Dental Materials Test 1

Front 1

what is the science surrounding the study and development of the materials used to restore and replace oral tissues?

Back 1

Dental materials

Front 2

___ is a device or component used to replace tooth structure

Back 2

Restoration - device or component used to replace tooth structure

Front 3

_______ nontoxic; nonirritating; no allergenic

Back 3

Biocompatible: nontoxic; nonirritating; no allergenic

Front 4

___ ____ and ____: strong; fracture resistant; stiff

Back 4

mechanically stable and durable: strong; fracture resistant; stiff

Front 5

___ to ____: does not deteriorate overtime

Back 5

resistant to corrosion: does not deteriorate overtime

Front 6

___ ___ not effective very much by temperature change or solvent

Back 6

dimensionally stable: not effective very much by temperature change or solvent

Front 7

____ ____: serve as a good insulator, metals high conductor, ceramic low conductor

Back 7

minimally conductive: serve as a good insulator, metals high conductor, ceramic low conductor

Front 8

_____: pretty have appearance like oral tissue would have (oral tissue appearance)

Back 8

esthetic: pretty have appearance like oral tissue would have (oral tissue appearance)

Front 9

___ to ___: placement and finishing with reasonable time and effort

Back 9

easy to manipulate: placement and finishing with reasonable time and effort

Front 10

___ to ___: (good seal) provide durable, tight union for retention and sealing

Back 10

adherent to tissue: (good seal) provide durable, tight union for retention and sealing

Front 11

___ and ___: so it’s not unpleasant to patient or irritating

Back 11

tasteless and odorless: so it’s not unpleasant to patient or irritating

Front 12

___ and ___: pt needs something that can be maintain and fixed

Back 12

1cleanable and repairable: pt needs something that can be maintain and fixed

Front 13

___ ___: need to be in patient budget

Back 13

1cost effective: need to be in patient budget

Front 14

Who regulates dental standards/specifications; under this agency it's must meet: I. good manufacturing practice (least regulated prophy paste) II. Meet performance standards (compsite or amg) III. ensure safety and efficacy (premarket approval and summit clinical data ex: implants and bone grafts)

Back 14

Regulated by FDA
Classification:I. good manufacturing practice (least regulated prophy paste) II. Meet performance standards (compsite or amg) III. ensure safety and efficacy (premarket approval and summit clinical data ex: implants and bone grafts)

Front 15

Who will be on the council of scientific affairs and has it's OWN STANDARD, GUIDELINES?

Back 15

Council on scientific affairs ADA
-evaluates dental drugs and materials
-own standards, guidelines
-award ADA Seal of Acceptance
-Manufacture has to summit a lot of data to ADA and once it’s awarded the seal only last 3 years… this is very costly

Front 16

Who is in charge of attempting to unify the standards in dental? what do the CE marking means?

Back 16

International Standards Organization
-attempts to unify standards
-CE marking “Conformite Europeene”

Front 17

Classes of Materials ___
-___thermal and electrical conductivity
-ductile:
-opaque:
-luster:
-solid:
-strong bond/crystalline:
-metallic bond:
-not esthetic:

Back 17

Classes of Materials: Metals
-high thermal and electrical conductivity (think metal electrical wiring used)
-ductile: bend easily
-opaque: on radiograph
-luster: high shine and reflects light
-solid at room temperature
-strong bond/crystalline: regular arrangement of atoms
-metallic bond: high strength that holds atoms together cause metal to have high melting temp
-not esthetic (amalgam)

Front 18

Classes of Materials ____
-____electrical and thermal conductivity
-hard, brittle:
-____esthetic
-colors used
-heat and corrosive
-crystalline or amorphous:
-___ and some ___ bond
-examples:

Back 18

Classes of Materials Ceramic
1.low electrical and thermal conductivity (think insulator used in wiring of houses are ceramic)
2.hard, brittle: will break if you drop it
3.most esthetic
4.range of colors used
5.heat and corrosive resistant
6.crystalline or amorphous: regular arrangement or irregular arrangement of atoms
7.ionic and some covalent bond
8.examples: veneer or crowns

