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192 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Abrasion
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Loss of tooth structure caused by a hard
toothbrush, poor brushing technique, or Bruxism |
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Abscess
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An infection of the
tooth, soft tissue or bone |
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Abutment
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The tooth or teeth that support a fixed or
removable bridge |
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Adhesive Dentistry
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Contemporary term for
dental restoration that involves bonding of composite resin or porcelain fillings to natural teeth |
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Air abrasion
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Removal of teeth structure by blasting a tooth with air and abrasive, a relatively new technology that may avoid the need for anesthetic
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Allergy
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An unfavorable systemic reaction to a foreign substance or drug
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Alveolor Bone
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The jaw bone that anchors the roots of the teeth
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Amalgam
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A most common filling material, a.k.a silver fillings containing approximately 50% of mercury, silver, tin, copper or zinc
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Analgesia
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A state of pain relief, an agent lessening pain
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Anesthesia
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Partial or complete elimination of pain sensation; numbing a tooth is an example of local anesthetic; general anesthetic produces partial or complete unconsciousness
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Anterior Teeth
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The six upper or six lower front teeth
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Antibiotic
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A drug that stops or slows the growth of bacteria
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Anug (Acronym)
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Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis, commonly known as trench mouth or Vincent's disease, aggravated by stress and/or smoking
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Apex
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The tip of the root of a tooth
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Apicoectomy
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Surgical removal of the root tip to treat a dead tooth
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Arch
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Describes the alignment of the upper or lower teeth
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Attrition
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Loss of structure due to natural wear
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Base
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Cement placed under a dental restoration to insulate the pulp (nerve chamber)
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Bifurcation
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Juncture of two roots in posterior teeth
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Trifurcation
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Juncture of three roots in posterior teeth
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Biopsy
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Removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic examination
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Bite
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Relationship of the upper and lower teeth on closure (occulation)
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Bite Wings
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Caries (decay) detection via x-ray
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Black hairy tongue
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Elongated papillae on the tongue, promoting the growth of microorganisms
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Bleaching
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Chemical or laser treatment of natural teeth for whitening effect
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Block injection
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Anesthesia of a nerve trunk that covers a large area of the jaw; a mandibular block injection produces numbness of the lower jaw , teeth and half the tongue
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Bonding
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Adhesive dental restoration technique; a tooth colored composite resin to repair and/or change the color or shape of a tooth
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Bone Resorption
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Decrease in bone supporting the roots of tooth; a common result of periodontal disease
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Braces
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Devices used by orthodontics to gradually reposition teeth to a more favorable alignment
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Bridge
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Stationary dental prosthesis (appliance) fixed to teeth adjacent to a space; replaces one or more missing teeth, cemented or bonded to supporting teeth or implants adjacent to the space
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Bruxism
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Grinding of the teeth, most commonly while the patient is asleep
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Bruxomania
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Persistent "nervous" grinding of the teeth, most commonly while the patient is awake
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Calcium
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Chemical element needed for healthy teeth, bones and nerves
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Calculus
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Hard residue, commonly known as tarter, that forms on teeth due to inadequate plaque control, often stained yellow or brown
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Canker Sore
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Mouth sore appearing whitish, often with a red halo, of ten to fourteen day duration
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Cantilever Bridge
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Fixed bridge that attaches to adjacent teeth only on one end
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Cap
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Common term for dental crown
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Caries
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Tooth decay or cavities
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Cast or model
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Reproduction of structures made by pouring plaster or stone into a mold
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Cavitron
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Dental tool that uses high frequency ultrasonic waves to clean teeth
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Cellulitis
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Soft tissue infection causing extensive, hard swelling - a potentially dangerous condition requiring medical attention
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Cementum
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Hard tissue that covers the roots of the teeth
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Chart
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Log of dental or medical records
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Clasp
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Device that retains a removable partial denture to stationary teeth
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Cleaning
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Removal of plaque and calculus from teeth, generally above the gum line
