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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Risk factors for melanoma |
White race Female gender Adolescent age group Family history of MELANOMA Immunodeficiency Prior organ transplant(4 fold increase) Survivors of childhood cancers Tanning beds Dysplastic nevi Xeroderma pigmentosum Melanocytic nevi |
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Clinical features of melanoma |
ABCD asymmetry Border irregularity Uneven color Diameter >6mm |
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Primary skin lesions |
Macules Papules Nodules Vesicles Bullae Pustules BullaePustulesWhealsCystsPlaques Wheals Cysts Plaques |
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Solid lesion less than 1cm |
Papule |
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Primary skin lesion, solid, larger than 1cm |
Nodules |
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Secondary skin lesions |
Crusts Erosions Excoriations Fissures Lichenification Scales Ulcers |
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Ectodermal dysplasia |
sparse scalp hair, impaired sweating, late developing conical teeth, periorbital hyperpigmentation, flattened midline facial structures, and concretions of nasal and aural secretions. susceptible to hyperthermia. |
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Icthyosis types
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ichthyosis vulgaris (AD) X-linked ichthyosis Lamellar ichthyosis (AR) congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma |
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ichthyosis vulgaris
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Fine white or tan scales(lower legs) spares antecubital and popliteal fossae Hyperlinearity of the palms and sles Comorbidities: atopic demratitis and keratosis pilaris |
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X lInked Icthyosis
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Absence of cholesterol sulfate sulfhydrolase Can occur at birth with erythema and desquamation Polygonal brown scales that spares palms and plantar area. Corneal opacities common Increased risk for testicular cancer |
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Lamellar icthyosis
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Rare, AR newborn is covered by a membrane and exhibits ectropion and small, misshapen ears |
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ichthyosiform erythroderma.
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Scales are finer and whiter in color. There is hyperkeratosis of the knees, elbows, ankles, palms, and soles. Hair is sparse and nails are dystrophic.
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Mongolian Spot seccond name and syndromes associated if extensive |
Dermal Melanosis occurring in 96% of black, 46% of Hispanic, and 10% of white newborns Associated with GM1 gangliosidosis and Hurler syndrome |
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The nevus of Ota
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congenital melanocytic lesion that is located on the face in the distribution of the first or second divisions of the trigeminal nerve on the periorbital region, temple, forehead, and nose .
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The nevus of Ito
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melanocytic lesion that appears on the shoulder, neck, and upper arm. |
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Congenital melanocytic nevi
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-may present at birth and are due to disrupted migration of melanocytes -brown to black in color and less than 1.5 cm in diameter, although giant CMN may be 20 cm or more in diameter and contain significant hair on the surface. -High risk for melanoma. Consultation with a pediatric dermatologist should be considered with these lesions. |
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nevus sebaceous, also called nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn
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hamartoma involving the epidermis, hair follicles, and sebaceous and apocrine glands
Nevus sebaceous may be an isolated finding, or it may occur as part of a constellation of findings, such as the neurocutaneous disorder linear nevus sebaceous syndrome (LNSS) (Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims syndrome, Solomon syndrome). The characteristic triad of findings for LNSS is a midline nevus sebaceous, seizures, and intellectual disability.
Recent studies indicate that only a small percentage of lesions develop tumors, and the majority of these tumors are benign. Basal cell cancer is the most common malignancy associated with nevus sebaceous, occurring in fewer than 2% of lesions. |
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Nevus sebaceous triad
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Nevus sebaceous may occur as part of the linear sebaceous nevus syndrome, a triad of nevus sebaceous, seizures, and intellectual disability.
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Phakomatosis
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Tuberous sclerosis(AD) Neurofibromatosis(AD) ataxia telangiectasia is autosomal recessive, incontinentia pigmenti is X-linked dominant, and von Hippel-Lindau is autosomal dominant. Sturge Weber |
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Erythema multiforme types |
EM minor, EM major, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) |
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Erythema multiforme causes |
EM is an immune-mediated hypersensitivity reaction most commonly associated with herpes simplex virus, mycoplasma pneumonia, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sulfonamides, antiepileptics, and antibiotics. |
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Difference between Steven Johnson and TEN |
Stevens-Johnson syndrome and TEN are a clinical spectrum of immune-mediated hypersensitivity reactions presenting as a febrile, erosive stomatitis, with ocular involvement, and a widely distributed rash of dark macules with a necrotic center. Other skin lesions seen in this spectrum include violaceous macules, flat atypical target lesions, bullae, and erosions. TEN manifests with extensive loss of epidermis secondary to necrosis. Cases with more than 30% body surface area affected by epidermal detachment are considered TEN, whereas SJS will have less than 10% body surface area involvement. Mortality in SJS is less than 5%, whereas mortality in TEN is close to 30% |
