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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are risk lesions?
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Conditions that are benign but increase the risk for a malignant process
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What is TDLU? Why is it important?
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Terminal duct lobular unit
Site of FCC, hyperplasia, most carcinomas |
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Acute mastitis: what causes it? symptoms?
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Complication of breast feeding
Secondary infection of nipple cracks Fissures (skin bacteria) |
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Periductal mastitis: what is it? what increases the risk? how is it treated?
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Painful subareolar mass - reaction to keratin debris from ruptured ducts
Smoking Requires surgical excision |
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Mammary duct ectasia: define.
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Dilated ducts, dried up secretions, and a marked periductal and interstitial chronic inflammation. Can result in a poorly defined periareolar mass with thick discharge.
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Fat necrosis: when does it occur? how does it present?
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Occurs after trauma, surgery, radiation
Hard mass +/- calcifications mimicking cancer |
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Lymphocytic mastitis: who gets it? presentation? appearance?
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Women with IDDM or other autoimmune disease
Palpable mass Micro-dense intralobular, perilobular lymphocytes Lobular atrophy and keloidal-type fibrosis |
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Inflammatory carcinoma: what does it mimic? how? when should it be suspected?
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Mimics inflammation by obstruction of dermal lymphatics by tumor emboli
Should always be suspected when mastitis occurs in non-lactating women |
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Most common neoplasm of the breast?
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Fibroadenoma
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Fibroadenoma: age? clinical appearance?
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Well-circumscribed, freely movable, painless, regresses with age
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Fibroadenoma: what is it?
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Micro-overgrowth of fibrous and glandular tissue which maintains a regular arrangement
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Phyllodes tumors: appearance? age? b vs m?
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Leaf-like architecture, cellular stroma
45 years Benign, borderline, or malignant. Usually benign. |
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What is the most common lesion of the male breast?
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Gynecomastia
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Gynecomastia: What is it? when does it occur? hormonal changes? cause?
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Proliferation of ducts and stroma, with absence of lobular units
2 incidence peaks: adolescents, older males Always increased estrogen:progesterone ratio Most cases idiopathic |
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Fibrocystic change: where is it present? what does it include?
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TDLU
Considered to include cysts, epithelial hyperplasia without atypia, fibrosis, adenosis and minor degrees of SA |
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Fibrocystic change: how common?
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Probably present in >50% of women over 35
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Fibrocystic change: location, both anatomic and geographic
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Usually bilateral
More common in USA/Europe |
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What is adenosis?
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Proliferation of glands
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Name the 3 risk lesions with a mildly increased relative risk (1.5-3x)
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Moderate or florid epithelial hyperplasia without atypia
Sclerosing/tumoral adenosis Intraductal papilloma |
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Name the 2 risk lesions with a moderately increased relative risk (4-5x).
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Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH)
Atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) |
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ADH: general characteristics
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Uniform cells
Limited extend |
