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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which type of herpes results in fever blisters and cold sores? Genital herpes? |
Type 1 - fever blisters and cold sores Type 2 - genital |
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How is herpes diagnosed? |
Tzanck smear, looking for multinucleated giant cells |
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What is Eczema herpeticum? |
widespread herpes in atopic individuals or other skin conditions; 1/3 will die without treatment |
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What antivirals are used to treat herpes? |
acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir |
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How is Varicella-Zoster diagnosed? |
Tzanck smear; immunofluorescent testing; culture not very sensitive |
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What antivirals are used to treat chicken pox and shingles? |
high dose acyclovir, famciclovir or valacyclovir |
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What is the best treatment for warts/verruca vulgaris? |
There is not a best treatment. Usual treatments are Topical salicylic acid preparations, liquid nitrogen, laser, imiquimod, duct tape, but they do not work very well. |
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What treatments are used on condylomaacuminatum (HPV)/ venereal warts? |
podophyllin, podophyllotoxin, sinecatechins, cryosurgery, imiquimod, laser, interferon, surgery |
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What serotypes are covered by the HPV vaccine? |
types 6, 11, 16, 18 |
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What is another name for Orf? What type of virus is Orf? |
ecthyma contagiosum is a pox virus which is self limited to infection in goat and sheep farmers |
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What is another name for Fifth Disease? |
erythema infectiosum = "slapped cheek fever" |
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What are the six exanthems? |
•1st disease = measles = rubeola •2nd disease = scarlet fever (non-viral) •3rd disease = German measles = rubella •4th disease = “Duke’s disease” = ??? •5th disease = erythema infectiosum = “slapped cheek fever” •6th disease = roseola = exanthem subitum |
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Which disease-associated rash is similar to a drug rash? |
measles |
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What are the common symptoms of measles? |
• high Fever, conjunctivitis, photophobia •Koplick’s spots on buccalmucosa are pathognomonic |
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What causes scarlet fever? What are the common symptoms? What drug is used to treat scarlet fever? |
- due to Streptococcus - “strawberry” tongue - generalized “sandpaper-like” erythematous non-pruritic eruption - Rx = penicillin |
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What is the difference between measles and German measles? |
- measles = rubeola - German measles = rubella German measles has slightly milder symptoms (lower fever and no Koplick's spots) |
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What causes Fifth disease (Erythema infectiosum)? What are the common symptoms? |
- Parvovirus B19 - can cause arthritis syndrome in adults, hydrops fetalis in pregnancy and aplastic crisis in hemolytic anemia patients - bright red erythematous cheeks followed by reticulated rash on extremities, face, neck, and trunk |
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What virus causes Roseola (exantherm subitum)? What are the common symptoms? |
- due to human herpesvirus 6 - high fever which suddenly drops and is followed by erythematous macular lesions (usually infects infants) |
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Which herpes serotype causes Kaposi’s Sarcoma? |
HHV-8 |
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What causes Dengue fever? |
flavivirus transmitted by mosquito |
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How is Chikungunya virus transmitted? What family of viruses does it belong to? |
- mosquito - alpha virus |
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What is the genome and structure of pox viruses? Where do they replicate? |
- linear, dsDNA - complex structure - replicate in the cytosol |
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What is the genome and structure of parvo viruses? |
- linear, ssDNA (negative and positive sense strands are packaged separately) - non-enveloped, icosahedral |
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What is the genome and structure of adeno viruses? |
- linear, dsDNA with protein covalently linked to the 5' end - non-enveloped, icosahedral |
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What is the genome and structure of adeno viruses? |
- linear, dsDNA - enveloped |
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What family do alphaviruses belong to? |
Togaviridae |
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What is the genome and structure of togaviruses? |
- (+) ssRNA - enveloped, icosahedral |
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What is the genome and structure of flaviviruses? |
- (+) ssRNA - enveloped |
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What is the genome and structure of papillomaviruses? |
- circular, dsDNA - non-enveloped, icosahedral |
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What is the genome and structure of Polyomaviruses? |
- circular, dsDNA - non-enveloped, icosahedral |
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What type of virus causes hand, foot and mouth disease? |
Coxsackie virus |
