Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Gynecomastia
Physiological |
Neonatal (due to hih palcental estrogens)
Pubertal (excess of estadiol over testosterone) Sennile (falling androgen rising levels of estrogen |
|
|
Gynecomastia
Pharmacological |
estrogen
digitalis anticancer drugs anti androgens reserpine phenothiazines tricyclic antidepressants Methyldopa |
|
|
Gynecomastia
Pathological |
Ca bronchus
teratoma testis cirrhosis hypogonadism (Klinefelter, castration) hypopituatrism testicular feminization (androgen insensitivity) Adrenal tumors Leydig cell tumors hypopituatrism |
|
|
Linear and Curvilinear Calcificationin Soft Tissues
|
Arterial
atheroma/aneurysm diabetes hyperparathyroidism Werner Syndrome (diabetic aging Jewish) Nerve Leprosy Neurofibromatosis Ligament Tendonitis (Pellegrini-Stieda, supraspinatis Ank. spond fluorosis Diabetes Alkaptonuria Bismuth Injection in Buttocks Parasites cysticerci (oval) guinea worm (irregular coiled appearance) Loa Loa (thread like coil web spaces of hand) Armillifer (comma shaped only in trunk muscles) |
|
|
Conglomerate Calcification in Soft Tissue
Collagenoses |
scleroderma (acrolysis and flexion contractions in the hands)
|
|
|
Conglomerate Calcification in Soft Tissue
Metabolic |
Hyperparathyroidism (more common secondary)
Gout |
|
|
Conglomerate Calcification in Soft Tissue
Traumatic |
hematoma
burns myositis ossificans (outer part more densly calcified than the center) |
|
|
Conglomerate Calcification in Soft Tissue
Infective |
TB abscess/ node
|
|
|
Conglomerate Calcification in Soft Tissue
neoplastic |
Benign
Parosteal lipoma (sometimes pressure erosins of adjacent bone) Malignant Paraosteal Osteosarcoma (age 20-40 Lobulated calcification aroud metaphysis inner part more densely calcified than periphery Extraskeletal osteosarcoma Synovial sarcoma Hemangioma (phleboliths) |
|
|
Sheets of Calcification/Ossification in Soft Tissues
|
Congenital Myositis Ossificans Progressiva (manifest in childhood initially neck and trunk muscles involved. Short 1st metacarpal and metatarsal)
Dermatomyositis |
|
|
Periarticular Soft Tissue Calcification
|
Inflammatory
scleoderma dermatomyositis gout bursitis Degenerative calcified periarthritis (calcium hydroxyapetite deposition disease) Calcim pyrophosphate deposition disease Renal Failure Secondary hyperparathyroidism Treatment Vit D Hypercalcemia Sarcoidosis (lacelike trabecullar pattern in tubular bones) Hypervitamonosis D Milk alkali syndrome Neoplastic synovial osteochondromatosis (20-50 large joint multiple loose calcified bodies) synovial sarcoma (age 20-50. Soft tissue mass with amorphous calcification irregular bone destruction and osteoporosis Idiopathic Tumoral Calcinosis (age 20-30 adjacent to major joint. Firm non tender movable mass well defined lobulated and calcified on X ray |
|
|
Soft Tissue Ossification
|
Traumatic myositis ossificans
burns neurogenic Neoplastic synovial sarcoma parosteal sarcoma liposarcoma Idiopathic fibrodysplasia progressiva |
|
|
CT of Swollen Legs
|
Normal
Venous thrombous or insufficiency lymphodema hematoma popliteal cyst |