Front 19

Classes of Materials _____
-poor conductor of heat and electricity (which is a good thing)
-great strength in one direction
-minimal stability
-versatile/different uses
-covalent bond
-soft, weak: garbage bags
-strong: plumbing pipes
-examples:

Back 19

Classes of Materials Polymers
-poor conductor of heat and electricity (which is a good thing)
-great strength in one direction
-minimal stability
-versatile/different uses
-covalent bond
-soft, weak: garbage bags
-strong: plumbing pipes
-examples:range of polyers that are used; they are moldable for example bleaching trays, sealants

Front 20

Classes of Materials ___
-not consider a major class
-A “team” of materials
-strong, light weight
-Examples: skis, tennis rackets, golf clubs

Back 20

Class of materials Composite
-not consider a major class
-A “team” of materials
-strong, light weight
-Examples: skis, tennis rackets, golf clubs

Front 21

Structure of a metal:
___bond: hold solids together

Back 21

Structure of a metal:
Primary bond: hold solids together

Front 22

Structure of a metal:
(3) types of primary bonds

Back 22

Structure of a metal:
1.covalent
2.ionic
3.metallic

Front 23

Type of primary bond:____
share electrons between atoms (like a marriage strong bond)

Back 23

Primary bond:
Covalent: share electrons between atoms (like a marriage strong bond)

Front 24

Type of primary bond: ___
interaction positive and negative charge (not used much in dentistry, unstable in water; table salt if broken looses stability)

Back 24

Primary bond: Ionic Bond
-interaction positive and negative charge (not used much in dentistry, unstable in water; table salt if broken looses stability)

Front 25

Type of primary bond: ____ share electrons with neighbor (strong and stable; metals in dentistry used this type of bonding; students at school we have a bond as a group but not as strong as marriage)

Back 25

Primary Bond: Metallic
- share electrons with neighbor (strong and stable; metals in dentistry used this type of bonding; students at school we have a bond as a group but not as strong as marriage)

Front 26

Type of bond:
Holds liquids together

Back 26

Secondary bonds: holds liquids together
-Also called VanderWaals
-Weaker and less stable
-Weaker attraction of charges that are there

Front 27

Atomic Arrangement
____ regular pattern; uniform (example: metals)

Back 27

Atomic Arrangement
Crystalline: regular pattern; uniform (example: metals)

Front 28

Atomic Arrangement
_____: irregular pattern or arrangement; appears different in every directions

Back 28

Atomic Arrangement
amorphous irregular pattern or arrangement; appears different in every directions

Front 29

Atomic Arrangement
Are polymers and ceramic cystalline or amourphous?

Back 29

Atomic Arrangement
polymer or ceramic can be either crysstalline or amorphous

Front 30

Physical characteristic of materials:
- rates of conducting heat
-measure of heat transferred

Back 30

Physical characteristic of materials:
thermal conductivity- rates of conducting heat
-measure of heat transferred
-metals high conductivity
-ceramics low conductivity

Front 31

Physical characteristic of materials:___ ___ of ___ ___
-Fractional change in volume or length
-Change due to increase or decrease in temp
-Dimensional changes in material and tooth
-Increase heat expansion
-Increase cold contract

Back 31

Physical characteristic of materials:Linear coefficient of thermal expansion
-Fractional change in volume or length
-Change due to increase or decrease in temp
-Dimensional changes in material and tooth
-Increase heat expansion
-Increase cold contract

Front 32

Physical characteristic of materials:___ ___
-Rate at which current flow through a material
-Galvinism-
-Corrosion:
-Tarnish-

Back 32

Physical characteristic of materials:Electrical conductivity
-Rate at which current flow through a material
-Galvinism-result of electricity flowing (metal against amalgam filling)
-Corrosion: roughness and pitting (sometime seen around amalgam restoration like it’s corroding)
-Tarnish-dullness, discoloration (overtime amalgam may look more black than silver which can be polish back to silver)

