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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Scientific study of processes of change and stability throughout the human life span.
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Human Development
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Concept of development as a lifelong process, which can be studied scientifically
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Life-span Development
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Change in number of amount, such as in height, weight, or size of vocabulary
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Quantitative Change
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Change in kind, structure, or organization, such as the change from nonverbal to verbal communication
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Qualitative Change
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Growth of body and brain and change or stability in sensory capacities, motor skills, and health
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Physical Development
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Change or stability in mental abilities, such as learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity.
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Cognitive Development
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Change and stability in emotions, personality, and social relationships
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Psychosocial Development
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Cocept about the nature of reality, based on societally shared perceptions or assumptions
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Social Construction
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Differences in characteristics, influences, or developmental outcomes
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Individual Indifferences
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Inborn characteristics inherited from the biological parents at conception
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Heredity
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Totality of nonhereditary, or experiential influences on development
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Environment
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Unfolding of a natural sequence of physical and behavioral changes, including readiness to master new abilities
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Maturation
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Kinship and household unit made up of one or two parents and their natural, adopted, or stepchildren
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Nuclear Family
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Kinship network of parents, children, and other relatives, sometimes living toether in an extended-family household
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Extended Family
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Combination of economic and social factors describing an individual or family, including income, education, and occupation
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Socioeconomic Status (SES)
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Conditions that increase the likelihood of a negative developmental outcome
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Risk Factors
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A society's or group's total way of life, including customs, traditions, beliefs, values, language, and physical products -- all learned behavior passed on from parents to children
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Culture
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Group united by ancestry, race, religion, language, and/or national origins, which contribute to a sense of shared identity
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Ethnic Group
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Characteristic of an event that occurs in a similar way for most people in a group
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Normative
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Group of people growing up at about the same time
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Cohort
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Characteristic of an unusual event that happens to a particular person, or a typical event that happens at an unusual time of life
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Non-normative
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Instinctive form of learning in whic, during a critical period in early development, a young animal forms an attachment to the first moving object it sees, usually the mother
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Imprinting
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Specific time when a given event, or its absence, has a specific impact on development
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Criticial Period
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Times in development when a person is particularly responsive to certain kinds of experiences
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Sensitive Periods
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Four goals of the scientific study of human development
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Describe, explain, predict and modify
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Area of developmental scientists' study
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Developmental change (quantitative and qualitative), stability of personality and behavior
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Eight periods of human development and their age groups
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Prenatal (conception to birth), infancy and toddlerhood (birth to 3), early childhood (3 to 6), middle childhood (6-11), adolescence (11-20), young adulthood (20-40), middle adulthood (40-65), late adulthood (65 and over)
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Three major domains of human development
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Physical, cognitive, and psychosocial
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Influences that makes people different from others
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Heredity, environment, maturation, individual changes as age increases
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Most powerful neighborhood influences
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Neighborhood income and human capital
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Six principles of Baltes's life-span development approach
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1. Development is lifelong
2. Development involves both gain and loss 3. relative influences of biology & culture shift over the life span 4. Development involves a changing allocation of resources 5. Development is modifiable 6. Devleopment is influenced by the historical and cultural context |
