Dermatology-Final: Cutaneous Candidiasis

Front 1

where are the lesions of candidal intertrigo found?

Back 1

seen in intertriginous areas such as axillae, groin, intergluteal fold, perineum, beneath pendulous breasts and the corners of the mouth (perleche)

Front 2

how does candidal interigo present itself?

Back 2

initially, pustules appear, followed by well-demarcated erythematous plaques with mall papular and pustualr lesions at the periphery "satellite lesions"
-erythematous areas later become eroded and "beefy red"
-NO central clearing

Front 3

what is the CHARACTERISTIC of candidal intertrigo?

Back 3

"satelite lesions"

Front 4

where does candidal diaper dermatitis occur?

Back 4

in occluded, macerated areas like under the diaper area

Front 5

what does candidal vulvitis/vulvovaginitis look like?

Back 5

erosions, pustules, erythematous plaques, and satellite lesions

Front 6

what is candidal balanitis?

Back 6

infxn that occurs in men with diabetes, that appears as erythema, edema, and moist casseous accumulations on the glans penis often with fissuring and ulceration of foreskin

Front 7

what is candidal paranychia?

Back 7

edema, erythema, and purulance of the proximal nail fold with secondary nail dystrophy

Front 8

what characterizes oral candidiasis?

Back 8

white, creamy exudate or plaques, which when removed appear eroded and beefy red
-appears in infants "thrush"
-may also see in DM or immunosuppression

Front 9

what will a culture show of cutaneous candidiasis?

Back 9

+ koh for pseudohyphae, budding yeast, or mycelia
-fungal cultures reveal creamy, dull, white colonies

Front 10

a noninfectious eruption caused by irritation from deodarant is called what?

Back 10

irritant intertrigo

Front 11

how can you tell the difference between irritant intertrigo and candidal interigo?

Back 11

irritant intertrigo does not have satellite lesions and is not as well demarcated

Front 12

what is the tx of intertrigionous areas?

Back 12

-keep dry
-burrow's solution
-miconazole powder
-hairdryer after bathing
use anti-fungal's such as: nizoril, lotrimin, micatin or systemic anti-fungals

Front 13

pityriasis versicolor is AKA __?

Back 13

tinea versicolor

Front 14

what is tinea versicolor caused by? which bug?

Back 14

p. ovale

Front 15

what is the incidence of tinea versicolor?

Back 15

-superficial yeast infxn, esp. in young adults
-"leeism" unusual in the very young or very old
-primarily cosmetic concern
-chronic, relapsing
-relapses in temparate zones

Front 16

how would you describe the lesions of tinea versicolor?

Back 16

well-defined round or oval macules with an overlay of fine scales
lesions often coalesce into larger patches

Front 17

where do you most often find the lesions of tinea versicolor?

Back 17

trunk
upper arms
neck
?face

Front 18

what is the differnce seen between tinea versicolor and vitiligo?

Back 18

tinea versicolor will have scales, vitiligo will not

Front 19

if you do a koh of tinea versicolor what will you see under the microscope?

Back 19

spaghetti and meatball hyphae spore patterns
lesions will flouresce under a wood's light to a orange-mustard color

Front 20

a complete depigmentation of the skin with lack of scale is what skin condition?

Back 20

vitiligo

Front 21

a superficial secondary opportunistic fungal infection r/t __ which is part of the skin's normal flora.

Back 21

c. albicans

Front 22

candidiasis may be the sentinal sign of what condition?

Back 22

dm

Front 23

a _ is an eruption which "bursts forth" or "blooms" out onto to the skin.

-enanthem
-exanthem

Back 23

exanthem

Front 24

exanthems may be caused by..

-viruses
-bacteria
-noninfectious causes
-all of the above

Back 24

all of the above

Front 25

exanthems are symmetric, erythematous __ eruptions, without a scale.

-macular
-papule
-pustule

Back 25

macular

Front 26

the characteristic "dew drop ona rose petal" is indicative of?

-varicella (chix pox)
-scabies
-tinea pedis

Back 26

varicella

Front 27

what is the epidemiology of varicella?

Back 27

most during childhood
usually under age 5
peaks in late winter and spring

Front 28

how would you describe varicella lesions?

Back 28

-"dew drop on a rose petal"
-begin as erythematous macules that progress to papules, to vesicles, to pustules, to crusts
-thin walled
-pruritic
-successive crops over 3-5 days, in all stages of development

Front 29

vesicles on the orobuccal mucosa, especially the palate, where they rupture and cause shallow erosions or ulcers,,,,is a ?

-exanthem
-enanthem

Back 29

enanthem

Front 30

if a pox becomes secondarily infected it is usually via what bug?

-s. pyogenes
-s. pneumoniae
-s. aureus

Back 30

s. aureus

Front 31

where do lesions of pox usually start and spread?

Back 31

centrifugal and spread caudally; or start on the face,scalp and trunk and spread to extremities

Front 32

what are the clinical manifestations of varicella?

Back 32

incubation = 2 weeks
kids usually asymptomatic
rash may be preceeded by fever and flulike symptoms

Front 33

what are the possible complications of varicella?

Back 33

rare in kids
varicella pneumonia

Front 34

how do you dx varicella?

Back 34

usually clinically
tzanck smear if needed (will not diffentiate between VZV or HSV)
direct immunofluorescence
viral cultures

Front 35

exanthem's of acral lesions, appear where?

Back 35

on the palms and soles-do not rupture

Front 36

what common viral infection found in school-age children that is caused by parvovirus B19?

-varicella
-erythema infectiosum (5's dx)
-herpes zoster

Back 36

erythema infectiosum (fifth's disease)

Front 37

what is erythema infectiosum AKA?

