Def. Of Terns- Silvics

Front 1

cutting of trees that come from the lower crown classes in order to provide openings to lower canopies to permit/encourage development of vigorous seed bearers and to accelerate decomposition of humus layer

Back 1

Preparatory cutting

Front 2

the removal of live or dead branches from standing trees

Back 2

Pruning

Front 3

the act of freeing a young stand of desirable trees not past the sapling stage from the competition of undesirable trees that threaten to suppress them

Back 3

Release cutting

Front 4

natural or artificial restoring of an area with forest trees

Back 4

Reforestation

Front 5

refers to the ability of trees cut to produce sprouts on the stump

Back 5

Regenerative capacity -

Front 6

cuttings done in an area to remove old, mature, defective and undesirable species thus providing adequate space for regeneration

Back 6

Reproduction cutting

Front 7

phase of selective logging concerned with evaluating the result of tree marking after harvesting/logging operation

Back 7

Residual inventory

Front 8

a sprout arising from a root

Back 8

Root suckers

Front 9

the rotation through which stands should be grown to maintain maximum vigor of growth and reproduction

Back 9

Rotation (Silvicultural

Front 10

a cutting made to remove trees killed or injured badly to utilize merchantable materials before it becomes worthless

Back 10

Salvage cutting

Front 11

removal of mature timber in one cut except for a small number of seed trees left singly or in a small groups which will provide seeds for the next generation

Back 11

Seed tree

Front 12

- a tree of sprout origin resulting from the cutting or injury to a small seedling, usually less than 2in. in diameter at the ground line

Back 12

Seedling sprout

Front 13

removal of mature timber usually the oldest or largest trees either as single scattered trees or in small groups at relatively short interval of time

Back 13

Selection

Front 14

The gradual removal of the entire stand in a series of partial cuttings which extend over a fraction of a rotation

Back 14

Shelterwood

Front 15

a study of life history and general characteristics of the forest trees and stands as they relate to environmental factors

Back 15

Silvics

Front 16

a branch of forestry which deals with the establishment, development and protection of forest

Back 16

Silviculture

Front 17

activity involving the treatment of the soil and the ground cover by hand, machine, chemicals, fire or combination of these for favorable reception to either naturally or artificially sown seeds or planted stocks

Back 17

Site preparation

Front 18

productive capacity of the forest

Back 18

Site quality

Front 19

a shoot formed from the dormant buds at the base of the trees

Back 19

Sprout

Front 20

an aggregation of trees or other growth occupying a specific area and sufficiently uniform in composition, age arrangement and conditions as to be distinguishable from the forest

Back 20

Stand

Front 21

tree permitted to remain at the area after the cutting in a coppice forest

Back 21

Standard tree

Front 22

sprout arising from a bud developing in a tissue or a wound callus on the stump

Back 22

Stool shoots

Front 23

an indication of the number of trees in a stand as compared to the desirable number for best growth and management

Back 23

Stocking

Front 24

cutting made in an immature stand in order to stimulate the growth of the trees and to obtain greater total yield of useful material

Back 24

Thinning

Front 25

means of insuring the needed number of trees for future crop

Back 25

Tree marking

Front 26

term that denotes the removal of all the plants competing with the crop species regardless of whether their crowns are above, beside or below those of desirable species

Back 26

Weeding

Front 27

a loose term which denotes the planting stocks which have germinated and developed to seedling sizes

Back 27

Wildling

Front 28

the process of aligning slash, debris or other unwanted materials along the contours during the site preparation we

Back 28

Windrowing

Front 29

planned program of activities applied to a given stand of forest trees from the period of establishment to harvest time

Back 29

.Silvicultural Systems

Front 30

- a bud produced irregularly on older portion of a plant and not on the tip of the stem or in the leaf not connected to the pith of the tree

Back 30

Adventitious buds

Front 31

establishment of forest on an area which is not previously forested

Back 31

Afforestation

Front 32

he average age of the trees which composed the stand

Back 32

stand age

Front 33

the area necessary to cut over each year to obtain the pre-determined annual cut under a given plan or regulation

Back 33

annual cutting area

Front 34

an area on which the entire timber stand has been cut

Back 34

Clear cutting

Front 35

a newly cut-over area regenerated primarily by sprouts

Back 35

Coppice

Front 36

production of coppice and seedling high forest on the same area by clear cutting the coppice at short intervals at the same time removing of some mature high forest

Back 36

Coppice with standard

Front 37

the volume of wood which can be cut under the management for a given period

Back 37

allowable cut

Front 38

the quantity of forest products cut on a given forest area in a year

Back 38

annual cut

Front 39

form of branches that often arise in hardwoods or coniferous trees that often develop in naturally pruned boles as a result of the extreme exposure after each cutting

Back 39

Epicormic branches

Front 40

a type of forest stand where the difference in age of the oldest and the youngest trees does not exceed 20% of the rotation

Back 40

Even-aged -

Front 41

establishment of forest either naturally or artificially upon areas where it is at present, absent, or insufficient

Back 41

Forestation

Front 42

removing of bark around the stem of the trees so that the flow of carbohydrates in the phloem from the crown to roots is blocked or cut off

Back 42

Girdling

Front 43

the process of conditioning nursery seedlings by subjecting them to conditions to enable them to withstand adverse environmental conditions in the planting site

Back 43

Hardening off -

Front 44

an expression of forest site quality based on the height of dominant stand at an arbitrarily chosen age

Back 44

site index

Front 45

cutting done on a stand between the periods of establishment and harvesting

Back 45

Intermediate cuttings

Front 46

process of producing a stock by rooting of a branch which is first connected with a parent tree

Back 46

Layering

Front 47

collective term for the entire chemical preparations for killing or suppressing woody plants

Back 47

Phytocides

Front 48

a systematic activity designed to obtain basic information (physical, biological, socio-economic) about the proposed planting site which are then used in the preparation of a planting plan

Back 48

Planting survey

Front 49

detailed systematic statement covering all artificial reforestation activities proposed for each tract of suitable groups of planting areas

Back 49

Planting plan