Def For 11, 12, 13

Front 1

connective tissue surrounding a bundle (fascicle) of nerve fibers

Back 1

perineurium

Front 2

pertaining to the division of the Autonomic Nervous System concerned with activities that, in general inhibit or oppose the physsiological effects of the Parasympathetic Nervous System; also called the thoracolumbar division

Back 2

sympathetic division

Front 3

a sensory nerve cell that transmits an impuse toward the central nervous system

Back 3

afferent neuron,

Front 4

the outermost meninx

Back 4

dura mater

Front 5

a type of neuroglia cell involved in the formation of the myelin of nerve fibers within the central nervous system

Back 5

oligodendrocyte

Front 6

the innermost meninx, in direct contact with the brain and spinal cord

Back 6

pia mater

Front 7

the process of growing old; aging

Back 7

senescence

Front 8

the midbrain, which contains the corpora quadrigemina, the cerebral peduncles, and specialized nuclei that help you control posture and movement

Back 8

mesencephalon

Front 9

a small, pea shaped endocrine gland situated in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone and connected to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum; consists of anterior and posterior lobes; also called the hypophysis

Back 9

pituitary gland

Front 10

that portion of the brain between the pons and the forebrain

Back 10

midbrain

Front 11

the functional junction between two neurons or between a neuron and an effector

Back 11

synapse

Front 12

an oval mass of gray matter within the diencephalon that serves as a sensory relay center

Back 12

thalamus

Front 13

the prominent cleft that horizontally separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum

Back 13

transverse fissure

Front 14

a cavity within an organ; especially those cavities in teh brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid and those in the heart that contain blood to be pumped from the heart

Back 14

ventricle

Front 15

that part of the brain lying between the telencephalon and the mesencephalon. It includes the third ventricle, pineal gland, epitalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland

Back 15

diencephalon

Front 16

a nerve composed of motor nerve fibers

Back 16

motor nerve

Front 17

the brain and spinal cord

Back 17

central nervous system

Front 18

the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Back 18

neurohypophysis

Front 19

the structural and functional cell of the nervous system, composed of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon; also called a nerve cell

Back 19

neuron

Front 20

a recording of the brain-wave patterns or electrical impulses of the brain: EEG

Back 20

electroencephalogram

Front 21

a nerve cell with two processes, one at each end of the cell body

Back 21

bipolar neuron

Front 22

1. an elevation on the surface of a structure and an infolding of the tissue upon itself

2. one of the convex folds on the surface of the brain

Back 22

convolution

Front 23

a gap in the myelin sheath of a nerve fiber

Back 23

node of ranvier

Front 24

a nerve cell in which only one process extends from the cell body; results from the fusion of two processes during embryonic development

Back 24

pseudounipolor neurons

Front 25

a mass of vascular capillaries from which cerebrospinal fluid is secreted into the ventricles of the brain

Back 25

choroid plexus

Front 26

a cavity within the cerebral hemisphere of the brain that if filled with cerebrospinal fluid

Back 26

lateral ventricle

Front 27

a cavity within the brain, between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata and pons, containing cerebrospinal fluid

Back 27

fourth ventricle

Front 28

clumps of rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cell body of a neuron

Back 28

nissl bodies

Front 29

one of 31 pairs of nerves that arise from the spinal cord

Back 29

spinal nerve

Front 30

the minute space that separates the axon terminal of one neuron from another neuron or muscle fiber. Neurotransmitter diffuses across the cleft to affect the postsynaptic cell

Back 30

synaptic cleft

Front 31

an aggregation of gray matter of a reddish color located in the upper portion of the midbrain. It sends fibers to certain brain tracts and helps to coordinate muscular movements

Back 31

red nucleus

Front 32

the anterior portion of the forebrain, constituting the cerebral hemispheres and related parts

Back 32

telencephalon

Front 33

a group of three fibrous membranes covering the central nervous system, composed of the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater

Back 33

meninges; singular, meninx

Front 34

an extension of the dura mater separating the cerebellum from the basal surface of the occipital and temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex

Back 34

tentorium cerebelli

Front 35

a cerebral lobe lying deep to the lateral sulcus. It is covered by portions of the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes

Back 35

insula

Front 36

bundles of myelinated axons located in the CNS

Back 36

white matter

Front 37

the caudal tapering portion of the spinal cord

Back 37

conos medullaris

Front 38

a nerve that contains both motor and sensory nerves

Back 38

mixed nerve

Front 39

the region of the CNS composed of nonmyelinated nerve tissue

Back 39

gray matter

Front 40

* portion of the brain concerned with coordination of skeletal muscle contraction
* part of the metencephalon
* consists of two hemispheres
* and a central vermis

Back 40

cerebellum

Front 41

the channel that connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles of the brain

Back 41

cerebral aqueduct

Front 42

a crossing of nerve fibers from one side of the CNS to the other

Back 42

decussation

Front 43

a region of the cerebral cortex from which motor impulses to muscles or glands originate

Back 43

motor area

Front 44

a small pine cone shaped gland located in the roof of the 3rd ventricle

Back 44

pineal gland

Front 45

the extension from the terminal portion of the spinal cord, where the roots of spinal nerves resemble a horse's tail