Front 33

Physical characteristic of materials:____
-Ability to dissolve in fluid
-Example:
-In dental:

Back 33

Physical characteristic of materials:Solubility
-Ability to dissolve in fluid
-Example: sugar highly soluble
-In dental: cement used in crown can dissolve overtime

Front 34

Physical characteristic of materials:___
-Fluid is absorbed or taken up
-Example:

Back 34

Physical characteristic of materials:sorption
-Fluid is absorbed or taken up
-Example: Oreo cookie dumped in milk

Front 35

Physical characteristic of materials:____
-Force of attraction
-Binding/joining of 2 objects
-Example:

Back 35

Physical characteristic of materials:adhesion
-Force of attraction
-Binding/joining of 2 objects
-Example: sealants (mechanical adhesion); tape

Front 36

Physical characteristic of materials: _____
Force of attraction within a substance
example:

Back 36

Physical characteristic of materials: Cohesion:
-Force of attraction within a substance
-Social cohesion

Front 37

Physical characteristic of materials: _____
-Substance being adhered
-Material that sticks to surface
-Example:

Back 37

Physical characteristic of materials:Adhesive
-Substance being adhered
-Material that sticks to surface
-Example: sealant

Front 38

Physical characteristic of materials: _____
-the surface with which an adhesive bonds
-Object being adhered to:
-Example: tooth being sealed

Back 38

Physical characteristic of materials:Adhered
-the surface with which an adhesive bonds
-Object being adhered to:
-Example: tooth being sealed

Front 39

Physical characteristic of materials: _____
-Ability of adhesive to flow/spread
-How well it spread out along the surface

Back 39

Physical characteristic of materials:Wetting
-Ability of adhesive to flow/spread
-How well it spread out along the surface

Front 40

Physical characteristic of materials: _____
-Measure of ability to spread
-Low viscosity-
-High viscosity-
-Example:

Back 40

Physical characteristic of materials:Viscosity
-Measure of ability to spread
-Low viscosity- more ability to spread (thinner)
-High viscosity-thick-flows poorly
-Example: syrup pours more easily when warmed

Front 41

Physical characteristic of materials: Color
-Hue:
-Value:
-Chroma:

Back 41

Physical characteristic of materials:Color
-Hue: fundamental color/dominate color
-Value: lightness or darkness of color(Scaled used 1-10; 1-black 10-white)
-Natural teeth 6-8
-Chroma: strength of color or saturation, intensity
(Scale used 1-10 1-pale and 10-saturated; Natural teeth 1-3)

Front 42

Mechanical properties of materials:_____
-weight or load (stress)
tensile-
compressive-
shear-
torsion-
bending-

Back 42

Mechanical properties of materials:Forces:
-weight or load (stress)
tensile-pull object apart or elongate (ortho wire)
compressive-press together (squeezing together)
shear-slipping across (wind when they overlap)
torsion-twisting (tooth versions)
bending-combination of compression and stretching

Front 43

Mechanical properties of materials:____
internal reaction or resistance
the “load” that being placed
force per unit area

Back 43

Mechanical properties of materials:Stress
internal reaction or resistance
the “load” that being placed
force per unit area

Front 44

Mechanical properties of materials:____
change in dimension in response to force
elastic modulus-
elastic limit-
elastic deformation-

Back 44

Mechanical properties of materials:Strain
change in dimension in response to force
elastic modulus-stiffness
elastic limit-maximum stress level
elastic deformation-material deformed

Front 45

____ percent of change to point of fracture (ortho wire that’s broken)

Back 45

Elongation- percent of change to point of fracture (ortho wire that’s broken)

Front 46

____- ability to bend without breaking

Back 46

Ductility- ability to bend without breaking

Front 47

______- low ductility going to fracture easily

Back 47

Brittleness- low ductility going to fracture easily

Front 48

______- ability to be compressed

Back 48

Malleability- ability to be compressed (gold is very moldable)

Front 49

____- rubber band should assume regular shape

Back 49

Elasticity- rubber band should assume regular shape

Front 50

____-resistant of materials
-type of testing done

Back 50

Hardness-resistant of materials
-type of testing done: brinell-steal ball used to see if material indent, Vickers-square diamond point, knops-diamond point

