Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
When should you screen for dementia?
|
-complaint of memory loss
-every 6-12 mo. in elderly, esp >75 -earlier if have strong fm hx |
|
|
A good baseline test for dementia is the ______.
|
MoCA
(do the optional cuing) |
|
|
A score of _____ or lower means the patient should probably have further cognitive evaluation.
|
25
|
|
|
T/F A significant cognitive decline in a period of 6 months or less is typical of Alzheimer's disease.
|
False - gradual onset
(if occurs quickly consult memory specialist) |
|
|
Early hallucinations are a sign of what kind of dementia?
|
Lewy body dementia
|
|
|
Strange new food cravings could be a symptom of what kind of dementia?
|
Frontotemporal dementia
|
|
|
What 3 other things should you screen for when screening for dementia?
|
-depression
-driving -independent ADLs |
|
|
Drugs that cause confusion
|
-anti-cholinergics (i.e. for bladder control)
-hypnotics -sedatives/anxiolytics -narcotics -anti-epileptic drugs -chemotherapy |
|
|
Important factors of the family history for dementia are...
|
-first degree family member with dementia (and age of onset)
-hx of ALS, PD, neurodegen. disorders -family with early strokes |
|
|
Important factors of the social history in dementia screening are...
|
-alcohol use - heavy drinking can be a cause
-level of education - hx learning disability |
|
|
T/F You should order a CT of the brain for a patient with a cognitive abnormality.
|
False - order MRI
|
|
|
What vitamin level can be a cause of cognitive problems when too low?
|
B12 (below 400)
|
|
|
When would you order a carotid US or echocardiogram in a dementia work up?
|
If MRI showed stroke evidence
|
|
|
What sleep-related problem can cause cognitive problems and increased vascular risk?
|
Sleep apnea
|
|
|
A patient presents with dementia-like symptoms and depression. Once the depression is treated, the cognitive symptoms resolve. This is most likely...
|
Pseudodementia of depression
|
|
|
What is the relationship between dementia and depression?
|
-depression can be a harbinger of dementia
-depression is commonly seen in dementia |
|
|
What is reversible dementia?
|
-caused by an underlying disease or medication
-if treat illness or change med - resolves |
|
|
Normal pressure hydrocephalus classically presents with what triad of symptoms?
|
-gait ataxia (wobbly)
-urinary incontinence (wet) -confusion (wacky) |
|
|
How is normal pressure hydrocephalus treated?
|
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt
|
|
|
What is the significance of amnesic mild cognitive impairment?
|
patients with mild cognitive impairment are at increased risk of developing Alzheimer's
|
|
|
The most common dementia in people 60 or older.
|
Alzheimer's disease
|
|
|
What is the first and most significant impairment in AD?
|
Memory - that doesn't improve with cuing
|
|
|
The biggest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease is ______.
|
Age
|
|
|
What examination is used to stage and follow Alzheimer's?
|
MMSE
|
|
|
Risk factors for mutli-infarct dementia are...
|
-smoking
-hypercholesterolemia -diabetes -hypertension -atrial fibrillation (risk for multi-infarct dementia) |
|
|
A common risk factor for Alzheimer's and Vascular dementia
|
Diabetes
|
|
|
A patient with early hallucinations, falls, rigidity, and visuospatial dysfunction may have what?
|
Lewy body dementia
|
