oral inflammatory or traumatic lesions
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What special condition shoud you instruct the patient to brush the occlusal surface of the teeth, avoid direct contact, vigorous brushing to prevent displacement of dressing?
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following peridontal surgery
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What special condition should you instruct the patient to use a soft brush with careful brush placement to avoid trauma?
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NUG
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What is the most common cause of dental abrasion?
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incorrect toothbrushing with an abrasive dentrifice
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When should you replace your toothbrush?
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every 2-3 months
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Where should toothbrushes be stored?
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open air with head in upright position
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The derpression in the gingival tissue under a contact area between the lingual papilla and the facial papilla.
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col
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V-shaped spillway space next to the contact area of adjecent teeth, narrowest at the contact and widening toward the facial, lingual, and occlusal contacts.
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embrasure
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A celft in the gingival margin usually at a mesial or distal line angle of a tooth where dental floss was repeatedly applied incorrectly.
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floss cleft
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Unintentional incision at the gingival margin due to incorrect positiong and placement of dental floss.
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floss cut
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The triangular region bounded by the proximal surfaces of contacting teeth and the alveolar bone between the teeth, which forms the base of the triangle.
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interproximal space
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Outer, protective surface of stratified squamous epithelium; covers the masicatory mucosa.
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keratinized epithelium
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Another name for an interdental brush.
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proxabrush
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What type of embrasure has the interdental papilla fill the gingval embrasure?
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type l
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What type of embrausre has slight to moderate recession of the interdental papilla?
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type II
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What type of embrasure has extensive recession or complete loss of the interdental papilla?
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type III
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What type of epithelium covers the col?
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thin and non keratinized
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Why is the col protected and less resistant to infection?
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it's not keratinized
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Where does most gingival disease begin?
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col area
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Where is the incidence of gingivitis greatest?
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interdental tissues
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What was floss historically made of?
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silk
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What material has been widely used in circular or flat from for biofilm removal?
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nylon
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What type of material is used for proximal tooth suface biofilm removal?
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expanded PTFE
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What type of wax resists breakage or shredding when passed over irregular tooth surface, restorations, or calculus deposit?
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waxed or expanded PTFE
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What gives strength and durability during application; shredding or breakage is rare?
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wax
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What spreads the nylon fibers and gives a wider surface for biofilm removal when using unwased floss?
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pressure against the tooth
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How long should the floos be?
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12-15 inches
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Where do floss cuts and clefts primarily occur?
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facial and lingual surfaces directly beside or in the middle of an interdental papilla
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What are the causes of floss cuts and clefts?
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too long of floss
snapping floss through contact not curving around teeth not using a rest |
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What type of floss should be used for biofilm removal from tooth surfaces adjacent to wide embrasure where interdental papilla has been lost and under pontics and mesial and distal abutments?
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tufted dental floss
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What type of floss shooud be used for tooth surfaces adjacent to wide proximal spaces where dental floss is too narrow?
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knitting yarn
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What type of floss should be used for proximal surfaces or widely spaced teeth, surfaces next to edentulous areas, areas under posterior cantilevered section of a fixed appliance?
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gauze strip
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What should be used for concave proximal surfaces where dental floss and other interdental aids cannot reach?
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interdental brushes
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What type of aid can be used with a patient with periodontitis?
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toothpick in holder
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