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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Rickets
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Impaired calcium reabsorption due to vitamin D deficiencyshort, bowed limbs
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2. Achondroplasia
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Premature closure of epiphyseal platesshort stature (autosomal dominant disorder)
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3. Brachydactyly
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Short digits due to short phalanges
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4. Syndactyly
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Fusion of digits (more common in lower limb)
- Failure of digital rays to separate - May be cutaneous (most common limb abnormality) or bony |
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5. Polydactyly
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- extra digit(supernumary digits) with incomplete musculature
- apical ectodermal ridge divides into extra digital ray |
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6. Ectrodactyly
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- RARE- referred to as lobster claw or CLEFT hand/foot
- Absence of central digit(s) b/c of failure of digital ray development - Usually a syndactyly of remaining digits |
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7. Amelia
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- Absence of limb or limbs
- Caused by: ischemia of developing limb, genetic factors, exposure to causative agent during critical period (Thalidomide) |
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8. Meromelia
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- Absence of part of a developing limb(s)
- Caused by: ischemia of developing limb, genetic factors, exposure to a causative agent during critical period (Thalidomide… was given to pregnant women in the 50’s for morning sickness) |
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9. Poland Syndrome
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- Absence of pectoralis major, sydndactyly, shortened upper limbs/digits, and nipple aplasia or hypoplasia
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10. Talipes (Congenitally deformed foot)
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Talipes Equinovarus=most common
- foot inverted and turned medially |
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1. Craniosynostosis
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- Premature closure of cranial sutures
- Apical shape of skull (can do surgery in the first 6 mo to fix) |
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2. Trigonocephaly
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- Premature closures of metopic suture
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3. Scaphocephaly
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- Early closure of saggital suture
- Wedge-shaped skull (ridge down the middle) |
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4. Microcephaly
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- Born with normal size skull
- failure of brain to grow Early closure of sutures and fontalles - Result= small skull |
