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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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General mechanism
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a) inactivate Na+ channels
b) promote GABA inhibition |
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Phenobarbital
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barbiturate/anticonvulsant. Engage GABA,
delay Cl- channel closure. Raise firing threshold -Sedation and nystagmus |
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Phenytoin
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slow recovery of Na+ channels from inactive state
-Gingival hyperplasia, hyperglycemia, osteomalacia, drowsiness -Hepatic necrosis, nystagmus, diplopia, hypersensitivity rxn, rashes -CYP2C9/10 and 19 -Interactions with oral contraceptives, warfarin |
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Carbamazepine
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blocks Na+ channels
-For trigeminal neuralgia -Causes aplastic anemia |
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Ethosuximide
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blocks t-type Ca++ current in thalamic neurons, nonconvulsive seizures
-Hiccups |
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Trimethadione
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blocks t-type ca++ currents, for nonconvulsive seizures
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Valproic acid/divalproex
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fatty acid with anticonvulsant properties. All types of epilepsy
-Fatal hepatitis |
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Gabapentin
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analogue of GABA. Block N-type Ca++ channels? Decrease synaptic release of glu
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Topiramate
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monosaccharide. Block Na+ channels, hyperpolarize via K+ current
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Felbamate
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partial seizures, potentiate GABA, block NMDA receptor
-Aplastic anemia and hepatitis |
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Lamotrigine
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adjunct, inactivate Na+ channels
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Tiagabine
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inhibits GABA transporter GAT-1 (reuptake)
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Zonisamide
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sulfanomide derivative, block of Na+ and voltage gated Ca++ channels, inhibits CA
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Levetiracetam
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partial seizures, binds to SV2A to modify GABA/glu release. No interation with P450
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Acetazolamide
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inhibit CA (also diuretic)
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Diazepam
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used to treat status epilepticus
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