Devices, Osi And Tcp/ip Protocols

Front 1

Connects devices on an Ethernet twisted-pair network

Back 1

Hub

Hint 1

does not perform any tasks besides signal regeneration. It simply forwards data to all nodes connected to it.

Front 2

Connects devices on a twisted-pair network

Back 2

Switch

Hint 2

forwards data to its destination by using the MAC address embedded in each packet. It only forwards data to nodes that need to receive it.

Front 3

Connects networks

Back 3

Router

Hint 3

uses the software-configured network address to make forwarding decisions.

Front 4

Provides serial communication capabilities across phone lines

Back 4

Modem

Hint 4

modulate the digital signal into analog at the sending end and perform the reverse function at the receiving end.

Front 5

Provides controlled data access between networks

Back 5

Firewall

Hint 5

can be hardware or software based. They are an essential part of a network’s security strategy.

Front 6

Functions as a switch or router

Back 6

Multilayer switch

Hint 6

Operates on Layers 2 and 3 of the OSI model as a switch and can perform router functionality.

Front 7

Forwards data by application

Back 7

Content switch

Hint 7

Content switches can identify and forward data by its port and application.

Front 8

Distributes network load

Back 8

Loadbalancer

Hint 8

increases redundancy and performance by distributing the load to multiple servers.

Front 9

Application (Layer 7)

Back 9

Provides access to the network for applications and certain end-user functions. Displays incoming information and prepares outgoing information for network access.

Front 10

Presentation (Layer 6)

Back 10

Converts data from the application layer into a format that can be sent over the network. Converts data from the session layer into a format that the application layer can understand. Encrypts and decrypts data. Provides compression and decompression functionality.

Front 11

Session (Layer 5)

Back 11

Synchronizes the data exchange between applications on separate devices. Handles error detection and notification to the peer layer on the other device.

Front 12

Transport (Layer 4)

Back 12

Establishes, maintains, and breaks connections between two devices. Determines the ordering and priorities of data. Performs error checking and verification and handles retransmissions if necessary.

Front 13

Network (Layer 3)

Back 13

Provides mechanisms for the routing of data between devices across single or multiple network segments. Handles the discovery of destination systems and addressing.

Front 14

Data link (Layer 2)

Back 14

Has two distinct sublayers: link layer control (LLC) and media access control (MAC). Performs error detection and handling for the transmitted signals. Defines the method by which the medium is accessed. Defines hardware addressing through the MAC sublayer.

Front 15

Physical (Layer 1)

Back 15

Defines the network’s physical structure. Defines voltage/signal rates and the physical connection methods. Defines the physical topology

Front 16

A connectionless protocol used to move data around a network

Back 16

IP, Internet Protocol

Front 17

A connection-oriented protocol that offers flow control, sequencing, and retransmission of dropped packets.

Back 17

TCP, Transmission Control Protocol

Front 18

A connectionless alternative to TCP used for applications that do not require the functions offered by TCP.

Back 18

UDP, User Datagram Protocol

Front 19

A protocol for uploading and downloading files to and from a remote host. Also accommodates basic file-management tasks

Back 19

FTP, File Transfer Protocol

Front 20

A protocol for securely uploading and downloading files to and from a remote host. Based on SSH security.

Back 20

SFTP, Secure File Transfer Protocol

Front 21

A file transfer protocol that does not have the security or error checking of FTP. TFTP uses UDP as a transport protocol and therefore is connectionless.

Back 21

TFTP, Trivial File Transfer Protocol

Front 22

A mechanism for transporting email across networks.

Back 22

SMTP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Front 23

A protocol for retrieving files from a web server.

Back 23

HTTP, Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Front 24

A secure protocol for retrieving files from a web server.

Back 24

HTTPS, Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

Front 25

Used to retrieve email from the server on which it is stored. Can only be used to retrieve mail. IMAP and POP cannot be used to send mail.

Back 25

POP3/IMAP4, Post Office Protocol version 3/ Internet Message Access Protocol version 4

Front 26

Allows sessions to be opened on a remote host.

Back 26

Telnet

Front 27

Allows secure sessions to be opened on a remote host.

Back 27

SSH, Secure Shell

Front 28

Used on IP-based networks for error reporting, flow control, and route testing.

Back 28

ICMP, Internet Control Message Protocol

Front 29

Resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses to enable communication between devices

Back 29

ARP, Address Resolution Protocol

Front 30

Resolves MAC addresses to IP addresses

Back 30

RARP, Reverse Address Resolution Protocol

Front 31

Used to communicate time synchronization information between devices.

Back 31

NTP, Network Time Protocol

Front 32

Facilitates the access and downloading of messages from newsgroup servers.

Back 32

NNTP, Network News Transfer Protocol

Front 33

Allows files to be copied securely between two systems. Uses Secure Shell (SSH) technology to provide encryption services

Back 33

SCP, Secure Copy Protocol

Front 34

A protocol used to access and query directory services systems such as Microsoft Active Directory.

Back 34

LDAP, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

Front 35

Provides a mechanism for systems within the same multicast group to register and communicate with each other.

Back 35

IGMP, Internet Group Management Protocol

Front 36

Resolves hostnames to IP addresses

Back 36

DNS, Domain Name System/Service

Front 37

Automatically assigns TCP/IP information

Back 37

DHCP, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

Front 38

Used in network management systems to monitor network-attached devices for conditions that may need attention from an administrator.

Back 38

SNMP, Simple Network Management Protocol

Front 39

A security protocol designed to ensure privacy between communicating client/server applications.

Back 39

TLS, Transport Layer Security

Front 40

SIP is an application-layer protocol designed to establish and maintain multimedia sessions such as Internet telephony calls.

Back 40

SIP, Session Initiation Protocol

Front 41

The Internet-standard protocol for the transport of real-time data.

Back 41

RTP, Real-time Transport Protocol