Back 37

fifth's disease

Front 38

how is fifth's disease transmitted?

Back 38

person to person via the respiratory route

Front 39

when is erythema infectiosum infectious?

-during incubation period
-when rash appears

Back 39

during incubation period

Front 40

what is the characteristic sign of 5th's disease?

Back 40

malar rash

Front 41

what occurs 1-4 days after the appearance of the malar rash?

Back 41

a photosensitive eruption appears, in a classic net-like/reticular/ "lacy" pattern on the trunk and extremities

Front 42

what is characteristic about the malar rash of 5th's disease?

Back 42

tends to spare the nasal bridge, perioral and periorbital regions

Front 43

if a pregnant women gets erythema infectiosum what could happen to the fetus?

Back 43

in the first 20 weeks of gestation, can result in hydrops fetalis and fetal death

Front 44

what is different between the malar rash of SLE, and fifth's disease.

Back 44

the malar rash in SLE is non-nasal sparing

Front 45

roseola infantum is AKA?

Back 45

6th's disease

Front 46

what is 6th's disease, what is the epidemiology of 6th's disease?

Back 46

acute viral illness, characterized by a high prodromal fever, which resolves with onset of the exanthem
-this is one of the most common causes of high fever in kids
-caused by the HHV-6
-asymptomate incubation period is 7-14 days
-exanthem appears 1 day before or after febrile defervescence
-lesions often coalesce
exanthem clears within 1-2 weeks

Front 47

what is the characteristic rash of 6th's disease?

Back 47

"rose pink" erythematous maculopapules with a surrounding rim of pallor

Front 48

what is the distribution of lesions in 6th's disease?

Back 48

widespread distribution, appearing on trunk, butt, neck, and occasionally face and limbs

Front 49

what is the clinical manifestation of 6th's disease?

Back 49

febrile illness preceds the exanthem by 3-5 days
high fever
cervical, occipital, postauricular lymphadenopathy is common

Front 50

what is another name for rubella?

Back 50

german measles

Front 51

typically the german measles (rubella) is a (mild/benign or severe/benign) course?

Back 51

mild/benign

Front 52

what is the exception to german measles (rubella) being mild and benign?

Back 52

maternal rubella in the 1st 8 weeks of gestation may result in fetal demise, and after 5 mths gestation results in congenital defects.

Front 53

does the german measles (rubella) last...

-2 days
-3 days
-4 days
-5 days

Back 53

3 day measles

Front 54

what is a congenital defect that may occur in the eyes of the fetus that is exposed to rubella?

Back 54

cataracts

Front 55

rubella virus is a ...

-dna virus
-rna virus

Back 55

rna virus

Front 56

t/f

humans are the sole host of the rubella virus

Back 56

true

Front 57

how is rubella transmitted?

-fomites
-respiratory mucosa
-genital mucosa

Back 57

respiratory mucosa

Front 58

what is the classic rash of rubella?

Back 58

pink to red macules with pinpoint papules

Front 59

the rash of rubella looks a lot like the rash of?

Back 59

scarlet fever

Front 60

what is the key word in the dx of rubella?

Back 60

"pinpoint" rash

Front 61

where does the exanthem of rubella start and then go?

Back 61

starts on the face and spreads cephalocaudally to the trunk and then extremities

Front 62

does rubella have a mild or severe prodromal period?

Back 62

mild prodrome

Front 63

when does the prodromal period of rubella stop?

Back 63

within 24 hours of the onset of rash, but the lymphadenopathy may last for weeks

Front 64

is the clinical appearance of rubella enough to make your diagnosis?

Back 64

no, need labs

Front 65

what lab do you get, and what will it show?

Back 65

rubella titer

-there will be a 4 fold rise in acute v/ convalescant titers

Front 66

where might you find lymphadenopathy in a pt with mono?

Back 66

post. auricular

Front 67

a pt with a severe pharyngitis, strawberry tongue, a strawberry exanthem is indicative of what condition?

-rubella
-scarlet fever
-rubeola

Back 67

scarlet fever has the "strawberry tongue"

Front 68

what happens to the skin at the end of scarlet fever?

-resolves over weeks
-desquamation of skin
-resolves with resolution of fever

Back 68

desquamation of fever

Front 69

if a pt has petechia on the palate, and post auricular lymphadenopathy, what is the most like dx?

-rubella
-scarlet fever
-mono

Back 69

mono

Front 70

what is the other name of the 9 day or black measles?

-rubella
-rubeola
-scarlet measles

Back 70

rubeola

Front 71

what is the characteristic rash of rubeola (9 day or black measles)?

Back 71

exanthem and enanthem

Front 72

what is the epidemiology of rubeola?

Back 72

exanthem and enanthem
respiratory transmission
initial infxn is the oropharynx
incubation is 4-11 days

Front 73

what is special about the rash of rubeola?

Back 73

exanthem appears 3-5 days after onset of prodrome
discrete maculopapular "morbilliform" rash

Front 74

what is the pathognomonic rash of rubeola?

Back 74

koplik's spots-which are 1.0mm blue-white macules with develp on erythematous oral mucosa.

Front 75

koplik's spots are pathognomonic for what condition?

-rubella
-rubeola
-scarlet fever

Back 75

rubeola

Front 76

what is the distribution of rubeola lesions?

Back 76

begin on forehead and behind the ears, then spreads cephalocaudally
enanthem of koplik's spots appear adjacent to the molars

Front 77

what are common complications of rubeola?

Back 77

viral pneumonia in kids
2ndary bacterial pneumonia in adults
encephalitis

Front 78

rubeola is typically dx'd clinically based on its distinctive__ & __.

Back 78

exanthem and enanthem (koplik's spots)