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Development of World Lit

Development Of World Lit

by pataynapataysakisay, Mar. 2019

Subjects: 21st Lit

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130 Cards in this Set

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	Earliest written documents were created in	Middle East Invention of Writing and Earliest Literature [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Oldest writing	Pictograph Invention of Writing and Earliest Literature [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Were inverted to record more complicated information than pictograph	Hieroglyphic and Cuneiform Scripts Invention of Writing and Earliest Literature [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The first great heroic narrative of world literature	Gilgamesh Invention of Writing and Earliest Literature [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Nearly vanished from memory when it was not translated from cuneiform languages into the new alphabets that replaced them	Gilgamesh Invention of Writing and Earliest Literature [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Developed a consonantal script that ushered new form of writing that could be composed without special artistic skills and read without advanced training	Hebrews Invention of Writing and Earliest Literature [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Upon their return to Palestine, Hebrews rebuilt	Torah Invention of Writing and Earliest Literature [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The first five books of the Bible	Pentateuch Invention of Writing and Earliest Literature [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The sole resistance to the Hebrew God	Satan Invention of Writing and Earliest Literature [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Term for ancient Greeks	Hellenes Ancient Greece [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The language of Hellenes belongs to	Indo-European family Ancient Greece [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Played a role in the development of Greek civilization that is equivalent to the role that the Torah had played in Palestine	Iliad and Odyssey Ancient Greece [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Proposed a method of teaching that was dialectic rather than didactic	Socrates Ancient Greece [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	His means of approaching "truth" through questions and answers revolutionized Greek philosophy	Socrates Ancient Greece [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The basis for these novels was an immense poetic reserve created by generations of singers who lived before Homer	Iliad and Odyssey Ancient Greece [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Don't offer easy answers; questions about the nature of aggression and violence are left unanswered, and questions about human suffering and the waste generated by war are left unresolved	Iliad and Odyssey Ancient Greece [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The god of wine and mystic ecstasy	Dionysus Ancient Greece [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Greek comedy and tragedy developed out of choral performances in celebration of	Dionysus Ancient Greece [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Chinese civilization first developed in the	Yellow River Basin Poetry and Thought in China [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	A lyric poetry collection that stands at the beginning of the Chinese literary tradition	The Classic of Poetry Poetry and Thought in China [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The fusion of ethical thought and idealized Chou traditions associated with Confucius were recorded in the	Analects Poetry and Thought in China [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Offers philosophical meditations in a multitude of forms, ranging from jokes and parables to intricate philosophical arguments	Chuang Tzu Poetry and Thought in China [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Chronicles the lives of ruling families and dynasties in a comprehensive history of China up to the time of Emperor Wu's reign	Historical Records Poetry and Thought in China [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Produced the Historical Records	Ssu-ma Ch'ien Poetry and Thought in China [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	When was the Historical Records produce	Period of the Warring States Poetry and Thought in China [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The end of ancient China is often linked with the rise of the draconian ruler	Ch'in Shih-huang Poetry and Thought in China [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The primary scriptures of Hinduism and consist of four books of sacred hymns that are typically chanted by priests at ceremonies marking rites of passage	The Vedas India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Argue that the soul is a manifestation of a single divine essence; release comes from understanding the basic unity between the self and the universe	The Upanisads India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Two epics that express the core values of Hinduism	Ramayana and Mahabharata India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The guiding principle of human conduct and preserves the social, moral, and cosmic integrity of the universe	Dharma India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Three spheres that collectively govern an ideal life	artha kama moksa India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	wealth, profit, and political power	Artha India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	love, sensuality	kama India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	release, liberation	Moksa India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The belief that all beings are responsible for their own actions and their own suffering is known as	Karma India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Because it was a more egalitarian and populist religion, it initially gained a following among women, artisans, merchants, and individuals to whom the ritualistic and hierarchical nature of Hinduism seemed constraining	Buddhism India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Because this religion and its important texts such as the Bhagavad-Gita were able to synthesize tenets and ideas from the other religions, it was able to triumph in India	Hinduism India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The idea that moral and spiritual conquest is superior to conquest by the sword is an enduring motif of the time and one that was publicly endorsed by	Emperor Asoka India’s Heroic Age [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	After the fall of the Roman empire, the concept of a world-state was appropriated by the ______________________, which ruled from the same center, Rome, and laid claim to a spiritual authority as great as the secular authority it succeeded	Medieval Church The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Literature in Latin began with a translation of the Greek	Odyssey