Front 51

____-repeated application of object or material that causes little cracks that develops

Back 51

fatigue-repeated application of object or material that causes little cracks that develops

Front 52

_____-gradual but permanent change (small change in shape)

Back 52

creep-gradual but permanent change (small change in shape)

Front 53

___ ____- intrinsic ability to resist

Back 53

fracture toughness- intrinsic ability to resist

Front 54

____-when tooth surface comes together (attrition or abrasion)

Back 54

wear-when tooth surface comes together (attrition or abrasion)

Front 55

Impression Materials:
Function:
Definition-

Back 55

Impression materials
Function: to record the dimension of tissue want to create something that is accurate
Definition-a negative replica of the structure/trying to produce the exact replica of the structure

Front 56

Requirement- for impression materials (5)

Back 56

Requirement- for impression materials
-accurate
-no distortion
-no harmful effects
-tasteless and odorless
-dimensionally stable

Front 57

(3) Type of impression

Back 57

Type of impression
1.preliminary
2.final
3.bite registration

Front 58

Type of impression:_____
- for making a model to show patient help with diagnosing/ can make a model or custom tray from it

Back 58

Type of impression:preliminary- for making a model to show patient help with diagnosing/ can make a model or custom tray from it

Front 59

Type of impression:_____
-more accurate detail/used by lab tech to construct or cast a final restoration inlay/crown or bridge

Back 59

Type of impression:final-more accurate detail/used by lab tech to construct or cast a final restoration inlay/crown or bridge

Front 60

Type of impression:_____
- help with occlusion relationship taken at time when impression is taken (pink wax stuff)

Back 60

Type of impression:bite registration- help with occlusion relationship taken at time when impression is taken (pink wax stuff)

Front 61

Categories of impression materials: inelastic (rigid)
___ ____ -soften in water bath/used to make preliminary impression/tray that will hold a second impression later/physical change because being soften by water bath

Back 61

Categories of impression materials: inelastic (rigid)
impression compound-soften in water bath/used to make preliminary impression/tray that will hold a second impression later/physical change because being soften by water bath

Front 62

Categories of impression materials: inelastic (rigid)
___ ___ ___-can be used as impression material or periodontal dressing/temporary cavity base/eugenol can irritate gingival tissue but soothing to pulpal tissue/chemical reaction because you got a base and catalase mixing up this is irreversible/powder and liquid form/used mostly for temporary restoration

Back 62

Categories of impression materials: inelastic (rigid)
zinc oxide eugenol-can be used as impression material or periodontal dressing/temporary cavity base/eugenol can irritate gingival tissue but soothing to pulpal tissue/chemical reaction because you got a base and catalase mixing up this is irreversible/powder and liquid form/used mostly for temporary restoration

Front 63

Categories of impression materials: inelastic (rigid)
___ ___-rarely used easily fracture/short setting time/ used on articulator/ plaster/mixing up plaster with water/ chemical irreversible

Back 63

Categories of impression materials: inelastic (rigid)
impression plaster-rarely used easily fracture/short setting time/ used on articulator/ plaster/mixing up plaster with water/ chemical irreversible

Front 64

Categories of impression materials: Elastic
____–contain a lot of water/water evaporate rapidly

Back 64

Categories of impression materials: Elastic
-Hydrocolloid –contain a lot of water/water evaporate rapidly

Front 65

Categories of impression materials: Elastic
Reversible or Irreversible?
-seed weed deviated comes in powder form
-sets by chemical reaction
-sol-when the powder and water is mixed/ solution first and than when it sets it’s a gel or gelation (think of jello)

Back 65

Categories of impression materials: Elastic
Irreverisble (alginate)
-seed weed deviated comes in powder form
-sets by chemical reaction
-sol-when the powder and water is mixed/ solution first and than when it sets it’s a gel or gelation (think of jello)