Back 45

cauda equina

Front 46

clumps of rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cell body of a neuron; also called nissl bodies

Back 46

chromatophilic substances

Front 47

the weblike middle covering (meninx) of the CNS

Back 47

arachhnoid

Front 48

1. outer layer of an internal organ or body structure, as of the kidney or adrenal gland
2. the convoluted layer of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere

Back 48

cortex

Front 49

a lipoprotein material that forms a sheathlike covering around nerve fibers

Back 49

myelin

Front 50

a specialized neuroglial cell that surrounds an axon fiber of a peripheral neuron and forms the neurilemmal sheath

Back 50

schwann cell

Front 51

a large tract of white matter within the brain that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres

Back 51

corpus callosum

Front 52

one of 12 pairs of nerves that arise from the inferior surface of the brain

Back 52

crainial nerve

Front 53

* fold of dura mater anchored to the crista galli
* extends between the right and left cerebral hemispheres

Back 53

falx cerebri

Front 54

a motor nerve cell that conducts impulses from the CNS to effector organs, such as muscles or glands

Back 54

efferent neuron

Front 55

a convulted elevation or ridge

Back 55

gyrus

Front 56

that portion of the brain stem between the spinal cord and the pons

Back 56

medulla oblongata

Front 57

the nerves and ganglia of the nervous system that lie outside the brain and spinal cord

Back 57

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Front 58

the structure or portion of the brain stem that regulates the depth and rate of breathing

Back 58

respiratory center

Front 59

a fold of dura mater anchored to the occipital bone. It projects inward between the cerebellar hemispheres

Back 59

falx cerebelli

Front 60

a bundle of nerve fibers within the CNS

Back 60

tract

Front 61

the branching arrangement of white matter within the cerebellum

Back 61

arbor vitae

Front 62

a space between the spinal dura mater and the bone of the vertebral canal

Back 62

epidural space

Front 63

* the most superior portion of the hindbrain
* containing the cerebellum and the pons

Back 63

metencephalon

Front 64

the posterior portion of the hindbrain that contains the medulla oblongata

Back 64

myelencephalon

Front 65

a bundle of nerve fibers outside the CNS

Back 65

nerve

Front 66

a gap in the myelin sheath of a nerve fiber; also called the node of ranvier

Back 66

neurofibril node

Front 67

* pertaining to the division of the autonomic nervous system
* concerned with activities that in general, inhibit or oppose the physiological effects of the smpathetic nervous system

Back 67

parasympathetic division

Front 68

the portion of the brain stem just above the medulla oblongata and anterior to the cerebellum

Back 68

pons

Front 69

an aggregation of nerve fibers connecting the cerebellum with the brain stem

Back 69

cerebellar peduncle

Front 70

* fluid produced by the choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain
* it fills the ventricles and surround the CNS in association with the meninges

Back 70

cerebrospinal fluid

Front 71

four superior lobes of the midbrain concerned with visual and auditory functions

Back 71

corpora quadredemina

Front 72

a nerve cell process that transmits impulses toward the cell body of a neuron

Back 72

dendrite

Front 73

a fibrous, threadlike continuation of the pia mater, that extends inferiorly from the terminal end of the spinal cord to the coccyx

Back 73

filum terminale

Front 74

a mass of nerve cell bodies located deep within the cerebral hemisphere of the brain

Back 74

basal ganglion

Front 75

an aggregration of nerve cell bodies located outside the CNS

Back 75

ganglion

Front 76

the site of contact between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber

Back 76

myoneural junction

Front 77

the space within the meninges between the arachnoid and the pia mater, where the cerebrospinal fluid flows

Back 77

subarachnoid space

Front 78

* a cluster of nerve cell bodies in the medulla oblongata
* controls the diameter of blood vessels
* regulates blood pressure

Back 78

vasomotor center

Front 79

* narrow
* middle lobular structure
* separates the cerebellar hemispheres

Back 79

vermis

Front 80

the stalk that attaches to the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus of the brain

Back 80

infundibulum

Front 81

fibrous sheath of connective tissue surrounding a nerve

Back 81

epineurium

Front 82

small phagocytic cells found in the CNS

Back 82

microglia

Front 83

one of many threadlike structures withing the cytoplasm of a cell body and the axon hillock of a neuron

Back 83

neurofibril

Front 84

mechanism that inhibits the passage of certain materials from the blood into the brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid

Back 84

blood brain barrier

Front 85

thin, membranous covering surrounding the myelin sheath of a nerve fiber

Back 85

neurilemma

Front 86

a sensory nerve ending that responds to changes in tension in a muscle or tendon

Back 86

proprioceptor

Front 87

nerve cell that conveys impulses away from the CNS to effector organs (muscles and glands)

motor neruron form the anterior roots of the spinal nerves

Back 87

motor neuron

Front 88

* the channel that connects the third and fourth ventricles of the brain
* also called the cerebral aqueduct
* also called the aqueduct of sylvius

Back 88

mesencephalic aqueduct

Front 89

that portion of the brain consisting of the midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Back 89

brain stem

Front 90

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Back 90

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