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Composite Resin
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Material composed of plastic with small glass or ceramic particles; usually cured with filtered light or chemical catalyst
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Cosmetic (aesthetic) Dentistry
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Treatment performed to enhance appearance; not a recognized specialty
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CPR
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation - Artifical procedures employes by a rescuer after cessation of breathing or heart stoppage
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Cross Bite
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Reverse biting relationship of upper and lower teeth; a.k.a under bite or Class III malocclusion
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Crown
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Dental restoration covering all or most of the natural tooth
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Curretage
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Removal of diseased tissue from a periodintal pocket
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Cusp
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Mound on posterior teeth
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Cyst
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A soft or hard tissue sac, hard or filled with fluid
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DDS
DMD |
Doctor of Dental Surgery
Doctor of Medical Dentistry Both of these are equivalent to the other |
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Decay
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Destruction of tooth structure caused by toxins produced by bacteria
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Deciduous Teeth
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The first set of 20 teeth, usually called baby teeth
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Dentin
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Inner layer of tooth structure, immediately under the surface enamel
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Dental Implant
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A titanium cylinder surgically placed in the bone of the upper or lower jaw to provide support for a dentak restoration or appliance
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Dentition
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The arrangement of natural or artifical teeth in the mouth
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Denture
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Removable set of artifical teeth (can be partial or complete set)
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Denturism
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The production of dentures dispensed directly by lab techs
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Diastema
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Space between teeth
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Enamel
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Hard tissue covering the portion of the tooth above the gum line
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Endodontist
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Specialist who treats injuries, diseases and infection of the tooth pulp (nerve chamber)
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Epidemiology
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Study of the incidence of disease in a population
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Eruption
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Process of teeth protruding through the gums
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Exfoliate
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Process of shedding deciduoud teeth
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Exodontia
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Practice of dental extractions
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Explorer
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Sharp instrument used to detect decay on the surface of teeth
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Extraction
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Removal of teeth
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Facing
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Tooth colored overlay on the visible portion of a crown, may be acrylic, composite o porcelain
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FAGD (Acrynym)
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Fellowship Academy of General Dentistry
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Filling
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Restoration of lost tooth structure with metal, porcelain or resin materials
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Fistula
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Channel emanating pus from an infection site; a gum boil
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Flap Surgery
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Lifting of gum tissue to expose and clean underlying tooth and bone structure
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Freeway Space
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Distance between the upper and lower teeth with the lower jaw in rest position
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Forceps
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Instrument used for removal of teeth
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Forensic Dentistry
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Practice of gathering legal evidence for body identification or judicial issues
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Fossa
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Valley found on the surface of posterior teeth
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Full Denture
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Removable dental prosthesis replacing all upper or lower teeth
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Full mouth reconstruction
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Removal or reshaping of thin muscle tissue that attaches the upper or lower lips to the gum, or the tongue to the floor of the mouth.
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GTR (acronym)
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Guided tissue regeneration - A new technique for replacing bone tissue
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Genral Anesthesia
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Controlled state of unconsciousness, accompanied by a partial or complete loss of pain sensation, protective reflexes, and the ability to respond purposefully to physical stimulation or verbal command
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Geographic tongue
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Benign changes in the usual color and texture of tongue; does not require treatment
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Gingiva
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Gum tissue
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Gingivectomy
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Surgical removal of gum tissue
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Gingivitis
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Inflammation of gum tissue
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Gum recession
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Exposure of dental roots due to shrinkage of the gums as a result of abrasion, periodontal disease or surgery
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Halitosis
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Bad breath of oral or gastrointestinal origin
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Heimlich maneuver
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Technique employed by rescuer for obstruction of victims airway
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Hematoma
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Swelling of effused blood beneath tissue surface
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HMO
DMO |
Health Maintenance Organization/Dental Maintenance Organization which specifies a health care provider(s) that a patient may see.
