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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the heretability of intelligence? of personality?
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.50 for both
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can effects of PKU be reversed?
what is heretibility of PKU? if parents both carry recessive trait what is the heretibility? |
yes with strict diet
50% 25% |
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what is the likelihood of transmission of huntington's disorder?
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50%
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4 types of chormosomal disorders are?
which one only affects males? |
-klinefelter's
-turner's -down syndrome -fragile X -klinefelter's |
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name the 6 infant reflexes
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-tonic
-palmar -sucking -walking -babinski -moro |
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define the babinski, moro, & tonic reflexes
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-babinski- infant spreads toes
-moro- infant grabs for support -tonic- extend arm when head turned |
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what decrease the effects of stress during pregnancy?
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social supports for the mother
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what is the range of reaction?
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genotype/heredity sets the limits
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what did piaget mean by adaptation?
what are two aspects of it? |
-schema building
-assimilation -fit into preexisting schema -accommodation -form new schema |
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what are the 4 stages of piaget's cognitive development theory?
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sensorimotor
preoperational concrete operational formal operational |
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what happens in each of piaget's cognitive stages?
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-sensorimotor- object permanence
-preoperational- egocentricism, magical thinking, & animism -concrete operational- conservation -formal operational- imaginary audience, idealistic, & personal fable |
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vygotsky's important concept was..
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zone of proximal development
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Piaget's moral development theory 2 stages are:
Define each... |
-heteronomous- strict adherence to the rules
-autonomous- flexible, rules can be altered if everyone agrees |
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Kohlberg's 3 phases of moral development are:
Define each... |
-preconventional- focus on physical rewards
-conventional- focus on social rewards -postconventional- focus on self chosen principles |
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who argued kohlberg's theory was sexist?
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carol gilligan
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how many cries do babies have?
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4
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in early development how do all babies sound?
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alike, despite language parent speaks
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bowlby states attachment occurs due to what 2 things...
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biological preparation & proper environment
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when do the following begin and peak: separation anxiety, stranger anxiety
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-separation anxiety- 8months peaks @ 18months
-stranger anxiety- 6-8months peaks @ 18months |
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anaclytic depression often occurs in...
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institionalized babies
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the 4 patterns of attachment are:
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avoidant, secure, resistant, disorganized
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which attachment pattern is best?
which attachment pattern is indicative of abuse? |
secure
disorganized |
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Baumrind stated which parenting style is best?
Baumrind stated which parenting style is associated w/delinquency? |
authoritative
uninvolved |
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Thomas & Chess talked about goodness of fit between...
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parenting style and baby temperament
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what 4 factors are correlated w/delinquency?
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weak supervision, lack of parental rules, erratic discipline, impaired parent-child relationship
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who has more difficulties neglected or rejected kids?
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rejected
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is adolescence a period of storm & stress?
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not necessarily
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marcia's 4 stages of identity are:
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diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, achievement
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aggressive kids tend to lack... and are best reated with...
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-empathy
-social skills training |
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birth order has an the effect of ____ intelligence as # of children ____
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decreasing
increase |
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quality daycare...
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has no adverse impact
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divorce cause problems if...
how are boys are affected? how are girls are affected? what happens to parents during divorce? what can reduce impact of divorce? |
-open parent conflict
-outwardly -later on (sleeper effect) -diminished ability to parent -another adult present in home (buffering effect) |
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maternal employment leads to...
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kids w/more egalitarian beliefs
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violent tv watching leads to...
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increased tolerance to aggression
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the classic aging pattern of intelligence is...
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CM,IN,AR,VC -no decline
DS,SM -small decline BD,CD,PA,PC -large decline |
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Kubler-Ross states the stages of death are: (DABDA)
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denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
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age most anxious about death...
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middle aged
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difference between critical and sensitive period...
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-critical occurs during limited time span but requires certain environmental factors to exist
-sensitive has an optimal time but can happen @ other times |
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cocaine associated with what 3 features in babies?
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-environmental sensitivity
-crawl/walk early -low birth weight |
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are the symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) reversible or irreversible?
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irreversible
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what is the leading cause of MR in the US?
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FAS
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how long does brain development continue?
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until adolescence
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in the 1st week of life, baby smiling is associated with?
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REM sleep
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baby 1st words are...
give example... |
objects of significance like nouns
mama or dada |
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bilingual children do better on what type of tests?
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cognitive flexibility
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is it better to be in a biligual program or english only program?
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quality bilingual programs are just as good
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what are the 3 typical baby responses to prolonged separation?
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protest, despair, and initial detachment
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when do children conform the most?
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age 12-14
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when do kids first lie?
why? |
age 3-4
to avoid punishment/ embarassment |
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Kochanska states a conscience develops based upon...
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a child's temperament
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when do boys grow to be faster and stronger than girls?
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adolescence
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who has the worst outcomes as a result of development?
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early blooming girls,
late blooming boys |
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do child fears remain the same?
when do they decrease? |
no they vary w/development
> age 5 |
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patterson's coercive family interaction model states...
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kids learn to be aggressive by imitation
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which age is at the highest risk for not following treatment regimen?
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adolescents
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3 most common drug uses in teens are:
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alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana
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aging affects ___ or ___ but doesn't affect ___ or ___
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PIQ or fluid intelligence -
VIQ or crystallized intelligence |
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aging causes decrease in which 2 types of memory?
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episodic, metamemory
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When is Female Orgasmic Disorder most common?
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younger women
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children begin to label themselves ethnically at what age?
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5-9 years old
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are premature babies different from their peers?
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no... with a supportive environment & appropriate medical attention premature infants without significant abnormalities often catch up with their peers
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what is recall like in infants?
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-immediate recall by 11 months
-delayed recall by 13 months |