Front 66

Categories of impression materials: Elastic
reversible or irreversible?
-thermal heating or warming with water
-seed weed derivative
-fluid paste to rubber like solid
-change from liquid solution to gel or gel to liquid (think ice cream can be gel or liquid)

Back 66

Categories of impression materials: Elastic
Reversible (agar)
-thermal heating or warming with water
-seed weed derivative
-fluid paste to rubber like solid
-change from liquid solution to gel or gel to liquid (think ice cream can be gel or liquid)

Front 67

Impression Materials: Elastomers ______
-not used in offices anymore (older material)
-economically but not convenient
-draw back awful smell and stain clay and clothing
-oxy replace by sulfur make smell retactant
-hard to mix
-not as stable or accurate as newer material
-has accelerator and based you will dispense equal amount on a pad

Back 67

Impression Materials: Elastomers: polysulfide (rubber base)
-not used in offices anymore (older material)
-economically but not convenient
-draw back awful smell and stain clay and clothing
-oxy replace by sulfur make smell retactant
-hard to mix
-not as stable or accurate as newer material
-has accelerator and based you will dispense equal amount on a pad

Front 68

Impression Materials:
(2) types of Silicon

Back 68

Impression Materials: (2) types of silicon
1.condensation
2.addition (polyvinylisloxanes)

Front 69

Impression Materials: a type of silicon ____
-Light, med, heavy body (type of viscosity)
-Puddy that is self mixed
-Can not ware latex gloves
-Will be in a gums

Back 69

Impression Materials: a type of silicon Condensation
-Light, med, heavy body (type of viscosity)
-Puddy that is self mixed
-Can not ware latex gloves
-Will be in a gums

Front 70

Impression Materials: a type of silicon ____
-Most popular now
-Take very accurate impression/ stable
-Tasteless/odorless
-Can not wear latex gloves
-Comes in mixed

Back 70

Impression Materials: a type of silicon Additon (polyvinysiloxanes)
-Most popular now
-Take very accurate impression/ stable
-Tasteless/odorless
-Can not wear latex gloves
-Comes in mixed

Front 71

Type of impression material:
_____
-stiffest
-paste system
-short working time
-used not to make full arch
-impression only used for a few teeth
-machine gun that mix for you

Back 71

Type of impression material:
Polyether
-stiffest
-paste system
-short working time
-used not to make full arch
-impression only used for a few teeth
-machine gun that mix for you

Front 72

(4) Uses of Plaster

Back 72

Uses of plaster
-study cast
-mount cast to articulator
-impressions
-used for ortho because it’s white and shiny and present very well

Front 73

(3) uses of Stone

Back 73

Uses of stone
-study casts
-forms “dies” for wax pattern
-additive

Front 74

Plaster Type I is used for what?

Back 74

Plaster Type I: impression of edentulous
-weaker of all types
-more irregular than type II

Front 75

Plaster Type __ is:
-low compressing strenght
-beta calcium sulfate hemihydrate
-irregular, porous particle
-low compressive strenght

Back 75

Plaster Type II: gypsum
-low compressing strenght
-beta calcium sulfate hemihydrate
-irregular, porous particle
-low compressive strenght

Front 76

Stone Type __ is:
-alpha-calcium sulfate hemihydrate
-harder, less irregular
-high compressive strenght
-what we use at school

Back 76

Stone Type III: Gypsum
-alpha-calcium sulfate hemihydrate
-harder, less irregular
-high compressive strenght
-what we use at school

Front 77

Diestone type __ is:
-Alpha-calcium sulfate hemihydrate
-“improved stone”
-Harder, stronger
-Used to make “dies” for wax
-Less chipping or embraiding
-For making bridge or crown

Back 77

Diestone Type IV: Gypsum
-Alpha-calcium sulfate hemihydrate
-“improved stone”
-Harder, stronger
-Used to make “dies” for wax
-Less chipping or embraiding
-For making bridge or crown

Front 78

What is Die-stone?

Back 78

Die-stone
-Type V
-Higher strength
-Best used for high melting, what lab would used when they are casting, for example melting gold
-For making bridge or crown