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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Favorable climactic conditions
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Long summer with warm sunshine
dry, sunny autumn Winter no colder that -20*C (-4*F) |
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Major climactic vineyard dangers
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Frost, hail, strong winds
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Millerandage
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physiological disorder caused by rain or cold temps during flowering. Some grapes will contain no seeds and will only partially mature
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Persistant rain at harvest effects
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diluted wine or rot
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Coulure
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Physiological disorder caused by too much sun, sap goes to leaves and shoots depriving the embryo grapes
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Excessive heat at harvest effect
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reduces acid levels in grape juice and causes fermentation problems, mitigated by night harvest
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Two most important factors influencing the vine
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Climate and Weather
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climate
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determined by geographical location of the vineyard, series of long term weather patterns, combination of temperature, precipitation, air movement, average sun/cloud cover over a long period of time
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Macro-climate
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Maritime, Mediterranean, Continental- Effects Large area or region
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Microclimate
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effects smaller area or sub region, created by surrounding natural features
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Meso climate
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effects smaller area or sub region, created by surrounding natural features
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Benefits of frost in the winter
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Hardens wood and kills harboring pests
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Rainfall needed
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27"/ growing season
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Sunshine needed
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1500-1600 hours 1300 need to be between bud break and pick
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Degree days
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measure of usable heat. Days above 50* F, Vineyards generally need 1800* F in a growing season
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Wind effects on vineyards
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patterns present climactic variations, need to be accommodated in places like Rhone (with the mistral and marin of the north and south, repectivly)
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Ideal average growing temps for white grapes
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67* F
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Ideal average growing temp for red grapes
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70*
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diurnal ranges
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difference between day and night temps
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