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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three main points on developmental variants?
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Numerous adult variants/few developmental
Usually occur in early stages Can be mistaken for pathology |
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There are many secondary sites of ossification, In order what are the dates of secondary site formation?
Tibia Fibula Phalange bases 1st Met base Lesser Met heads Calcaneus Talus (posterior) 5th met base |
Tibia- 3 mo
Fibula- 6 mo Base of phalanges- 6mo-3yr Base of 1st Met- 1yr heads of lesser mets- 2 yrs Calcaneus- 5yrs Post talus- 8 yrs 5th met base 9-11 yrs (TFP1LCT5) |
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What is the order of primary ossification centers?
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CaT CuLMINS
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Apophysis
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Outgrowth or swelling of bone such as a tuberosity
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Epiphysis
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part of bone that develops seperately and then ankyloses
common in tubular bones, and radical bones, and gnarly bones, and bodacious bones. |
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What are the types and categories of multiple ossification center developmental variants?
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Primary and secondary (epiphysis)
generally asymptomatic Fall into categories of Osteochondroses |
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What are the three categories of osteochondroses?
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Normal variations
true osteonecrosis Growth disturbance devoid of necrosis |
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What are the major observations with multiple primary developmental variants?
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Midtarsus is most effected
-medial cuneiform -navicular (not kohler's) -Calcaneus (rare) -bifid -Ant/Post segmented -Talus= uber rare |
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what are multiple primary ossification sites that persist into adulthood?
What are the major sites? |
bipartitions
Sesamoids most common (can get MedCun, Talus, Nav bipartitions, Rare) |
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What are the major sites for Multiple secondary ossification centers in normal developmental variation?
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Most evident in calcaneus and metatarsals but can be found in 5th met tuberosity, Hallux base, and distal tibia.
They have a characteristic coalition in the center |
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What are the characteristics for hallux phalangeal epiphysis multiple secondary developmental variation?
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Bipartate base epiphysis
Off-center and looks like a fracture Can become os interphalangeus |
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What are the characteristics for calcaneal epiphysis multiple secondary developmental variation?
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has an irregular shape
Mimics fracture or osteochondroses Ossifies in posteroinferior and extends inferior then superior to bursal projection. Can become Os subcalcis |
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What is a pseudoepiphysis?
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Secondary ossification centers that may appear at additional locations
May not be an epiphysis Common at head of 1st met and Bases of 2,3,4 |
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Psuedoepiphysis vs supernumerary epiphysis
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Pseudo has a bony bridge across the "epiphysis"
Supernumerary most certainly does not. Could be simple representations of the same entity at different stages (coalescence of primary and secondary) |
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Where can we find Accessory epiphyses? What are they if they persist to adult?
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Distal Tibia/Fibula
Os subtibiale Os Subfibulare |
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Where dow we usually find absent primary ossification centers?
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tarsal or metatarsals
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Where deo we usually find absent secondary ossification centers?
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Usually lesser toes
Middle/Distal Palangeal base epiphyses |
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When do accessory ossicles usually appear?
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Usually appear later in development
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Os subcalcis?
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Super rare accessory ossicle
Seen in a child as a large separate ossification center at the lateral tuberosity |
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When are tarsal coalitions usually seen?
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in 2nd decade
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What are the major tarsal coalitions we could see as normal variants of development?
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talocalcaneal TC
-has "C" sign w/ talar breaking Talonavicular TN CalcaneoNavicular CN -Anteaters sign |
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What is a phalangeal cleft?
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Variant of form that looks like a supernumerary epiphysis
-partial notch -transverse or oblique -hallux- proximal -lesser toe- middle and proximal |
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What is Bracket or Delta Phalanx variant of form?
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Longitudinal epiphyses in triangular bone ussually associated with polydactyly and hallux varus congenitus.
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What are the five variants of form of the phalanges listed in the Dev. Radiology lecture?
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Clefts
Triangle/bell shaped bones Brackets/ Delta phalanx Spurring Circular lucencies |
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What are the three variants of form of the metatarsals listed in Dev. Radiology Lecture?
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Hypertrophy at bases
Irregularities at bases Irregularities at head of 1st met in conjunction w/ supernumerary epiphysis |
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What are the four variants of form of the tarsal bones listed in the Dev. Radiology lecture?
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Jagged calcaneus
Reverse Calc Spur Hole in neutral triangle Tibial epiphyses can be wider anterior and medial and have lucent defect on lateral margin. |
