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168 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nonprice competition |
Occurs when a business focuses on factors other than price . These include include quality and location |
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Net sales |
Total sales minus returns and allowances |
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Sources of law |
Case- the ruling of a second case is based off the ruling of a previous similar case Constitutional- the constitution of a country helps determine the outcome of the case Uniform- an unofficial legislative proposal to promote consistence across multiple legislations Statutory- originates from the gouvernement/ gouvernemental personnel |
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Tort |
A civil wrong that unfairly causes someone to suffer losses or harm, resulting in legal liability for the person who commits the act |
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Express contract |
A contract that is clearly written down |
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Implied contract |
A contract that both parties agree on, but is less formal |
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Channel management |
The process of moving a product through various stages (manufacturing, distribution...) to get to the customer |
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Tying agreements |
Forcing a customer to buy an undesired product along with the desired one (usually illegal) |
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Zoning laws |
Determine the use of land |
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Probate laws |
Distributing the assets of someone who's died |
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Antitrust laws |
Limit monopolies |
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Infringement laws |
Protect against violating the terms of an agreement or disregard of rights and intellectual property |
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Place utility |
Increasing the attractiveness of a product by shifting its location |
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Assets |
Something owned by the company (eg building) |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Economic incentives |
Financial benefit from the gouvernement to a specific industry or business |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Economic incentives |
Financial benefit from the gouvernement to a specific industry or business |
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Patents |
Legal protection of an idea |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Economic incentives |
Financial benefit from the gouvernement to a specific industry or business |
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Patents |
Legal protection of an idea |
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Increasing returns |
Putting more workers and getting more products |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Economic incentives |
Financial benefit from the gouvernement to a specific industry or business |
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Patents |
Legal protection of an idea |
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Increasing returns |
Putting more workers and getting more products |
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Decreasing returns |
Putting in more workers and not getting as much product |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Economic incentives |
Financial benefit from the gouvernement to a specific industry or business |
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Patents |
Legal protection of an idea |
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Increasing returns |
Putting more workers and getting more products |
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Decreasing returns |
Putting in more workers and not getting as much product |
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GDP |
A country's overall value of goods and services |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Economic incentives |
Financial benefit from the gouvernement to a specific industry or business |
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Patents |
Legal protection of an idea |
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Increasing returns |
Putting more workers and getting more products |
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Decreasing returns |
Putting in more workers and not getting as much product |
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GDP |
A country's overall value of goods and services |
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Transfer payments |
Payments from the gouvernement to an individual |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Economic incentives |
Financial benefit from the gouvernement to a specific industry or business |
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Patents |
Legal protection of an idea |
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Increasing returns |
Putting more workers and getting more products |
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Decreasing returns |
Putting in more workers and not getting as much product |
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GDP |
A country's overall value of goods and services |
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Transfer payments |
Payments from the gouvernement to an individual |
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Domestic trade |
Trade within a country |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Economic incentives |
Financial benefit from the gouvernement to a specific industry or business |
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Patents |
Legal protection of an idea |
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Increasing returns |
Putting more workers and getting more products |
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Decreasing returns |
Putting in more workers and not getting as much product |
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GDP |
A country's overall value of goods and services |
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Transfer payments |
Payments from the gouvernement to an individual |
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Domestic trade |
Trade within a country |
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Commodity trade |
The trade of goods and materials |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Gouvernemental change |
The change of new or revisited laws |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Economic incentives |
Financial benefit from the gouvernement to a specific industry or business |
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Patents |
Legal protection of an idea |
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Increasing returns |
Putting more workers and getting more products |
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Decreasing returns |
Putting in more workers and not getting as much product |
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GDP |
A country's overall value of goods and services |
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Transfer payments |
Payments from the gouvernement to an individual |
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Domestic trade |
Trade within a country |
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Commodity trade |
The trade of goods and materials |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Gouvernemental change |
The change of new or revisited laws |
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Test marketing |
Introducing a product to a limited market to test its acceptance |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Economic incentives |
Financial benefit from the gouvernement to a specific industry or business |
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Patents |
Legal protection of an idea |
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Increasing returns |
Putting more workers and getting more products |
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Decreasing returns |
Putting in more workers and not getting as much product |
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GDP |
A country's overall value of goods and services |
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Transfer payments |
Payments from the gouvernement to an individual |
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Domestic trade |
Trade within a country |
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Commodity trade |
The trade of goods and materials |
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Revenues |
Earnings, income |
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Gouvernemental change |
The change of new or revisited laws |
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Test marketing |
Introducing a product to a limited market to test its acceptance |
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Research methods |
Interview- asking questions and getting information from participants in a study Casual- the investigation of an issue that looks at the effect of one thing on another Exploratory- collecting information to help the business define the issue, and decide how to progress with its research Experimental- research conducted by experiencing the outcome achieved by a good or service |
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Consumer protection laws |
Protect the buyer |
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Economic incentives |
Financial benefit from the gouvernement to a specific industry or business |
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Patents |
Legal protection of an idea |
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Increasing returns |
