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192 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Abrasion
Loss of tooth structure caused by a hard
toothbrush, poor brushing technique, or Bruxism
Abscess
An infection of the
tooth, soft tissue or bone
Abutment
The tooth or teeth that support a fixed or
removable bridge
Adhesive Dentistry
Contemporary term for
dental restoration that involves bonding of composite resin or
porcelain fillings to natural teeth
Air abrasion
Removal of teeth structure by blasting a tooth with air and abrasive, a relatively new technology that may avoid the need for anesthetic
Allergy
An unfavorable systemic reaction to a foreign substance or drug
Alveolor Bone
The jaw bone that anchors the roots of the teeth
Amalgam
A most common filling material, a.k.a silver fillings containing approximately 50% of mercury, silver, tin, copper or zinc
Analgesia
A state of pain relief, an agent lessening pain
Anesthesia
Partial or complete elimination of pain sensation; numbing a tooth is an example of local anesthetic; general anesthetic produces partial or complete unconsciousness
Anterior Teeth
The six upper or six lower front teeth
Antibiotic
A drug that stops or slows the growth of bacteria
Anug (Acronym)
Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis, commonly known as trench mouth or Vincent's disease, aggravated by stress and/or smoking
Apex
The tip of the root of a tooth
Apicoectomy
Surgical removal of the root tip to treat a dead tooth
Arch
Describes the alignment of the upper or lower teeth
Attrition
Loss of structure due to natural wear
Base
Cement placed under a dental restoration to insulate the pulp (nerve chamber)
Bifurcation
Juncture of two roots in posterior teeth
Trifurcation
Juncture of three roots in posterior teeth
Biopsy
Removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic examination
Bite
Relationship of the upper and lower teeth on closure (occulation)
Bite Wings
Caries (decay) detection via x-ray
Black hairy tongue
Elongated papillae on the tongue, promoting the growth of microorganisms
Bleaching
Chemical or laser treatment of natural teeth for whitening effect
Block injection
Anesthesia of a nerve trunk that covers a large area of the jaw; a mandibular block injection produces numbness of the lower jaw , teeth and half the tongue
Bonding
Adhesive dental restoration technique; a tooth colored composite resin to repair and/or change the color or shape of a tooth
Bone Resorption
Decrease in bone supporting the roots of tooth; a common result of periodontal disease
Braces
Devices used by orthodontics to gradually reposition teeth to a more favorable alignment
Bridge
Stationary dental prosthesis (appliance) fixed to teeth adjacent to a space; replaces one or more missing teeth, cemented or bonded to supporting teeth or implants adjacent to the space
Bruxism
Grinding of the teeth, most commonly while the patient is asleep
Bruxomania
Persistent "nervous" grinding of the teeth, most commonly while the patient is awake
Calcium
Chemical element needed for healthy teeth, bones and nerves
Calculus
Hard residue, commonly known as tarter, that forms on teeth due to inadequate plaque control, often stained yellow or brown
Canker Sore
Mouth sore appearing whitish, often with a red halo, of ten to fourteen day duration
Cantilever Bridge
Fixed bridge that attaches to adjacent teeth only on one end
Cap
Common term for dental crown
Caries
Tooth decay or cavities
Cast or model
Reproduction of structures made by pouring plaster or stone into a mold
Cavitron
Dental tool that uses high frequency ultrasonic waves to clean teeth
Cellulitis
Soft tissue infection causing extensive, hard swelling - a potentially dangerous condition requiring medical attention
Cementum
Hard tissue that covers the roots of the teeth
Chart
Log of dental or medical records
Clasp
Device that retains a removable partial denture to stationary teeth
Cleaning
Removal of plaque and calculus from teeth, generally above the gum line
Composite Resin
Material composed of plastic with small glass or ceramic particles; usually cured with filtered light or chemical catalyst
Cosmetic (aesthetic) Dentistry
Treatment performed to enhance appearance; not a recognized specialty
CPR
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation - Artifical procedures employes by a rescuer after cessation of breathing or heart stoppage
Cross Bite
Reverse biting relationship of upper and lower teeth; a.k.a under bite or Class III malocclusion
Crown
Dental restoration covering all or most of the natural tooth
Curretage
Removal of diseased tissue from a periodintal pocket
Cusp
Mound on posterior teeth
Cyst
A soft or hard tissue sac, hard or filled with fluid
DDS
DMD
Doctor of Dental Surgery
Doctor of Medical Dentistry

Both of these are equivalent to the other
Decay
Destruction of tooth structure caused by toxins produced by bacteria
Deciduous Teeth
The first set of 20 teeth, usually called baby teeth
Dentin
Inner layer of tooth structure, immediately under the surface enamel
Dental Implant
A titanium cylinder surgically placed in the bone of the upper or lower jaw to provide support for a dentak restoration or appliance
Dentition
The arrangement of natural or artifical teeth in the mouth
Denture
Removable set of artifical teeth (can be partial or complete set)
Denturism
The production of dentures dispensed directly by lab techs
Diastema
Space between teeth
Enamel
Hard tissue covering the portion of the tooth above the gum line
Endodontist
Specialist who treats injuries, diseases and infection of the tooth pulp (nerve chamber)
Epidemiology
Study of the incidence of disease in a population
Eruption
Process of teeth protruding through the gums
Exfoliate
Process of shedding deciduoud teeth
Exodontia
Practice of dental extractions
Explorer
Sharp instrument used to detect decay on the surface of teeth
Extraction
Removal of teeth
Facing
Tooth colored overlay on the visible portion of a crown, may be acrylic, composite o porcelain
FAGD (Acrynym)
Fellowship Academy of General Dentistry
Filling
Restoration of lost tooth structure with metal, porcelain or resin materials
Fistula
Channel emanating pus from an infection site; a gum boil
Flap Surgery
Lifting of gum tissue to expose and clean underlying tooth and bone structure
Freeway Space
Distance between the upper and lower teeth with the lower jaw in rest position
Forceps
Instrument used for removal of teeth
Forensic Dentistry
Practice of gathering legal evidence for body identification or judicial issues
Fossa
Valley found on the surface of posterior teeth
Full Denture
Removable dental prosthesis replacing all upper or lower teeth
Full mouth reconstruction
Removal or reshaping of thin muscle tissue that attaches the upper or lower lips to the gum, or the tongue to the floor of the mouth.
