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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Urticaria mediated by which immune substance.
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Histamine
Allergic. Transient. Move around. Acute and chronic. Circular +/- centres In small children can look like purpura (d/t fragile Bvs) |
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What drugs commonly cause acute urticaria
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Asprin/NSAIDS
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Chronic urticaria definition?
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>6wks.
Nearly always idopathic Immune dysreg. |
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Management of urticaria
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Antihistimines
Exclusion diet Investigation not necessary in acute urticaria and not helpful in chronic urticaria Very occasionally immunesuppression |
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Immune pathogenesis of urticaria?
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Antigen interacts with IgE on mast cells degranulate releasing histamine
Also, IgG antibody to IgE receptors on mast cells leading to more serious clinical presentation |
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Angioedema – what is it?
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Deep form of urticaria
Swelling. Painful rather than itchy. May occlude airway or eye |
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Anaphylaxis – what is it?
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Overwhelming IgE mediated allergy
CPx depends on where the mast cells degranulate: Circu collaps Airway obstruction Severe bronchospasm Abdo pain/diarrhoea |
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How quickly after exposure can anaphylaxis occur
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1-30 mins
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Management of anaphylaxis
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MET CALL
ABC Adrenaline SC/MI/IV Antihistamines IVI hydrocortisone |
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Acutely itch, rapidly spreading erythematous reaction. Maybe oedematous with blistering. What is it?
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Allergic contact dermatitis.
Type IV cell mediated allergy. |
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Can allergic contact dermatitis be idopathic?
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No. usually always identifiable cause.
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Allergens involved in contact dermatitis?
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Plants, nickel, topical meds, perfuse, preservatives, dye, latex, sunscreen (usu only when in sun), glues
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What’s the characteristic spread of contact dermatitis?
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Typically rash extends beyond area of contact
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Angioedema – what is it?
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Deep form of urticaria
Swelling. Painful rather than itchy. May occlude airway or eye |
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Anaphylaxis – what is it?
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Overwhelming IgE mediated allergy
CPx depends on where the mast cells degranulate: Circu collaps Airway obstruction Severe bronchospasm Abdo pain/diarrhoea |
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How quickly after exposure can anaphylaxis occur
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1-30 mins
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Management of anaphylaxis
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MET CALL
ABC Adrenaline SC/MI/IV Antihistamines IVI hydrocortisone |
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Acutely itch, rapidly spreading erythematous reaction. Maybe oedematous with blistering. What is it?
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Allergic contact dermatitis.
Type IV cell mediated allergy. |
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Can allergic contact dermatitis be idopathic?
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No. usually always identifiable cause.
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Allergens involved in contact dermatitis?
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Plants, nickel, topical meds, perfuse, preservatives, dye, latex, sunscreen (usu only when in sun), glues
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What’s the characteristic spread of contact dermatitis?
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Typically rash extends beyond area of contact
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Baby receives abx then gets this reaction - is very unwell.
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Toxic epidermal necrolysis Most serious of cutaneous drug reactions
Common causes: antiepleptics (lamotragine), sulphur containing abx Mgt in ICU. Give IVIG. |
