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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Basic Scheme for the Dermatologic Exam
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Morphology of the primary lesion
Configuration Distribution Morphologic diagnostic categories |
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Macule/patch
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A discolored spot on the skin that is neither elevated nor depressed when compared to the surrounding skin.
A large macule is called a patch. |
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Papule/plaque
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A small circumscribed, solid elevation of the skin.
If a papule enlarges laterally or a group of papules enlarge and coalesce, the resulting lesion is a plaque. |
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Nodule/tumor
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A small rounded lump which is solid and can be detected by touch.
A large nodule is called a tumor. |
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Cyst
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A sac containing liquid or semisolid material is a cyst.
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Vesicle/bulla
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A small circumscribed elevation of the epidermis containing fluid
A large vesicle is called a bulla |
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Pustule
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A small elevation of the skin filled with pus
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SPECIAL PRIMARY LESIONS
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Wheal
Target lesion Burrow Telangiectasis (telangiectases) Milium (milia) Comedo (comedones) |
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Wheal
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PPD, hives, cold urticaria
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Target lesion
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lyme disease, erythema multiformans
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Burrow
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scabies
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Telangiectasis (telangiectases)
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dilated superficial blood vessels--osler-weber-rendu
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Milium (milia)
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small superficial cysts
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Comedo (comedones)
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open-zit
closed blackhead |
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Morphology: Secondary Changes
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Scale, desquamation
Crust Excoriation Erosion Ulceration Fissure Scar (cicatrix) Atrophy Lichenification Induration Pigmentary changes Vascular changes |
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Excoriation
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evidence of scratching
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Erosion
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excessive scratching that takes off the top layers of epidermis--NO SCAR
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Ulceration
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Damage to the dermis--SCAR
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Lichenification
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callous-thickened skin due to repeated friction against the epidermis
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Induration
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raised lesion involving more than the epidermis
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BLANCHING
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Erythema
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NON-BLANCHING
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Purpura / hemorrhage (petechia,
pl. petechiae ---> ecchymosis, pl. ecchymoses) |
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Configuration
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Solitary vs multiple
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Discrete, grouped lesions
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Agminated (clustered)
Herpetiform Zosteriform-dermatomal Guttate |
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Confluent lesions
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Linear-poison ivy
Serpiginous Annular/circinate Gyrate/figurate |
