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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The pentose phosphate pathway is used to make
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DNA, RNA, and other cofactors needing ribose
- also used to make NADPH Needed for reductive synthesis and for prevention of damaging effects of oxygen free radicals |
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The pentose phosphate pathway:
Need NADPH? which pathway? |
Use non-oxidative pathway
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The pentose phosphate pathway:
Need Ribulose 5-phosphate but not NADPH? Which pathway? |
Use non-oxidative pathway
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The pentose phosphate pathway:
Tissues that carry out extensive fatty acid, cholesterol, or steroid hormone synthesis require? |
- NADPH
Liver, adipose tissue, lactating mammary gland |
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The pentose phosphate pathway:
These tissue will contain a lot of the enzymes (in high concentrations) involved in making NADPH |
Liver, adipose tissue, lactating mammary gland
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The pentose phosphate pathway:
NADPH and Free Radicals Free radicals are bad for |
cell membranes
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The pentose phosphate pathway:
NADPH and Free Radicals Glutathione = ? Does what? |
Glutathione = GSH
Free radical cleanup |
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The pentose phosphate pathway:
(1): Oxidative Pathway |
glucose 6 - phosphate
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The pentose phosphate pathway:
(2): Oxidative Pathway |
6 -phosphoglucono-delta-lactone
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The pentose phosphate pathway:
(3): Oxidative Pathway |
6-phospho-gluconate
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The pentose phosphate pathway:
(4): Oxidative Pathway |
D-ribulose
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The pentose phosphate pathway:
(5): Oxidative Pathway |
Nucleotides, coenzymes
DNA, RNA |
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What steps in The pentose phosphate Oxidative Pathway bring in NADP+ and kick out NADPH
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- Steps 1 & 2
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What step in The pentose phosphate Oxidative Pathway kick out CO2 while bringing in NADP+ and kicking out NADPH
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- Step 2
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In the The pentose phosphate Pathway ~ Non-oxidative phase does what?
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- Recycles pentose phosphate (ribulose 5-phosphate) back to glucose 6-phosphate
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The importance of the pentose phosphate Pathway ~ Non-oxidative phase?
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- Generate glucose 6-phosphate
- No loss of NADPH |
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How many carbons are involved with Xylulose 5 phosphate in the pentose phosphate Pathway ~ Non-oxidative phase
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2 Carbons
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How many carbons are involved with Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate in the pentose phosphate Pathway ~ Non-oxidative phase
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3 Carbons
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What enzyme turns xylulose 5-phosphate into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate?
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Transketolase
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What enzyme turns glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate into erythrose 4-phosphate?
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Transaldolase
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What is the intermediate in Ribose 5-Phosphate Epimerase Reaction
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2,3 cis-enediol
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Transketolase (and TPP) does what?
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Changes xylulose 5-phosphate & Ribose 5-Phosphate <~~~> glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate & Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate
-reversible |
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TPP is also
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a cofactor for pyruvate decarboxylase (ethanol fermentation)
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Transaldolase changes glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate & Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate into
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Erythrose 4-phosphate and Fructose 6 phosphate
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Transaldolase is similar to
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Aldolase (Glycolysis)
Lysine ~~> Schiff base |
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Lysine ~~> ???
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Schiff base
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Pentose Phosphate Pathway:
Transketolase (w/ TPP)transforms Erythrose 4-phosphate and xylulose 5-phosphate to |
Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate & fructose 6-phosphate
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What enzyme transforms
Pentose Phosphate Pathway: Erythrose 4-phosphate and xylulose 5-phosphate to Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate & fructose 6-phosphate |
Transketolase (w/ TPP)
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PPP: Regulation
If NADPH is not utilized |
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase will be inhibited
This is because NADP has been exhausted |
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If NADPH is not utilized
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase will be inhibited. Why? |
This is because NADP has been exhausted
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Pentose Phosphate Pathway: Diseases
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- Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (cannot generate NADPH)
- Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome |
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Pentose Phosphate Pathway: Diseases
What is Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency |
- (cannot generate NADPH)
- Cannot overcome oxidative stress (free radicals) - Capable of malaria resistance |
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Pentose Phosphate Pathway: Diseases
What is Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome? |
- Lowered transketolase
affinity for TPP - Severe memory loss, mental confusion, partial paralysis |