GTR (acronym)
Guided tissue regeneration - A new technique for replacing bone tissue
Genral Anesthesia
Controlled state of unconsciousness, accompanied by a partial or complete loss of pain sensation, protective reflexes, and the ability to respond purposefully to physical stimulation or verbal command
Geographic tongue
Benign changes in the usual color and texture of tongue; does not require treatment
Gingiva
Gum tissue
Gingivectomy
Surgical removal of gum tissue
Gingivitis
Inflammation of gum tissue
Gum recession
Exposure of dental roots due to shrinkage of the gums as a result of abrasion, periodontal disease or surgery
Halitosis
Bad breath of oral or gastrointestinal origin
Heimlich maneuver
Technique employed by rescuer for obstruction of victims airway
Hematoma
Swelling of effused blood beneath tissue surface
HMO
DMO
Health Maintenance Organization/Dental Maintenance Organization which specifies a health care provider(s) that a patient may see.
Hydrogen Peroxide
Disinfecting solution used in dental irrigation procedures or as a mouth rinse
Hygientist
Dental auxillary who cleans teeth and provides patient education; administers local anesthetic, nitrous oxide and performs periodontal scaling
Hyperemia
Increased blood flow; may cause dental sensitivity to temperature and sweets, may precede an abcess
Impaction
Partial or completely unexposed tooth that is wedged against another tooth, bone, soft tissue, precluding the eruption process
Implant
Artificial device replacing tooth root, may anchor an artificial tooth, bridge or denture
Impression
Mold made of the teeth and soft tissues
Incision and drainage
Surgical incision of an abcess to drain suppuration (pus)
Infilteration
Local anesthetic procedure effective for upper teeth and soft tissue; placement of anesthetic under the gum, allowing it to seep into the bone
Inlay
Indirect - filling made by a denta lab that is cemented o bonded into place
Direct - placement of dental composite resin restoration at chairside
Interproximal
Surfaces of adjoining teeth
Interocclusal
Space between upper and lower teeth
Intraoral camera
A small video camera used to view and magnify oral conditions; images may be printed
Jacket
Crown for a front tooth, usually made of porcelain
Laminate
Thin plastic or porcelain veneer produced in a dental lab and then bonded to a tooth
Laughing gas
Nitrous oxide; odorless inhalation agent that produces relative analgesic
Lesion
Injury of bodily tissue due to infection, trauma or neoplasm
Malocclusion
"Bad bite" or misalignment of the upper and lower teeth
Mandible
The lower jaw
Margin
Interface between a restoration and tooth structure
MAGD (acronym)
Masters Academy of General Dentistry
Maryland bridge
A bridge that is bonded to the back of the adjacent teeth; requires minimum tooth reduction
Mastication
Process of chewing food
Maxilla
The upper jaw
Meniscus
Capsular cushion between temporomandibular joint and glenoid fossa
Milk teeth
Deciduous teeth
Moniliasis
Opportunistic fungal injection after administration of antibiotic; not uncommon in the mouth
Mucogingivial junction
Meeting of thick, protective gingivial tissue around the teeth and the friable muccous lining of the cheeks and lips
NSAID (acronym)
Non sterodial anti inflammatory drug
Nerve
Tissue that conveys sensation
Nerve Canal
Dental pulp; the internal chamber of the tooth
Night guard
Acrylic applicance used to prevent wear and temporomandibular damage caused by grinding of the teeth during sleep
Novacain
Older brand name for local anesthetic, currently replaced by safer, more effective agents
Onlay
Lab produced restoration covering one or more cusps of a tooth
Oral and
maxillofacial surgeon
A dental specialist who manages the diagnosis & surgical treatment of diseases, injuries and deformities of the mouth and supporting structures
Oral cavity
The mouth
Oral hygiene
Process of maintaining cleanliness of the teeth and related structures
Oral pathologist
Dentist studying in the study of oral diseases
Osseous
Boney
Overbite
Vertical overlap of the front teeth
Overdenture
Denture that fits over residual roots or dental implants
Overjet
Horizontal overlap of the front teeth
Palate
Hard and soft tissue forming the roof of the mouth
Palliative treatment
Non invasive relief of irritating conditions
Periapical
Region at the end of the roots of the teeth
Periodontal surgery
Reconturing or esthetic management of diseased gum and supporting tissue
Periodontist
Dental specialist treating the gums and supporting soft and hard tissues retaining natural teeth and the surgical placement of dental implants
Periodontal chart
