Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Coryell et al |
10% diagnosed with unipolar depression actually have bipolar depression. |
|
|
Keller et al |
"Double depression". 25% suffered two different types simultaneously. |
|
|
Goldburg & Huxley |
Half of depressives who go to their GP with symptoms aren't recognised. |
|
|
Lobbestael et al |
Inter-rater reliability of a structured interview for major depressive disorder (MDD) had moderate inter-rater reliability of 0.66. |
|
|
Kesser |
Chance of a major depressive disorder (MDD) sufferer being co-morbid is 74% and probability of the second disorder being an anxiety disorder is 58%. |
|
|
Blatt and Zuroff |
Appeal for love and security as a result of "losses" in childhood. |
|
|
Lewisohn |
Reduction in reinforcement, from less social activity. |
|
|
Seligman |
Learnt helplessness in dogs who were restrained and shocked. |
|
|
Hiroto and Seligman |
Learnt helplessness in humans with inescapable noise and impossible cognitive puzzle. |
|
|
March et al |
CBT: 48% success in adolescents. Combined: 73% (12 weeks) and 86% (36 weeks). |
|
|
Bennett |
MAOI's effective in 50% cases |
|
|
MAOI's |
Increase availability of noradreneline and serotonin. For severe depression. Bad side effects. |
|
|
Tricyclics |
Block mechanisms which reabsorb noradreneline and serotonin so more is available to stimulate the neighboring cell. |
|
|
SSRI's |
Prevent absorption of serotonin. |
|
|
Kirsch et al |
Only effective in severe depression; only effective to restore severe imbalances? |
|
|
Ferguson |
SSRI takers are twice as likely to commit suicide (in particular in adolescents). |
|
|
Barbui |
Reduces suicide in elderly patients. |
|
|
Papakostas |
No significant different between SSRI's and non-SSRI's. |
|
|
Derubis |
60% success rate in first treatment, decreases to 20% if patient has already tried drug therapy. |
|
|
ECT |
Electrodes (either bilateral or unilateral). Anesthetized and injected with nerve blocking agent, oxygen provided. 0.6 AMPS for 0.5 second, produces seizure for a minute. 3-15 sessions up to 3 times a week. |
|
|
Sackheim & Rush |
ECT effective in extreme cases but how it works is unclear. Regulate brain's ability to regulate mood, reset NT's, increase blood flow, negative reinforcement? |
|
|
Datto |
Common side effects: headaches, impaired memory and cardiovascular problems. |
|
|
Rose et al |
1/3rd suffered persistent memory impairment; improve by using unilateral instead of bilateral. |
|
|
Sackheim |
Unilateral has less cognitive problems than bilateral. |
|
|
Gregory |
More effective than "sham" ECT. |
