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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What sensation to Meissner's corpuscles vs Pacinian corpuscles sense?
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Meissner's: touch
Pacinian: vibration |
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Difference between VDRL (non-treponemal antibody titers) vs FTA-ABS (treponemal tests) for syphilis
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VDRL reported as titers, correlates with disease activity
FTA-ABS can be positive or negative in both treated and and untreated patients (may revert in some patients after tx, others may be positive forever). |
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What is pathognomonic for NF-1? What is the earliest sign of NF-1?
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Multiple Lisch nodules -- pathognomonic for NF1
Earliest sign is cafe-au-lait macules (appx 80% by first year of life) |
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What finding in infants with seizures might suggest tuberous sclerosis?
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hypomelanotic macules
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How can you distinguish between allergic and irritant contact dermatitis?
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patch testing
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What is the most common form of contact dermatitis?
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Irritant contact = 80%
Allergic contact = 20% |
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MC drug assoc with pseudo porphyria?
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Naproxen
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MC drug assoc with Linear IgA bullous dermatosis?
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Vancomycin
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Name a common pustular eruption of the neonate that may have peripheral eosinophilia in 20% of cases?
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Erythema toxicum neonatorum
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Prognosis of Infantile Acropustulosis?
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self limited
resolves by age 2 |
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MC drug causing acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis?
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cephalosporins
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what % of RA pts have rheumatoid nodules?
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25%
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What titers correlate with disease in Wegner's?
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Titers of c-ANCA
c-ANCA = cytoplasmic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies directed against SERINE PROTEINASE 3 (an enzyme found in the cytoplasm of neutrophils) -- high titers correlate with increased disease 90% of cases have this |
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Microscopic polyarteritis is assoc with what antibodies?
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70% of cases with antibodies to peripheral antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (directed against MYELOPEROXIDASE)
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Interscapular ripples ?
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Macular amyloidosis
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Macroglossia, pinch purpura ?
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Amyloidosis
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What dz is suggestive if you find pretibial myxedema?
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Grave's Disease
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Urine findings (under wood's lamp) in EPP vs PCT?
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EPP (erythropoietic protoporphyria) -- RBCs show fleeting fluorescence when examined
PCT - urine fluoresces a coral-red color when under a wood's light |
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How are oculocutaneous albinism disorders inherited?
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All are AR
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What is the defect in OCA? clinical findings?
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inactive or missing melanocyte tyrosinase
lack of cutaneous pigmentation, depigmented iris and retina, foveal hypoplasia, misrouted optic chiasm nerve fibers, and nystagmus |
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Histology seen in Vitilgo?
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Essentially normal except no epidermal melanocytes
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What is a common cause of perioral dermatitis?
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inappropriate use of topical corticosteroids
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What % of rosacea pt's have eye involvement?
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50%
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Cancer assoc with dermatomyositis?
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Ovarian Ca for women;
All pt's should have age appropriate screening |
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MC physical urticaria?
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Dermographism
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What % of chronic urticarias have an autoimmune basis?
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50% of cases
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What lab test screens for both hereditary and acquired angioedema?
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C4
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MC cause of roseola infantum
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HHV 6
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Cause of purpuric gloves and socks syndrome?
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Parvovirus B19
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What % of zoster pt's will have a recurrence?
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5%
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MC cause of impetigo?
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Staph Aureus (overtakes S. Pyogenes)
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What species is the reservoir for M. leprae?
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9-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus)
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Two MC forms of cutaneous TB?
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Lupus Vulgaris
Scrofuloderma |
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What is Warbles?
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Cutaneous myiasis (or furuncular myiasis) in humans -- fly eggs or larvae
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Creeping eruption?
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Cutaneous larva migrans caused by
Ancylostoma caninum A. braziliense |
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What do you do with a proven Sweet's syndrome pt?
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look at CBC and look for underlying hematologic malignancy
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What does the presence of eruptive xanthomas indicate?