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Hydrogen Peroxide
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Disinfecting solution used in dental irrigation procedures or as a mouth rinse
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Hygientist
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Dental auxillary who cleans teeth and provides patient education; administers local anesthetic, nitrous oxide and performs periodontal scaling
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Hyperemia
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Increased blood flow; may cause dental sensitivity to temperature and sweets, may precede an abcess
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Impaction
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Partial or completely unexposed tooth that is wedged against another tooth, bone, soft tissue, precluding the eruption process
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Implant
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Artificial device replacing tooth root, may anchor an artificial tooth, bridge or denture
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Impression
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Mold made of the teeth and soft tissues
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Incision and drainage
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Surgical incision of an abcess to drain suppuration (pus)
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Infilteration
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Local anesthetic procedure effective for upper teeth and soft tissue; placement of anesthetic under the gum, allowing it to seep into the bone
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Inlay
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Indirect - filling made by a denta lab that is cemented o bonded into place
Direct - placement of dental composite resin restoration at chairside |
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Interproximal
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Surfaces of adjoining teeth
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Interocclusal
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Space between upper and lower teeth
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Intraoral camera
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A small video camera used to view and magnify oral conditions; images may be printed
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Jacket
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Crown for a front tooth, usually made of porcelain
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Laminate
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Thin plastic or porcelain veneer produced in a dental lab and then bonded to a tooth
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Laughing gas
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Nitrous oxide; odorless inhalation agent that produces relative analgesic
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Lesion
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Injury of bodily tissue due to infection, trauma or neoplasm
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Malocclusion
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"Bad bite" or misalignment of the upper and lower teeth
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Mandible
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The lower jaw
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Margin
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Interface between a restoration and tooth structure
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MAGD (acronym)
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Masters Academy of General Dentistry
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Maryland bridge
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A bridge that is bonded to the back of the adjacent teeth; requires minimum tooth reduction
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Mastication
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Process of chewing food
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Maxilla
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The upper jaw
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Meniscus
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Capsular cushion between temporomandibular joint and glenoid fossa
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Milk teeth
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Deciduous teeth
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Moniliasis
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Opportunistic fungal injection after administration of antibiotic; not uncommon in the mouth
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Mucogingivial junction
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Meeting of thick, protective gingivial tissue around the teeth and the friable muccous lining of the cheeks and lips
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NSAID (acronym)
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Non sterodial anti inflammatory drug
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Nerve
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Tissue that conveys sensation
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Nerve Canal
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Dental pulp; the internal chamber of the tooth
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Night guard
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Acrylic applicance used to prevent wear and temporomandibular damage caused by grinding of the teeth during sleep
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Novacain
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Older brand name for local anesthetic, currently replaced by safer, more effective agents
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Onlay
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Lab produced restoration covering one or more cusps of a tooth
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Oral and
maxillofacial surgeon |
A dental specialist who manages the diagnosis & surgical treatment of diseases, injuries and deformities of the mouth and supporting structures
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Oral cavity
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The mouth
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Oral hygiene
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Process of maintaining cleanliness of the teeth and related structures
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Oral pathologist
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Dentist studying in the study of oral diseases
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Osseous
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Boney
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Overbite
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Vertical overlap of the front teeth
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Overdenture
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Denture that fits over residual roots or dental implants
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Overjet
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Horizontal overlap of the front teeth
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Palate
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Hard and soft tissue forming the roof of the mouth
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Palliative treatment
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Non invasive relief of irritating conditions
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Periapical
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Region at the end of the roots of the teeth
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Periodontal surgery
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Reconturing or esthetic management of diseased gum and supporting tissue
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Periodontist
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Dental specialist treating the gums and supporting soft and hard tissues retaining natural teeth and the surgical placement of dental implants
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Periodontal chart
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Record measuring the depth of gum pockets around the teeth
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Permanent teeth
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32 adult teeth in a complete dentition
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Pit
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A small defect in the tooth enamel; junction of four formative lobes of a developing tooth
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Placebo
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Inert medication or treatment that produces psychological benefit
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Plaque
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Soft sticky substance that accumulates on teeth; composed of bacteria and food debris due to inadequate dental hygiene
