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108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
name the layers of the epidermis
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stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basalis (californias like girls in string bikinis)
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what is the function of the zona occludens?
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prevents diffusion across intracellular spaces
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what is another name for zona occludens
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tight junctions
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what is another name for zona adherens
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intermediate junction
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what is the function of the zona adherens
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surrounds perimeter just below zona occludens
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what is the zona adherens composed of?
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actin filaments and E-cadherin
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what is another name for macula adherens
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desmosome
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what is the purpose of the macula adherens
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small, discrete type of attachment
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what is the macula adherens composed of?
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keratin and desmoplakin
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what is the purpose of gap junctions
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allows adjacent cells to communicate for electrical/metabolic functions
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what is the purpose of integrin
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maintains integrity of basement membrane
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what is the purpose of hemidesmosome
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connect cells to underlying ECM
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flat, nonpalpable lesion of different color than surrounding skin, less than 1 cm
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macule
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flat, nonpalpable lesion of different color than surrounding skin greater than 1 cm
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patch
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small, palpable elevated skin lesion < 1cm
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papule
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palpable, elevated skin lesion >1cm
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plaque
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small fluid contianing blister
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vesicle
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large fluid containing blister
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bulla
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blister w/ pus
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pustule
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dried exudate from vesicle, bulla, pustule
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crust
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increaesd thickenss of stratum corneum
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hyperkeratosis
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increased thickness of stratum corneum with retention of nuclei of keratinocytes
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parakeratosis
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thickening of epidermis
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acanthosis
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epidermal intercellular edema with widening of intercellular spaces
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spongiosis
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separation of epidermal cells from one another, cells float within extracellular fluid
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acantholysis
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accentuation of skin markings by scratching
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lichenification
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inflammatory pruritic skin disorders characterized by allergy, infection, chemical injury
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dermatitis
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pruritic erruptions on flexor surfaces associated with other allergic diseases
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atopic dermatitis
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type of hypersensitivity for atopic dermatitis
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type IV
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type IV HSE reaction with exposure to poison ivy, lesion occurs at site of contact
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allergic contact dermatitis
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acanthosis with parakeratic scaling on kneees and elbow. increased statum spinosum, decreased stratum granulosum
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psoriasis
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associated with severe destructive rheumatoid arthirtis lesions on fingers
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psoriasis
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recurrent pruritic blistering disorder on extensor surfaces
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dermatitis herpatiformis
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what types of deposits are found in dermatitis herpatiformis
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IgA
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what is dermatitis herpatiformis associated with
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celiac disease
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pruritic, purple, polygonal papules with infiltrates of lymphocytes at dermoepidermal junction
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lichen planus
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macules, papules, and vesicles plus target lesions
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erythema multiforme
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common skin hypersensitivity associated with infections, drugs, cancers, autoimmmune diseaes
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erythema multiforme
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high fever, bulla formation, ulceration of skin, high mortality
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stevens-johnson syndrome
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sharply demarcated raised plaque/papule with pasted-on appearance
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seborrheic keratosis
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is seborrheic keratosis benign or malignant?
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benign
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rough, scaling, poorly demarcated plaques
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actinic keratosis
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what causes actinic keratosis?
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sun exposure
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is actinic keratosis pre-malignant?
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yes
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how is risk for cancer corelated with actinic keratosis?
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correlated with degree of epithelial dysplasia
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what type of cancer occurs with actinic keratosis?
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squamous cell carcinoma
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autoimmune disorder with linear band of immunofluorescence along basement membrane
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bullous pemphigoid
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what type of antibody is in bullous pemphigoid?
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IgG
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what is more severe, bullous pemphigoid or pemphigus vulgaris?
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pemphigus vulgaris
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intradermal bullae involving oral mucosa and skin
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pemphigus vulgaris
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what is difference in location of lesion between bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris
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pemphigus vulgaris in oral mucosa + skin
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cells floating in extracellular fluid and immunofluorescence encircling individual epidermal cells
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pemphigus vulgaris
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cadherin that is attacked in pemphigous vulgaris
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demsoglein
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define desmoglein
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cadherin that forms linkages at desmosomes
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what is the most common skin tumor
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basal cell carcinoma
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is metastasis common in squamous cell carcinoma?
