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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are pathogens? |
Micro-organisms that cause infectious diseases |
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How do bacteria make us feel ill? |
By producing toxins which destroy our cells |
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How do viruses make us feel ill? |
By living and reproducing inside our cells |
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How do white blood cells defend against pathogens? |
Ingesting pathogens Producing antibodies which destroy particular pathogens Producing antitoxins which counteract the toxins released by the bacteria |
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What does a vaccination contain? |
Dead or inactive forms of the pathogen |
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What does the MMR vaccine protect you from? |
Measles, Mumps and Rubella |
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Why are pain killers not effective in getting rid of disease? |
They only help to relieve the symptoms and do not actually kill the pathogen |
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Antibiotics cannot kill _______ |
Viruses |
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How do antibiotic resistant strains of pathogens occur? |
A mutation in a pathogen causes it to be resistant to antibiotics. Antibiotics will kill all of the non resistant bacteria, leaving only the resistant one.This pathogen then reproduces, passing on the resistant gene to its offspring. The resistant pathogens will rapidly reproduce, creating a whole strain of resistant pathogens. The resistant pathogen is able to spread easily because nobody is immune. |
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Why has the rate of antibiotic resistance increased? |
People have overused antibiotics Antibiotics have been prescribed when not needed e.g viral infection |
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How is an uncontaminated culture of microorganisms achieved, using the aseptic technique ? |
Petri dishes are sterilised Inoculating loops are sterilised by being passed through a flame The petri dish is secured with tape and stored upside down |
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What is the maximum temp. that cultures are grown at? |
25ºc |
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Why are cultures only grown at 25ºc? |
To reduce the risk of pathogens growing which are harmful to humans |
