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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A verrucous skin-colored plaque
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Wart (verrucous vulgaris)
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Etiology of warts
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HPV
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Histology of warts
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vacuolated cells, hyperkeratosis
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Erythematous plaque with white mica-like scaling
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Psoriasis
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Pathogenesis of psoriasis
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Immunological disease (T cell activation) leading to hyperproliferation of epidermis
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What is the Auspitz sign and in what derm lesion do you see it?
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scraping of lesion/scales causes punctate bleeding due to thin epidermis
psoriasis |
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Describe histology of psoriasis
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↑ stratum corneum
↓ stratum granulosum |
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What is the Koebner effect?
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Physical trauma in psoriatic patient will induce psoriasis
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Hypopigmented macules and patches
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Tinea versicolor
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Etiology of tinea versicolor?
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Malassezia furfur
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How dx tinea versicolor?
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KOH scraping of stratum corneum → spaghetti and meatballs (hypae and spores)
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Tan-colored macules and patches
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Tinea versicolor (lesions turn brown under sun)
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Erythematous patch of nasal-labial folds
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Seborrheic Dermatitis
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What areas does seborrheic dermatitis have a predilection for?
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Areas with sebaceous glands:
scalp forehead eyebrows nasal folds |
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Erythematous pustules, papules, and nodules
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Acne
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Name 3 causes of acne
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(1) propionobacterium (contains lipase which TCA → FA)
(2) hormonal (↑ sebaceous gland activity) (3) epidermal (hyperkeratinization) |
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Verrucous medium-brown plaque
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Seborrheic keratoses
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What derm lesion do you see pseudohorn cysts of keratin?
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Seborrheic keratoses
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What is the prognosis of seborrheic keratoses?
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benign, don't need to treat
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Erythematous edematous, skin-colored papules
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urticaria
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wheel and flare
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urticaria
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Name some common causes of urticaria
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Drugs (penicillin, aspirin)
Food (shellfish) Physical (cold, heat, light, pressure -- underwear) |
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Erythematous annular patches with slightly elevated border and scaling
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Tinea dermatophysis (tinea corporis -- ringworm)
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How dx tinea dermatophysis?
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KOH prep --> only hyphae
Wood light (tinea fluoresces) culture with sabarose medium |
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Many oval erythematous patches
Long axis along lines of cleavage (Christmas tree sign) Mother patch |
Pityriasis Rosea
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If pityriasis rosea suspected, what test should you do?
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VDRL for secondary syphilis (mimics PR)
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Small erythematous macule with honey-colored crust (filled with neutrophils)
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Impetigo
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What causes impetigo?
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Staph or Group A Strep
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Pearly border with central telangiectasis
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Basal cell carcinoma
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Translucent papule with telangiectasias and central ulcer (name general skin lesion and subtype)
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Basal cell carcinoma -- nodular ulcerative
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Name 4 types of basal cell carcinoma
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Nodular-ulcerative
Pigmented Superficial Sclerosing |
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Grouped vesicles on erythematous base
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HSV
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What test do you use to confirm HSV?
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Tzanck smear (multinucleated giant cells) and Cowdry A inclusions (intranuclear inclusions)
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Erythematous patches with scaling
Intracellular edema Microvesiculation Sharp lines of demarcation |
Contact dermatitis
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Light tan-colored papule with regular appearance (sometimes with hair)
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melanocytic nevus
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Straight pigmented line on nail bed
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Melanocytic nevus
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Risk of what with melanocytic nevus?
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Malignant melanoma
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How rule out malignant melanoma if you see a pigmented lesion?
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Sudden changes (red = inflamm, white = regression, blue = melanin)
Increase in size Irregular border Irregular topography Ulceration, bleeding, itching |
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Lesion with irregular border, topography, and color
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Malignant melanoma
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What is most important in determining prognosis of a malignant melanoma?
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Depth of invasion (use Breslow method)
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Where are melanomas most found in:
-- men -- women |
Men: trunk
Women: legs (sun exposed areas) |
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Jet black lesion with erythema and white center and irregular borders
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Melanoma with regression
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Hyper- and hypopigmented skin, erythematous, scaling macules
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Actinic Keratoses
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Who's most at risk of actinic keratoses and in what areas?
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Fair-skinned people
Sun-exposed areas |
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Actinic keratoses predisposes to what neoplasm?
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Squamous cell carcinoma of skin
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Erythematous patches in cubital fossa and other flexor areas, pruritic
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Atopic dermatitis
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Patient has FHx of rhinitis, asthma, hay fever, and hives (sucks, huh?).
What skin disorder is he at risk for? |
Atopic dermatitis
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Compare allergic contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis
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Allergic contact: need specific antigen
Atopic: Th-2 driven response, diathesis, triad of rhinitis, hay fever, dermatitis |