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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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confidence
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support of the majority of elected members (50% +1)
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responsible government
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supremacy of elected members of legislative branch
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confidence convention
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- gov't must always have confidence of majority members of elected assembly
-gov't is responsible to elected house (House of Commons) to use powers, governs only so long as has support of elected majority |
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legislative branch
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control budget/finance
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unitary state
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concentrated sovereignty
- one level of pol. authority - central gov't alone gives powers to cities, provinces e.g France, Denmark, Japan |
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devolved unitary state (devolution)
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step to decentralization granting legislative powers not entrenched in constitution
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federalism
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- 2 levels of gov't ( 1 central and 2/or more sub-central gov'ts like provinces, states)
-powers/responsibilities divided between levels - |
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centralized federalism
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central gov't dominates
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decentralized federalism
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sub-unit gov'ts dominate central
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asymmetric federalism
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different sub-governments have different powers(e.g Quebec: french civil law and officially billingual province)
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confederation
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loose alliance, sovereign states bond together for narrow reasons
- sovereignty not divided: maintained by members-states (Canada is not a confederation b/c section 62, 64 of the constitution say so) |
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state
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a form of pol. organization in which governmental institutions are capable of maintaining order and implementing rules or laws over a given population and within a given territory
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sovereign
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capable of maintaining order within its territorial boundaries
-tax its citizens - conduct external relations - internal sov.: final authority rests in the national gov't |
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external sovereignty
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recognition by the international community of the right of a people to run their own affairs free from interference
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legitimacy
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when citizens accept that a gov't ought or has the right to make decisions for them
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representative demaocracy
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political system in which the governors who make decisions with force of law obtain their authority directly or indirectly is a result of free election
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pluralism
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exstance of different political parties
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constitutional democracy
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constitution limits the power of the gov't by specifying the form of involvement of elected reps and the division of authority among the partners in the federation
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state
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-clearly defined territory
-sense of identification - set of state or political institutions that governs the territory and maintains both external and internal sovereignty |
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constitution
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states the governing principles of a society
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constitutionalism
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everyone, including gov't is a subject to the rules of constitution
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basis of the Canadian constitution
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- rule of law
- responsible government - federalism |
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declarotory power
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the federal gov't can assume jurisdiction over any "work" that is for the benefit of Canada as a whole
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rigid constitution
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is one that is diffucult to amend
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flexible consitution
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can be more easily adapted to changing circustances
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federalism
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a division of jurisdiction and authority between at least two levels of gov't (gov't that is divided between central and regional gov'ts)
each level of gov't has more or less complete authority over some specific spheres of activity, while on a few other matters there may be a degree of concurrent jurisdiction |
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unitary government
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is characterized by one level of political authority, in this form central gov't grants + amends the powers of local or provincial authorities (e.g France)
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legislative branch
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two chambers of the Parliament of Canada have equal legislative powers, in that all bills must be passed in their entity by both houses in order to receive royal assent
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responsible government
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means that the gov't consisting of PM and the cabinet must always have the confidence of majority of elected member of parliament (MP) in the house of commons
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