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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is democracy? |
Various political systems organised on the basis that government should serve the interests of and be accountable to the people. |
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What is legitimacy? |
The right to exercise power; institutions claim legitimacy when they are accountable and/or elected. |
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What is citizenship? |
Implies that members have certain rights and has the right to live within a particular state and enjoy all its rights and benefits. |
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Define political participation. |
The opportunity and tendencies of the people to become involved in political matters. E.g. voting, active work in pressure groups and standing for public office. |
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Define referendum. |
A popular vote where the people are asked to determine important political or constitutional issues |
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What is representation? |
The political idea that people elect or appoint representatives to make decisions on their behalf instead of making them on their own. |
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Define 'democratic deficit' |
Term used to describe a fear that democracy is being undermined or weakened. |
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Democratic renewal is... |
A general term describing measures designed to deal with the democratic deficit. |
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Name 6 ways in which political participation takes form |
1. Contributing to online petitions 2. Voting in elections 3. Joining a pressure group 4. Joining a political party 5. Standing for office 6. Becoming active in a party |
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What two sets of political ideas have sought to encourage greater participation? |
Active citizenship and Big Society |
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What is direct democracy? |
Political system or circumstances where the people make key political decisions. |
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Give examples of referendums held since 1997 |
1998 - Northern Ireland 2004 - North-East England 2005 - Edinburgh 2008 - Manchester 2011 - National 2012 - 11 English cities 2014 - Scotland |
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Benefits of referendum use |
- Direct form of democracy - Prevent governments making unpopular decisions - They may resolve issues that cause problems for government and parties - They entrench constitutional change |
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Problems with referendum use |
- Undermine respect for representative institutions - Some issues may be too complex for people to understand - May represent the tyranny of the majority; minorities suffer |
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What is representative democracy? |
Political system where most decisions are made by elected representatives - people are represented by those who communicate their demands and interests to decision makers |
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Advantages of direct democracy |
- Purest form of democracy - Avoids decisions being made by representatives in their own interest - People can make their own decisions because they are becoming increasingly educated |
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Advantages of representative democracy |
- Representatives have superior knowledge - Issues that involve such conflicting interests - Representatives are able to mediate between the interests of different sections of society |
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Define liberal democracy |
Democracy where there is an emphasis on the protection of individual rights and liberties |