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no
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what causes squamous cell carcinoma?
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excessive sunlight exposure
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where is squamous cell carcinoma found?
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sun exposed areas on body
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invasion of dermis by sheets and islands of neoplastic epidermal cells
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squamous cell carcinoma
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lower part of face cancer
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squamous cell carcinoima
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cancer of upper part of face; mostly head and neck
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basal cell carcinoma
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pearly papule with overlying telangiectatic vessels
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basal cell carcinoma
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clusters of darky staining cells with arrangement of nuclei at periphery of clusters
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basal cell carcinoma
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does basal cell carcinoma metastasize?
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no
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cancer of fair skinned people
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melanoma
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cancer with significant risk of metastasis
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melanoma
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what is the major cause of melanoma?
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excessive sunlight
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what factor correlates with metastasis in melanoma?
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depth of tumor
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what is the precursor lesion for melanoma?
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dysplastic nevus
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atypical irregularly pigmented lesion with disorderly proliferation of melanocytes and dermal fibrosis
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dysplastic nevis
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purple-red area on face or neck, ipsilateral glaucoma, hemangiomas in meninges
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sturge-webber
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abnormal proliferation of conncetive tissue following trauma in blacks
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keloids
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thickening of epidermis + hyperpigmentation that can be marker for visceral malignancy
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acanthosis nigricans
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acquired loss of melanocytes with no relatoinship to albinism
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vitiligo
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benign melanoma in kids often confused with malignant melanoma
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spitz nevus
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benign skin tumor in clusters/nests
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nevocellular nevus (common mole)
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umbilicated, dome-shaped papules in kids transmitted by direct contact
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molluscum contagiosum
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melanin synthetic defect of eyes, skin, hair
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oculocutaneous albinism
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genetic skin defect that predisposes to mainly squamous cell carcinoma
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oculocutaneous albinism
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cause of oculocutaneous albinism
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failure of conversion of tyrosine to DOPA.
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poorest progosis of melanoma. mostly vertical growth
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nodular melonoma
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melanoma of black people on hands and feet
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acral-lengitinous melanoma
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name 3 symptoms for sturge-webber
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convulsions, mental retardation, retinal detachment
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where do xanthomas most commonly occur?
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eyelids
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initial presentation = scaling, indurated, ulcerated nodule
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squamous cell carcinoma
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silvery scales
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psoriasis
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sharply demarcated erythematous papules and plaques in a chronic inflammatory process
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psoriasis
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non-pruritic rash on butt with nothing on KOH prep and doesn't respond to topic steroids. patches in triangular configuration.
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pityriasis rosea
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bald spot on head that is wood's light positive
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microsporum canus
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MCC tinea capitis that's wood's light negative
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trycophytan tonsurans
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all superficial dermatophyte infections that have red edge and clear center with hyphae and yeast in KOH prep (except tinea capitus)
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trycophytan rubrum
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organism and disease responsible for pre-AIDS skin lesion w/ redness, yellow/waxy scale plus flaking
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malessezia furfur - seborrheic dermatitis
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most common area of psoriasis
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scalp (people think it's dandruff)
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melanoma in old people that's fawn colored with irregular borders that's least likely to metastasize
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lentigo malignant melanoma
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where is receptor for androgens in skin?
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sebaceous glands
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antibody to epidermal basement membrane protein
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bullous pemphigoid
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autoantibodies to intercellular junctions of epidermal cells
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pemphigus vulgaris
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separation of skin upon manual stroking (nikolsky's sign)
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pemphigus vulgaris
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eosinophils within blisters
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bullous pemphigoid
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HLA associationg with psoriasis arthritis
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HLAB27
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HLA w/ psoriasis w/o arthritis
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HLAB13
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warts commonly found on hands
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verruca vulgaris
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abnormal cells with nests in epidermis but not below
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carcinoma in situ
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coffee colored macules
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cafe au lait spots
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muscles that give rise to goose bumps
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arrector pili
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common shallow singular ulcer in mouth in AIDS
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aphthous ulcer
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common complication of chronic lower leg edema: edema, erythema, mild scaling, brown discoloration, poorly defined edges
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stasis dermatitis
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large golden crusts versus tiny oral vesicles
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impetigo vs HSV1
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