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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Phylum Chordata
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Notochord: Skeletal support
Dorsal hollow nerve cord Pharyngeal slits (gill slits) Muscular, postanal tail |
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Notochord
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primitive internal support
fibrous material of inter-vertebral disks |
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Dorsal nerve cord
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brain and spinal chord
neurcal crest- bone cartilage of skull |
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Gill slits
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series of slits
water exchange without entering digestive tract suspension feeding vertebrates ; gas exchange, jaw support, hearing |
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Postanal tail
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variable length extends to anal opening
fish - locomotion terrestrial vertebrates - variety of functions humans - absent |
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Invertebrate Chordates
(Urochordates) |
• Provide clues to the origin of vertebrates
• Tunicates outgroup 1; invertebrates |
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Lancelets or Amphioxus
Cephalochordates |
Retain chordate body plan
Somites out group 2; invertebrates |
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Vertebrates
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Retain primitive features
In addition; -endoskeleton is living tissue -pronounced cephalization -vertebral back bone -paired lateral appendages(fins, limbs) |
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Aquatic vertebrates
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1. Agnatha
2. Placiderms 3. Chondrichthyes 4. Osteichthyes |
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Terrestrial vertebrates
Tetrapods |
1. Amphibia
2. Reptilia 3. Aves 4. Mammalia |
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Class Agnatha
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jawless vertebrates
Aquatic vertebrates |
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Class Chondrichthyes
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cartilaginous fishes
Aquatic vertebrates |
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Class Placiderms
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armored fishes
prehistoric, extinct Aquatic vertebrates |
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Class Osteichthyes
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Bony fishes
Aquatic vertebrates |
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Class Amphibia
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terrestrial, legs
salamanders, frogs tetrapod |
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Class Reptilia
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amniotic egg
gas exchange solely through lungs keratinized waterproof skin tetrapod |
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Class aves
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flying reptiles
8,600 species 28 orders more closely related to reptilia then mammalia |
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Class mammalia
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modified jaws
differentiation of teeth endothermic diaphragm hair internal fertilization placenta, mammary glands |
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amniotic egg
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tetrapod; reptilia, aves, mammalia
sever last ties with aquatic life |
