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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What questions do you need to figure out when presented with alopecia case
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-inflammatory or non inflammatory
-patient pulling hair out or falling out -is alopecia complete or incomplete |
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what is evidence of inflammatory alopecia
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-folliculitis /papules /pustules /erythema /scale or crust
-irregular pattern to alopecia -pruritis |
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what is evidence of non-inflammatory alopecia
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-non-pruritic
-hair falling out by itself -alopecia complete |
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what cause inflammatory alopecias
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-folliculitis - demodicosis, dermatophytosis, pyoderma
-yeast dermatitis -allergic disorders -auto-immune disease (crusts) |
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what are characteristics of non inflammatory alopecia
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-bilateral and symmetrical: head and extremities often spared
-complete alopecia - no hair regrowth -NOT pruritic |
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what are the endocrine alopecias
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hypothyrodism
hyperadrenocorticism sex hormone dermatoses |
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what are hair characteristics of endocrine alopecias
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brittle, dry, old
easily epilated retained telogen hairs that are worn wear alopecia |
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What are skin characteristics of endocrine alopecia
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-Pigment changes - bilateral symmetrical / hyperpigmentation
-seborrhea -comedones |
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what are histopath findings with EA
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-telogen hairs
-epidermal melanosis -epidermal atrophy -sebaceous gland atrophy |
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what can mask typical endocrine changes
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folliculitis from 2ary pyoderma
treat this first then biopsy |
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Give differentials for bilateral symmetrical truncal alopecia with head and legs spared
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-endocrinopathies:
hyperadrenocorticism sex hormone dermatoses -non endocrine: Alopecia X cyclic flank alopecia pattern baldness |
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what are differential for generalized alopecia extremities affected
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anagen / telogen defluxion
follicular dysplasia sebaceous adenitis |
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What are CS of hypothyroidism
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-med to large breed dog
-middle aged -multiple tissues affected -protein, fat, CHO metabolism affected -mentally dull / lethargic -exercise intolerant -obesity without polyphagia |
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what are dermatologic signs of hypothyroidism
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-+/- bilateral symmetrical alopecia
-rat tails -loss of guard hairs -hair loss in areas of wear -failure to shed -hair bleached -hyperpigmentation along bridge of nose -recurrent infections - pyoderma, otitis |
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what are dermatologic signs of hyperadrenocorticism
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like hypothyoroid:
+ cutaneous atrophy *recurrent non pruruitic pyoderma calcinosis cutis poor wound healing brusing with minimal trauma |
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what are non-skin CS associated with hyperadrenocorticism
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-PU/PD/PP
-UTI -pendulous abdomen -weakness -panting |
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what are histopath findings associated with hyperadrenocorticism
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Calcinosis cutis
thin dermis thin epidermis |
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What can cause hyperestrogenism
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cystic ovaries
testicular tumors - sertoli cell tumor iatrogenic anagen hair growth inhibited by estrogen |
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What are CS of hyperestrogenism in females
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bilateral symmetrical alopecia
spared extremities enlarged nipples and vulva (R/o chronic inflmmation) comedones 2ary seborrhea irregular estrus cycle |
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What are CF of hyperestrogenism in males
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feminization
bilateral symmetrical alopecia spared extremities linear preputial hyperpigmentation macular melanosis abnormal testicles |
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what can cause hyperadrogenism
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-Testicular tumor
-adrenal tumor? -hyperadrenocorticism? |
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Wha are CF of hyperadrogenism
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intact male
hyperplastic circumanal gland hyperplastic tail gland seborrhea oleosa rarely symmetrical |
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what skin signs can be associated with Diabetes mellitus
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atrophy
alopecia seborrhea poor wound healing pyoderma xanthomas |