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Pontic
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Replacement tooth mounted on a fixed or removable prosthesis
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Porcelain crown
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All porcelain restoration covering the coronal portion of tooth (above gum line)
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Porcelain fused to metal crown (PFM)
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Restoration with metal coping (for strength) covered by porcelain (for appearance)
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Post
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Thin metal rod inserted into the root of a tooth after root canal therapy; provides retention for a "coping" that replaces lost tooth structure and retains crown
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Post core
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Post and buildup to replace lost tooth structure and retain crown
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Post crown
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Single structure that combines post core and crown
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Prognosis
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The anticipated outcome of treatment
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Prophylaxis
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Cleaningof the teeth for the prevention of periodontal disease and tooth decay
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Prosthesis
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An artificial appliance for the replacement for a body part
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Prosthodontist
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Dental specialist skilled in restoring or replacing teeth with fixed or removable prosthesis, maintaining proper occlusion; treats facial deformities with artificial prosthesis such as eyes, ears and noses
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Pulp
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Th nerves, blood vessels and connective tissue inside of a tooth
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Pulp cap
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A medicated covering over a small area of exposed pulp tissue
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Pulp chamber
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The center or innermost portion of the tooth containing the pulp
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Pulpectomy
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Complete removal of the pulp (common in children)
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Pulpitis
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Inflammation of the pulp, common cause of the toothache
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Pulpotomy
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Partial removal of pulp tissue
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Pyorrhea
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Older term for periodontal disease
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Reimplantation
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Insertion and temporary fixation of partially or completely avulsed tooth or teeth, resulting from traumatic injury
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Reline
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Acrylic restoration of denture base to compensate for bone loss
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Restoration
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Replacement of portion of a damaged tooth
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Retained root
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Partial root structure remaining in jaw extraction or fracture of a natural tooth
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Root
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Tooth structure that connects the tooth to the jaw
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Root canal
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Common term for root canal therapy, also the interior space of the tooth root
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Root canal therapy
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Process of removing pulp of a tooth and filling it with an inert material
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Root resection
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Removal of a portion of diseased root structure, rataining the natural tooth
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Rubber dam
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Soft latex sheet used to establish isolation of one or more teeth from contamination by oral fluids and to keep materials from falling to the back of the throat
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Saliva
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Clear lubricating fluid in the mouth containing water, enzymes, bacteria, mucus, viruses, blood cells and undigested food particles
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Saliva ejector
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Suction tube placed in mouth to remove saliva
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Salivary glands
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Located under the tongue and in the cheeks to produce saliva
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Scaling and root planning
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meticulous removal of plaque and calculus from tooth surfaces
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Sealants
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Thin resin material bonded in the pits and fissures of back teeth for the prevention of decay
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Secondary dentin
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Reparitive tooth structure produced by the pulp in response to tooth irritation
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Sequstrum
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Loosened spicule of bone pushed to the surface
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Sinusitis
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Inflammation of the sinus cavity that may mimic dental pain
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Space maintainer
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Dental device that holds the space lost through premature loss of baby teeth
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Splint
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Connection of two or more teeth so that they function as a stronger single structure
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Supernumerary tooth
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Extra tooth
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Suppuration
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Bacterial contamination of tissue exudate; pus
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TMD (acronym)
a.k.a TMJ disorder |
Temperomandibular disorder; term given to a condition characterized by facial pain and restricted ability to open or move the jaw
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TMJ
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The temperomandibular joint, the point where the lower jaw attaches to the skull
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Tooth bud
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Early embryonic structure that becomes a tooth
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Tooth whitening
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A chemical or laser process to lighten the color of the teeth
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Topical anesthetic
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Ointment that produces mild anesthesia when applied to tissue surface
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Torus
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Common bony protuberance on the palate or lower jaw
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Transplant
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Placing a natural tooth in the empty socket of another tooth
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Trench mouth
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Gum disease characterized by severe mouth sores and loss of tissue
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Unerupted tooth
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A tooth that has not pushed through the gum and assumed it correct position in the dental arch
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Vertical dimension
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Arbitrary space between upper and lower jaws upon closure; may decrease over time due to wear, shifting or damage to teeth
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Xerostomia
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Dry mouth or decrease in the production of saliva
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