Dekalb Anatomy - Muscular System

Front 1

Origin

Back 1

End of the muscle that is attached to the non-moving bone

Front 2

Insertion

Back 2

End of the muscle that is attached to the moving bone

Front 3

Prime mover

Back 3

Main moving muscle in a group

Front 4

Synergist

Back 4

Helper muscle
- Helps to make steady movements

Front 5

Antagonist

Back 5

Muscle in a group that relaxes in a movement

Front 6

Functions of Skeletal Muscle

Back 6

- Movement
- Posture
- Heat Production

Front 7

Movement

Back 7

muscles move the body by pulling on bones

Front 8

Posture

Back 8

muscles maintain posture by tonic contractions
- contractions where only a few fibers contract
- keeps the least amount of stress on our bones and joints

Front 9

Heat production

Back 9

- contraction of muscles require ATP use
- when ATP is used some energy is released as heat

Front 10

Twitch contraction

Back 10

- quick jerky contraction caused by a stimulus
- eye twitch is an example

Front 11

Tetanic contraction

Back 11

- a more sustained contraction caused by a stimulus
- a leg cramp is an example

Front 12

Isotonic Contraction

Back 12

- A contraction that causes movement
- muscle length changes

Front 13

Isometric contraction

Back 13

- a contraction that doens't cause movement
- muscle length stays the same
- pushing on a wall is an example

Front 14

Muscles of Facial Expression

Back 14

- frontal
- Orbicularis oris
- Zygomaticus
- Orbicularis oculi

Front 15

Frontal Muscle

Back 15

- raises and lowers eyebrows

Front 16

Orbicularis oris

Back 16

- puckers lips
- A.K.A. the "kissing muscle"

Front 17

Zygomaticus

Back 17

- raises corners of mouth
- "smiling muscle"

Front 18

Orbicularis oculi

Back 18

- blinks the eyelid

Front 19

Muscles of Mastication

Back 19

- Masseter
- Temporal

Front 20

Masseter

Back 20

- raises the lower jaw

Front 21

Temporal

Back 21

- Synergist of the masseter
- helps to raise the lower jaw

Front 22

Muscles of the upper extremities

Back 22

- pectoralis major
- latissimus dorsi
- biceps brachii
- triceps brachii
- Deltoid

Front 23

Pectoralis Major

Back 23

- Chest muscle
- Adducts the arm

Front 24

Latissimus dorsi

Back 24

- large muscle on the back
- extends the upper arm

Front 25

Deltoid

Back 25

- main muscle of the shoulder
- abductor of the upper arm

Front 26

Muscles of the trunk

Back 26

- External Oblique
- Internal Oblique
- Transversus Abdominus
- Rectus Abdominus
- Intercostal muscles
- Diaphragm

Front 27

Abdominal muscles

Back 27

- internal and external obliques and tranversus abdominus
- provides a thick layer of muscle to protect the internal organs

Front 28

Recuts Abdominus

Back 28

- Flexes the spine

Front 29

Intercostal muscles

Back 29

- lifts your rib cages
- helps in breathing

Front 30

Diaphragm

Back 30

- Raises and lowers the lungs for breathing

Front 31

Muscles of the lower leg

Back 31

- Iliopsoas
- Gluteus maximus
- Hamstring muscles
- Quadriceps femoris
- Tibialis anterior
- gastrocenemius
- Peroneus group

Front 32

Iliopsoas

Back 32

Flexes the thigh

Front 33

Gluteus maximus

Back 33

extends the thigh

Front 34

Hamstring muscles

Back 34

flexes lower leg

Front 35

Quadriceps femoris

Back 35

extends the lower leg

Front 36

Tibialis Anterior

Back 36

dorsiflexes the foot

Front 37

Gastrocnemius

Back 37

plantar flexes the foot

Front 38

Peroneus group

Back 38

- helps to plantar flex the foot

Front 39

Flexion

Back 39

decreases the angle between a joint

Front 40

Extension

Back 40

increases the angle between a joint

Front 41

Rotation

Back 41

movement around a fixed point

Front 42

abduction

Back 42

movement away from the midline

Front 43

adduction

Back 43

movement toward the midline

Front 44

Dorsiflexion

Back 44

raising your toes

Front 45

plantarflexion

Back 45

pointing your toes down