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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cellulitis
cause |
*staph aureus
*group A strep |
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Hidraenitis supprativa
what is it |
chronic follicular occlusion in appocrine glands (axilla, groin, perineum) which cause recurrent abscess leading to permanent scarring
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necrotizing fasciitis
h/p tx |
h/p
*spreads FAST (because infection of FASCIA) - so if stem says skin infection spreading fast then this is it -loss of sensation in involved tissue -fever -crepitus in skin tx -prompt surgical debridement (high mortality) |
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gangrene
types h/p tx |
types
1. dry - due to vascular insufficiency 2. wet - due to infection (CLOSTRIDIUM) h/p -if wet, rotten-smelling skin, skin crepitus -both, severe pain in skin, fever, hypotension tx -prompt surgical debridement -amputation frequently required |
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Impetigo
cause h/p |
cause
*staph aureus *strep pyogenes (group A) h/p *children *yellow crusted lesion around nose or mouth *facial pruritus tx -topical antibiotic -don't share with family member -wash all affected areas |
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Acne vulgaris
cause tx |
cause
*propionibacterium acnes -exogenous testosterone/steroid use in athelete tx *first line = tretinoin (vit A derivative) *second lines are oral or topical antibiotics, benzoil peroxide, *oral Isotretinoin is last resort (high teratogenicity. need to have 2 negative urine pregnancy test and take OCP while on isotretinoin) |
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Herpes special culture used
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Tzanck smear
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Molluscum contagiosum
h/p |
=basically benign, just cosmetic problem
h/p *painless, shiny papule with central umbilication *as name implies, highly contagious tx -self-limiting |
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Tinea versicolor
aka fungus dx |
aka Pityriasis versicolor (its not actually tinea)
fungus *malassezia furfur dx *blue green glow when Wood's lamp shining on it *KOH prep show Spaghetti and Meatball |
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Tineas (true ones - not versicolor)
location lesion dx tx |
Tinea corporis = body = "ring worm"
tinea cruris = jock itch tinea capitis = head tinea unguium = Onychomycosis = nail lesion *central clearing dx -KOH show hyphae tx *capitis and onychomychosis needs to be ORAL (Griseofulvin) *others are topical antifundal like -Azole, Terfinabine, etc |
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Intertrigo
cause dx |
cause
*candida albicans dx -KOH show pseudohyphae |
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Irritant diaper dermatitis vs. Candida diaper dermatitis
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irritant is just well-circumscribed area of erythema. candida has SATELLITE LESIONS, there are little lesions beyond the circumscribed erythema
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Scabies
risk factor h/p tx |
risk factor
*crowded living condition, poor hygiene h/p *classically in webs of fingers and toes *severe itchy tx *Permethrin cream, leave them on for 8 hrs then shower *PO Ivermectin -wash all the clothes with hot water tx |
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Steven-Johnson syndrome vs. Toxic epidermal necrosis
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both allergic reaction to drugs, infection, etc. but TEN worse than Steven-Johnson.
both skin sloughing, but Stevens-Johnson is <10%, TEN is >30% body and FULL-THICKNESS EPIDERMAL necrosis and life threatening both, treated at burn center |
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Seborrheic keratosis
what is it |
benign old people's skin tag
-think its -osis meaning its not -itis, thus not infection, so its benign. the counterpart, dermatitis is -itis |
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Sebhorreic dermatitis
h/p aka |
h/p
*yellow, greasy, scales *itchy aka "Cradle cap" in infants |
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allergic traid
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asthma
allergic rhinitis (rhinorrhea, congestion, allergic shiner, salute sign) allergic dermatitis (eczema) |
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Atopic dermatitis
association h/p |
aka Eczema
association *asthma & allergic rhinitis (makes up allergic triad) h/p *dry skin patches *flexor surface *very itchy |
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Psoriasis
h/p |
h/p
*silvery scale (only condition with this description!!) *extensor surfae -associated with psoriatic arthritis |
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Pityriasis rosea
h/p |
h/p
*rash begins with single lesion, "herald patch" then few days later become generalized into CHRISTMAS TREE pattern -don't confuse with pityriasis versicolor or rosacea |
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Pemphigus vulgaris
what is it h/p |
=autoimmune against adhesion molecules in epidermis
h/p *EASILY RUPTURE bullous *painful and fragile *positive Nikolsky sign (slight rubbing of the skin results in exfoliation of the outermost layer) |
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Bullous pemphgoid
what is it h/p |
=autoimmune against basement membrane (much deeper than pemphigus vulgaris)
*think Bullow (below) pemphigus h/p *Resistant to popping bullous *negative Nikolsky sign (slight rubbing of the skin results in exfoliation of the outermost layer) |
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Porphyria cutanea tarda
what is it h/p |
=disease result from deficiency of hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (enzyme involved in heme metabolism)
h/p *chronic blistering on sun-exposed skin *ruptured blister heal poorly - results in erosion and hyperpigmented skin |
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Actinic keratosis
what is it h/p |
=PRE-CANCEROUS lesion that can progress to Squamous cell carcinoma
h/p *"rough sandpaper lesion" *sun-exposed areas -yellow-brown scale |
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Squamous cell carcinoma
risk facotr h/p |
risk
*sun exposure (UVB!) *actinic keratosis *aresenic exposure (found in earth, may get into drinking water) h/p *scaling or keratinized growth -sun exposed area -painless |
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Basal cell carcinoma
h/p |
h/p
*PEARLY papule *with TELANGIECTASIA *if there is ulcer, ROLLED EDGES -least likely to metastasize |
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Melanoma
types ABCDE (whats the size of D) h/p biopsy tx |
types
1. superficial spreading 2. nodular - grows only vertically 3. acral lentiginous - involve palms, soles, nail bed 4. lentigo maligna - long-lasting in situ stage before vertical growth Asymmetry Border irregular Color variable Diameter greater than 6mm! Evolution h/p *painless, pigmented lesion biopsy *NEVER shave biopsy cuz depth is THE most important prognostic factor in melanoma tx *surgical excision with margin |
