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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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National Congress party |
-grew out of regional associations of Western-educated Indians -originally centered in cities of Bombay, Poona, Calcutta, and Madras -became political party in 1885 -Focus of nationalist movement in India -governed through most of postcolonial period |
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Mohandas Gandhi |
-(1869-1948) led sustained at all-India campaign for independence from British Empire after World War I -stressed nonviolent but aggressive mass protest |
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Zapatistas |
-guerrilla movement named in honor of Emiliano Zapata -originated in 1994 in Mexico's southern state of Chiapas - government responded with a combination of repression and negotiation |
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Fidel Castro |
-Cuban revolutionary -overthrew dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1958 -initiated series of socialist reforms -came to depend almost exclusively on Soviet union |
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Sandinista party |
-Nicaraguan socialist movement named after Augusto Sandino -successfully carried out a socialist revolution in Nicaragua during the 1980s |
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Bangladesh |
-founded as an independent nation in 1972 -formally East Pakistan |
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Indira Gandhi |
-daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru (no relation to Mahatama Gandhi) -installed as a figurehead prime minister by the Congress party bosses in 1966 -A strong-willed and astute politician, she soon became the central figure in India politics, a position she maintained through the 1970s and passed on to her sons |
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Jawaharlal Nehru |
-(1889 -1964) One of Gandhi's disciples - governed India after independence (1947) -committed to program of social reform and economic development -preserved civil rights and democracy |
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Jawaharlal Nehru |
-(1889 -1964) One of Gandhi's disciples - governed India after independence (1947) -committed to program of social reform and economic development -preserved civil rights and democracy |
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Anwar Sadat |
-successor to Gamal Abdul Nasser as ruler of Egypt -acted to dismantle costly state programs -accepted peace treaty with Israel in 1973 -opened Egypt to investment by Western nations |
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Green Revolution |
-introduction of improved seed strains, fertilizers, and irrigation as a means of producing higher yields in crops such as rice, wheat, and corn -particularly important in the densely populated countries of Asia |
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Ayatollah Khomeini |
-(1900-1989) religious ruler of Iran following revolution of 1979 to expel the Pahlavi shah of Iran -emphasized religious purification -tried to eliminate Western influences and establish purely Islamic government |
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African National Congress |
-Black political organization within South Africa -pressed for end to policies of apartheid -sought open democracy leading to black majority rule -until the 1990s declared illegal in south Africa |
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Nelson Mandela |
-(b. 1918) Long imprisoned leader of the African National Congress party -worked with the ANC leadership and FW de Klerk's supporters to dismantle the apartheid system from the mid-1980s onward -in 1994, became the first black prime minister of South Africa after the ANC won the first genuinely democratic elections in the country's history |
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FW de Klerk |
-white South African prime minister in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Working with Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress de Klerk helped to dismantle the apartheid system and opened the way for a democratically elected government that represented all South Africans for the first time |
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Gamal Abdul Nasser |
-(1918-1970) Took power in Egypt following a military coop in 1952 -enacted land reforms and used state resources to reduce unemployment -ousted Britain from the Suez Canal zone in 1956 |