The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The lyric poems that __________ wrote about his love affair with the married woman he called _________ range in tone from passionate to despairing to almost obscene	Catullus, Lesbia The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Combines the themes of the Homeric epics: the wanderer in search of a home from the Iliad, and the hero at war from the Odyssey	Aenid The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Left Aenid unfinished at the time of his death	Virgil The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	His extraordinary subtlety and psychological depth make his poetry second only to Virgil's for its influence on Western poets and writers of the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and beyond	Ovid The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	A satirical work about the pragmatism and materialism of the Roman empire that would soon be supplanted by Christianity	Satyricon The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Satyricon was probably written by	Petronius The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Satyricon was probably written during the reign of	Nero The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Jesus's teachings were written down in the ________ language and became the sacred texts of the Christian church	Greek The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Were revolutionary in terms of Greek and Roman feeling, as well as the Hebrew religious tradition	The teachings of Jesus The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	The gospels translated from Greek to Latin by a scholar in 393–405	Luke, Matthew, Mark, and John The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	He ordered the translation of 4 gospels from Greek to Latin	Pope Damascus The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Scholar that translated the 4 gospels	Jerome The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	In his Confessions, _____________ combined the intellectual tradition of the ancient world and the religious feeling that would come to be characteristic of the Middle Ages	Augustine The Roman Empire [Beginnings to 100 A.D.]
	Literature that deals extensively with courtly culture and life	Classical Sanskrit India’s Classical Age [100 A.D. to 1500]
	A highly stylized form of poetry that consists of four main genres—the court epic, short lyric, narrative, and drama	Kavya literature India’s Classical Age [100 A.D. to 1500]
	In contrast to the elegant and formal works of the kavya genre are two important collections of tales that have influenced tales around the world	Pañcatantra and Kathasaritsagara India’s Classical Age [100 A.D. to 1500]
	Concerned with the universe and ideals. Heroes and heroines are rarely individuals; rather, they represent "universal" types	Kavya tradition India’s Classical Age [100 A.D. to 1500]
	The era of Chinese literature that occupies a central place in that nation's cultural history; to many it is the era during which Chinese thought and letters achieved its highest form	Middle Period China’s Middle Period [100 A.D. to 1500]
	During China's "middle period," ______________ declined in importance	Confucianism China’s Middle Period [100 A.D. to 1500]
	Began to acquire a more important status during China's middle period. With an emphasis on personal salvation, they offered an alternative to the Confucian ideals of social and ethical collective interests	Taoism and Buddhism China’s Middle Period [100 A.D. to 1500]
	Often considered a period when poetry flourished	T'ang Dynasty China’s Middle Period [100 A.D. to 1500]
	The vernacular traditions emphasizing storytelling have coexisted and evolved along with classical literature up to present times because of the development of	Printing China’s Middle Period [100 A.D. to 1500]
	God's revelations were first received around 610 by the prophet	Muhammad Islam[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Became the basis for a new religion and community known today as Islam	Koran Islam[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Most of the pre-Islamic literature of Arabia was written in	Verse Islam[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Became a popular vehicle for the dissemination of religious learning	Prose Islam[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Suggests, the Koran was made to be heard and recited; because it is literally the word of God, Muslims do not accept the Koran in translation from Arabic	The Recitation Islam[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Borrowed from Arabic literary styles	Persian literature Islam[100 A.D. to 1500]
	New poetic styles developed by Persian writers	ruba'i (quatrain) ghazal (erotic lyric) masnavi (narrative poem) Islam[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Is generally excluded from the canon of classical Arabic literature due to its extravagant and improbable fabrications in prose, a form that was expected to be more serious and substantial than verse	A Thousand and One Nights Islam[100 A.D. to 1500]
	During this period, national literatures in the vernacular appeared	Medieval Period Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Speaks about the warring lifestyle of the Germanic and Scandinavian groups that conquered the Roman empire	Beowulf Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Set the foundation for the French literary tradition, and also establishes the narrative about the foundation of France itself	Song of Roland Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Helped establish the major forms and themes of vernacular literature, especially for what we now call romances	Marie de France Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Novelistic narratives that deal with adventure and love	Romances Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	A short example of the Icelandic saga tradition that speaks about the lives of men and women who lived in Iceland and Norway between the ninth and eleventh centuries	Thorstein the Staff-Struck Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Beginning in Provence around 1100, it spread to Sicily, Italy, France, Germany, and eventually England	Love lyric Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Offers Dante's controversial political and religious beliefs within a formal and cosmological framework that evoke's the three-in-one of the Christian Trinity: God the Father; God the Son; and God the Holy Spirit	The Divine Comedy Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	One of the many medieval writers who contributed to the revival of classical literary traditions that would come to fruition in the Italian Renaissance and later spread to other parts of Europe	Giovanni Boccaccio Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Giovanni Boccaccio was best known for his	Decameron Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Revives the "native" Anglo-Saxon tradition first seen in Beowulf that had apparently been submerged between the twelfth and fourteenth centuries following the Norman Conquest	Sir Gawain and The Green Knight Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Although it does not appear to be overtly political, it was written during a period of considerable political and religious turmoil that would eventually give rise to the Protestant Reformation	Canterbury Tales Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Focused on morality or were dramatic enactments of homilies and sermons	Anonimously written plays Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Example of an anonymously written play	Everyman Formation of Western Literature[100 A.D. to 1500]