Record measuring the depth of gum pockets around the teeth
Permanent teeth
32 adult teeth in a complete dentition
Pit
A small defect in the tooth enamel; junction of four formative lobes of a developing tooth
Placebo
Inert medication or treatment that produces psychological benefit
Plaque
Soft sticky substance that accumulates on teeth; composed of bacteria and food debris due to inadequate dental hygiene
Pontic
Replacement tooth mounted on a fixed or removable prosthesis
Porcelain crown
All porcelain restoration covering the coronal portion of tooth (above gum line)
Porcelain fused to metal crown (PFM)
Restoration with metal coping (for strength) covered by porcelain (for appearance)
Post
Thin metal rod inserted into the root of a tooth after root canal therapy; provides retention for a "coping" that replaces lost tooth structure and retains crown
Post core
Post and buildup to replace lost tooth structure and retain crown
Post crown
Single structure that combines post core and crown
Prognosis
The anticipated outcome of treatment
Prophylaxis
Cleaningof the teeth for the prevention of periodontal disease and tooth decay
Prosthesis
An artificial appliance for the replacement for a body part
Prosthodontist
Dental specialist skilled in restoring or replacing teeth with fixed or removable prosthesis, maintaining proper occlusion; treats facial deformities with artificial prosthesis such as eyes, ears and noses
Pulp
Th nerves, blood vessels and connective tissue inside of a tooth
Pulp cap
A medicated covering over a small area of exposed pulp tissue
Pulp chamber
The center or innermost portion of the tooth containing the pulp
Pulpectomy
Complete removal of the pulp (common in children)
Pulpitis
Inflammation of the pulp, common cause of the toothache
Pulpotomy
Partial removal of pulp tissue
Pyorrhea
Older term for periodontal disease
Reimplantation
Insertion and temporary fixation of partially or completely avulsed tooth or teeth, resulting from traumatic injury
Reline
Acrylic restoration of denture base to compensate for bone loss
Restoration
Replacement of portion of a damaged tooth
Retained root
Partial root structure remaining in jaw extraction or fracture of a natural tooth
Root
Tooth structure that connects the tooth to the jaw
Root canal
Common term for root canal therapy, also the interior space of the tooth root
Root canal therapy
Process of removing pulp of a tooth and filling it with an inert material
Root resection
Removal of a portion of diseased root structure, rataining the natural tooth
Rubber dam
Soft latex sheet used to establish isolation of one or more teeth from contamination by oral fluids and to keep materials from falling to the back of the throat
Saliva
Clear lubricating fluid in the mouth containing water, enzymes, bacteria, mucus, viruses, blood cells and undigested food particles
Saliva ejector
Suction tube placed in mouth to remove saliva
Salivary glands
Located under the tongue and in the cheeks to produce saliva
Scaling and root planning
meticulous removal of plaque and calculus from tooth surfaces
Sealants
Thin resin material bonded in the pits and fissures of back teeth for the prevention of decay
Secondary dentin
Reparitive tooth structure produced by the pulp in response to tooth irritation
Sequstrum
Loosened spicule of bone pushed to the surface
Sinusitis
Inflammation of the sinus cavity that may mimic dental pain
Space maintainer
Dental device that holds the space lost through premature loss of baby teeth
Splint
Connection of two or more teeth so that they function as a stronger single structure
Supernumerary tooth
Extra tooth
Suppuration
Bacterial contamination of tissue exudate; pus
TMD (acronym)
a.k.a TMJ disorder
Temperomandibular disorder; term given to a condition characterized by facial pain and restricted ability to open or move the jaw
TMJ
The temperomandibular joint, the point where the lower jaw attaches to the skull
Tooth bud
Early embryonic structure that becomes a tooth
Tooth whitening
A chemical or laser process to lighten the color of the teeth
Topical anesthetic
Ointment that produces mild anesthesia when applied to tissue surface
Torus
Common bony protuberance on the palate or lower jaw
Transplant
Placing a natural tooth in the empty socket of another tooth
Trench mouth
Gum disease characterized by severe mouth sores and loss of tissue
Unerupted tooth
A tooth that has not pushed through the gum and assumed it correct position in the dental arch
Vertical dimension
Arbitrary space between upper and lower jaws upon closure; may decrease over time due to wear, shifting or damage to teeth
Xerostomia
Dry mouth or decrease in the production of saliva