Putting more workers and getting more products |
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Decreasing returns |
Putting in more workers and not getting as much product |
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GDP |
A country's overall value of goods and services |
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Transfer payments |
Payments from the gouvernement to an individual |
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Domestic trade |
Trade within a country |
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Commodity trade |
The trade of goods and materials |
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Cluster sampling |
Groups of sampling units are selected from a population for analysis |
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Cluster sampling |
Groups of sampling units are selected from a population for analysis |
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Proportionate sampling |
The sample is composed of several subgroups that have different amounts of people, relative to the actual population |
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Cluster sampling |
Groups of sampling units are selected from a population for analysis |
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Proportionate sampling |
The sample is composed of several subgroups that have different amounts of people, relative to the actual population |
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Stratified random sampling |
An equal amount of people from each subgroup |
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Cluster sampling |
Groups of sampling units are selected from a population for analysis |
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Proportionate sampling |
The sample is composed of several subgroups that have different amounts of people, relative to the actual population |
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Stratified random sampling |
An equal amount of people from each subgroup |
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Simple sampling |
Used when the population is homogenous for the characteristic of interest |
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Cluster sampling |
Groups of sampling units are selected from a population for analysis |
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Proportionate sampling |
The sample is composed of several subgroups that have different amounts of people, relative to the actual population |
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Stratified random sampling |
An equal amount of people from each subgroup |
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Simple sampling |
Used when the population is homogenous for the characteristic of interest |
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Marketing plan |
Set of procedures for attracting the target customer to the business |
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Cluster sampling |
Groups of sampling units are selected from a population for analysis |
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Proportionate sampling |
The sample is composed of several subgroups that have different amounts of people, relative to the actual population |
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Stratified random sampling |
An equal amount of people from each subgroup |
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Simple sampling |
Used when the population is homogenous for the characteristic of interest |
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Marketing plan |
Set of procedures for attracting the target customer to the business |
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Groupware |
Allows multiple people to work on a document at the same time |
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Cluster sampling |
Groups of sampling units are selected from a population for analysis |
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Proportionate sampling |
The sample is composed of several subgroups that have different amounts of people, relative to the actual population |
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Stratified random sampling |
An equal amount of people from each subgroup |
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Simple sampling |
Used when the population is homogenous for the characteristic of interest |
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Marketing plan |
Set of procedures for attracting the target customer to the business |
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Groupware |
Allows multiple people to work on a document at the same time |
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Shareware |
Sample software that requires purchase after a certain amount of time |
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Environmental scan |
Monitoring a company's internal and external environments to detect threats |
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Environmental scan |
Monitoring a company's internal and external environments to detect threats |
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Price fixing |
All the companies that sell a certain good agree on a certain price (usually illegal) |
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Environmental scan |
Monitoring a company's internal and external environments to detect threats |
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Price fixing |
All the companies that sell a certain good agree on a certain price (usually illegal) |
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Internal factors |
Price, place and product |
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Environmental scan |
Monitoring a company's internal and external environments to detect threats |
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Price fixing |
All the companies that sell a certain good agree on a certain price (usually illegal) |
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Internal factors |
Price, place and product |
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External factors |
Competition and demand |
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Environmental scan |
Monitoring a company's internal and external environments to detect threats |
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Price fixing |
All the companies that sell a certain good agree on a certain price (usually illegal) |
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Internal factors |
Price, place and product |
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External factors |
Competition and demand |
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Types of word of mouth marketing |
Organic- naturally occurring word of mouth marketing Virtual- communicating a product promotion over the internet Mobile- communicating with mobile devices Shill- employees who pretend to be customers who are satisfied |
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Environmental scan |
Monitoring a company's internal and external environments to detect threats |
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Price fixing |
All the companies that sell a certain good agree on a certain price (usually illegal) |
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Internal factors |
Price, place and product |
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External factors |
Competition and demand |
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Types of word of mouth marketing |
Organic- naturally occurring word of mouth marketing Virtual- communicating a product promotion over the internet Mobile- communicating with mobile devices Shill- employees who pretend to be customers who are satisfied |
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Basic needs |
Food Shelter Air (Psychological) |
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Wholesaler |
Buys goods from producers or agents and sells them to retailers |
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Slotting allowance |
Cash premium that manufactured pay retailers to carry their product |
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Horizontal conflict |
Disagreement between two or more channel members at the same level |
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Horizontal conflict |
Disagreement between two or more channel members at the same level |
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Vertical conflict |
Disagreement between two channel members on consecutive levels |
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Upwards communication |
Moves up the chain of command from lower to higher authority |
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Horizontal feedback |
Communication among peers on the same level of authority |
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Dividends |
Sums of money paid to an investor or stockholder as earnings on an investment |
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Likert |
A scale that rates respondents feelings according to degree |
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Objective |
Not influenced by personal feelings or opinions |
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B2B marketing |
Focuses on personal selling |
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Overhead costs |
Expenses that businesses incur to preform everyday operations |
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Loss leader |
Product that a business prices extremely low or below cost |
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Promotional strategies |
Pull- producer promoting its product directly to the ultimate customer or industrial user Push- when a producer promotes its product to intermediaries, who promote the product to customers Product placement- using products as props on tv, I'm movies ect |