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elevated TGs
risk of pancreatitis |
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What does finding 1 or more xanthomas on the skin indicate?
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abnormality of lipid metabolism or a monoclonal gammopathy
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Why does bilirubin show in the sclera readily?
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It has strong affinity for elastic rich tissue -- therefore goes to eyes
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What causes oral hair leukoplakia?
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EBV infection
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What causes pellagra?
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niacin and/or nicotinic acid deficiency
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What patients may get pellagra?
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corn-rich diets
alcoholism GI disease carcinoid and some drugs |
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Four classic findings in pellagra?
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D's:
Diarrhea Dermatitis Dementia Death |
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What disease has Casal's necklace?
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Pellagra / Niacin deficiency
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MC vascular tumor of childhood?
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Capillary hemangioma
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MC cause of multiple dermatofibromas?
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SLE
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"Fitzpatrick" Sign?
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"dimple" with lateral pressure of DF
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what % of NMSC are on the nose?
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50%
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What are the three presentations of Angiosarcomas?
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1) face and scalp of elderly
2) chronic lymphedema (aka Stewart-Treves syndrome) 3) previously irradiated tissue |
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Why does a microcystic adnexal carcinoma often recur?
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perineural invasion is common
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Stain for DFSP?
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Human hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34
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What % of patients who die from internal malignancy will have metastatic tumors in the skin?
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9%
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What is Sister Mary Joseph's nodule?
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metastatic tumor in the umbilicus (usu GI, bad prognosis
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How quickly can superpotent topical steroids produce thinning in the skin?
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after only 7 days!
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What is the total safe maximum dose of lidocaine w/ epi and w/o epi
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w/o epi: 4.5 mg/kg
w/ epi: 7mg/kg |
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Earliest sign of lidocaine toxicity?
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talkativeness, tinnitus, metallic taste, lightheadedness, diplopia, and circumoral pallor
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What does buffering with 8.4% bicarb do to lidocaine?
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diminishes pain, but also shortens its duration of action
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What does suture size correspond to?
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SPECIFIC TENSILE STRENGTH, not specific diameter
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What are your ablative lasers?
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Carbon Dioxide
Erbium:Yag |
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laser gold standard for vascular lesions?
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PDL
(others: KTP, Nd:Yag, alexandrite) |
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Laser gold standard for laser hair removal?
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long-pulsed alexandrite laser
(Nd:Yag, and long-pulsed ruby are okay too) |
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Laser gold std for brown spots?
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Q-switched 532 Nd:Yag, and long pulsed alex laser
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Laser gold standard for tatoos?
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Black: Q-switched 1064 Nd: Yag, Q-switched alexandrite, and the Q-switched ruby lasers
Green: Q-switched alexandrite laser Red: Q-switched 532 Nd:Yag laser |
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PUVA stands for?
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Psoralen plus Ultra Violet light, type A
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TORCHES?
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Toxo, Other (VZV, Parvo B19), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex & HIV, Enteroviruses and EBV, Syphilis
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Three MC causes of circumscribed hair loss?
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Alopecia areata, tinea capitis, and trichotillomania
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MC geriatric dermatosis?
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Xerosis (MC cause of pruritis in elderly patients)
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MC specific dermatosis of pregnancy?
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Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy
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What can clinically help distinguish PUPP from Herpes Gestationis?
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umbilical area is preferentially affected in H. gestationis.
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What are some histologic/physiologic differences seen in black skin?
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increased layers of stratum corneum and cohesiveness;
decreased ability to synthesize vitamin D3 |
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MC form of occupational skin disease?
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contact dermatitis
Irritants: 75% of occupationally induced contact dermatitis Allergens: 25% Treatment includes avoidance, protective clothing, mosturizers, and topical steroids |
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What % of dermatology pts have assoc psychological morbidity?
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40%
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Who develops trichotillomania?
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usu young girls, good prognosis;
adults who get it are more likely to have a prolonged course |