	One of the earliest monuments of Japanese literature appears to have been intended as an anthology of poetry anthologies	Man'yoshu (The Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves) Golden Age of Japanese Culture[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Combines great poems of the past with great poems of the present; it also integrates short poems into longer narrative sequences, thereby becoming more than a mere collection of poems	Kokinshu Golden Age of Japanese Culture[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Arguably the first significant novel in world literature, was written in the early eleventh century	Tale of Genji Golden Age of Japanese Culture[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Wrote Tale of Genji	Murasaki Shikibu Golden Age of Japanese Culture[100 A.D. to 1500]
	The native religion emphasizing the protective powers of supernaturalism and enjoyed widespread popularity	Shintoism Golden Age of Japanese Culture[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Began to play an increasingly important role in premodern Japan, most notably in the arenas of literature and drama	Buddhism Golden Age of Japanese Culture[100 A.D. to 1500]
	A seemingly unstructured collection of personal observations, random thoughts, and perceptions that entered the mind of the author	The Pillow Book Golden Age of Japanese Culture[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Help create the samurai ideal, and has served as an inspiration for more writers in more genres than any other single work of Japanese literature	Tale of the Heike Golden Age of Japanese Culture[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Translated as talent or skill	No Golden Age of Japanese Culture[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Japan's classical theater, is a serious and stylized art form that is produced without most of the artifices of Western theater such as props and scenery	No Golden Age of Japanese Culture[100 A.D. to 1500]
	The literary genre of India's medieval era, lyric poetry, was associated with ________, or mystical devotion to God	Bhakti Mystical Poetry of India[100 A.D. to 1500]
	A populist literary form wherein each poem positions the devotee and God in a particular relationship	Bhakti Mystical Poetry of India[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Composed in many different regional languages and elegizes important Hindu deities	Bhakti poetry Mystical Poetry of India[100 A.D. to 1500]
	Notions of Europe's and of humankind's centrality in the world were challenged and partially discredited by advances in scientific theory, a rediscovery of Greco-Roman culture, and the so-called discovery of the Americas	Renaissance The Renaissance[1500-1650]
	Reached its peak at different times in different cultures, beginning in Italy with the visual arts and, nearly two centuries later, working its way as far as England, where its achievements are most recognized in drama	Renaissance The Renaissance[1500-1650]
	An interest in the nature of this life rather than in the life to come is of central importance in the works of	Petrarch and Erasmus The Renaissance[1500-1650]
	The Renaissance tendency toward perfection is well illustrated by _____________'s ideal prince and _____________'s ideal courtier, but is also illustrated in the reworking of older literary traditions such as in Ariosto's ___________________	Machiavelli Castiglione Orlando Furioso The Renaissance[1500-1650]
	French rulers and aristocrats adopted the artistic, literary, and social values of the more sophisticated Italian city-states such as Castiglione's ___________	Urbino The Renaissance[1500-1650]
	Spain's major contributions to Renaissance literature can be traced to	Miguel Cervantes (Don Quixote de la Mancha) Lope de Vega (El Perro de Hortelano) The Renaissance[1500-1650]
	In the 17th Century, English poets were divided into two	Metaphysical Cavalier Western Literature
	Famed for his epic “Paradise Lost”	John Milton Western Literature
	Three eras of The Age of Enlightenment	The Restoration Period The Age of Satire The Age of Johnson Western Literature
	Credited for “A Dictionary of the English Language”	Samuel Jackson Western Literature
	Known for “Robinson Crusoe”	Daniel Dafoe Western Literature
	Saw the rise of conservative literature	The Romantic Period Western Literature
	Known for her novels such as Mansfield Park and Pride and Prejudice	Jane Austen Western Literature
	Wrote Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer	Samuel Clemens Western Literature
	Wrote The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes	Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Western Literature
	Wrote Three Musketeers	Alexandre Dumas Western Literature
	Translated into European languages, but they were not made available in native languages for fear of encouraging native religious practices	Aztec and Mayan Works Native America and Europe in the Real World[1500 to 1650]
	Much of the literary work in Native American cultures belongs to three basic genres of the oral tradition	Song Narrative Oratory Native America and Europe in the Real World[1500 to 1650]
	Has always been in the Malay, Tamil, English, and Chinese	Malaysian Literature Asian Literature
	Focused on diverse forms and themes	Egyptian Literature Asian Literature
	Mostly written in Korean and sometimes in Chinese	Korean Literature Asian Literature
	Comprises a collection of literary works written in English, Chinese, Malay, and Tamil	Singaporean literature Asian Literature
	A Thai version of the Indian epic Ramayana	Ramakian Asian Literature
	After the colonizers came to Africa, their writing focused on	Slavery African Literature
	Reveals disillusionment and dissent with current events	Contemporary African literature African Literature
	Was heavily influenced by European languages	African literature African Literature
	Two of the known authors from Africa	Wole Soyinka Chinua Achebe African Literature
	Being able to read and write, but also includes the need to understand and find meaning from social, critical, mathematical and technological literacies	Literacy
	Women’s fiction written for and marketed to young women (single, 20s-30s)Usually deals with the issues of modern women humorously and lightheartedly	Chick Lit
	Deals with supernatural or futuristic elements	Speculative Fiction
	Employs literary techniques usually associated with fiction or poetry to report on actual persons, places, or events	Creative Nonfiction
	Books in which the narrative is conveyed with sequential art	Graphic Novel
	The term used to indicate multiple images (often combined with text) arranged in sequence next to each other in time and space to form a story	Sequential art

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