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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Respiratory rate |
↑↑ Dose Dependent increase 2x normal at >1.7 MAC |
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TV |
↓ ~50% reduction at 1 MAC |
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MV |
↓ Dose dependent |
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CO2 Response |
Dose dependent reduced response to CO2 Data suggestive that response is abolished completely between 1.7-2.0 MAC (small study demonstrated apnoea in 6 patients at 1.7) |
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Airway irritation |
Yes 58% children cough, 49% laryngospasm 43% adults find unpleasant |
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Bronchodilation |
yes - largest out of volatiles. |
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HPV |
Impairs minimally at 1.6 MAC |
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Mucociliary function |
reduced ciliary beat frequency and reduced bronchial transport velocity |
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Surfactant |
no documented effect |
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HR |
increased dramatically as a result of sympathetic activation/catecholamine release with rapidly increasing doses. (up to 50% increase) |
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Inotropicity |
Mild directly negatively inotropic = Reduced SV and contractility |
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Cardiac ouput |
preserved at 1 MAC, mild reductions following |
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SVR |
Decreased - largest out of volatiles (Iso=Des>Sevo) |
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MAP |
decreased
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CNS |
Isoelectric at 1.5MAC |
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CBF |
Increased due to vasodilation H>E>S>D>I |
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ICP |
increased but least out of volatiles along with iso and sevo |
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CRMO2 |
minimal reduction - uncoupled at higher MACs Lesser degree cf other volatiles (minimal with iso, sevo and des) |
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CSF |
No change to production increased reabsorption due to reduced SVR |
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CNS ischaemic preconditioning |
likely effect - no concrete evidence |
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NMBD interactions |
Increases NMBD action (20% reduction at 1.0 MAC and 50% reduction at 1.6 MAC) Reduces dose of roc by about 40% required for 50% reduction in twitch height. (sevo and iso do same to lesser degree) MH - Yes ?less (Eger says possibly) |
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Skeletal muscle |
Presynaptic and post synaptic inhibition of calcium for direct relaxation |
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Skeletal blood flow |
Minimal change at normal concs increased above 1 MAC |
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Renal perfusion |
Minimal Change |
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Hepatic blood flow |
decreased portal, compensated by increased hepatic BF = overall no risk of ischaemia |
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Uterus |
mild atony |
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Response to Hypoxia |
>50% reduction at 0.1MAC, abolished at 1.0MAC |
