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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A monohybrid cross looks at traits that result from ...
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two alleles (factors or forms of a gene) combine.
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If a trait has two different phenotypes and three different genotypes then the inheritance pattern is ...
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simple dominance.
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If tall peas are dominant to short peas, then the F2 that would result from a pure breeding tall pea crossed with a pure breeding short pea would show this ratio of tall to short ...
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3 tall to 1 short.
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What is the purpose of a test cross?
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To determine the genotype of an individual with the dominant phenotype.
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A test cross is done by crossing an unknown individual showing the ______________ phenotype with an individual shown the _______ ___________ phenotype.
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dominant
most recessive |
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Gegor Mendel is famous for his study of heredity by breeding ...
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peas!
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Alternate forms of genes are known as ...
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alleles.
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During meiosis two alleles separate so that each gamete receives only one form of the gene. This is known as the principle of
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segregation, or law of segregation.
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The principal or law of Independent Assortment states that each trait ...
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is inherited independent of other traits.
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The outward "look" or observable appearance of a trait is known as the ...
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phenotype.
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The internal, specific arrangement of alleles for a trait is known as the ...
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genotype.
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A genotype that contains only one type of allele for a trait is known as ...
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homozygous or purebreeding.
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A genotype that contains different alleles for a trait is known as ...
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heterozygous.
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If a trait has three different phenotypes and three different genotypes then the inheritance pattern is ...
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incomplete dominance.
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In a situation where the heterozygous genotype produces it's own unique phenotype, the inheritance pattern is ...
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incomplete dominance.
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If the phenotype that results from the heterozygous genotype is a blend of the the homozygous phenotypes, the inheritance pattern is ...
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intermediate inheritance.
ex: flower colour. |
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If the phenotype that results from the heterozygous genotype is a full expression of both homozygous phenotypes, the inheritance pattern is ...
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codominance.
ex: cattle coat colour (roan cattle) |
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If there are four or more possible phenotypes, but the trait being considered is still single gene trait, then the inheritance pattern is ...
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multiple alleles.
This could then involve an order of dominance, or some combination of other inheritance patterns. |
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The trait for human blood type is a multiple allelic trait, with A, B, and O alleles.
Explain the interaction of each of these alleles in terms of inheritance patterns. |
A and B are codominant with each other.
Both A and B are completely dominant over O. |
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A carrier is
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An individual who possesses a mutant allele but does not express it in the phenotype because of a dominant allelic partner; thus, an individual of genotype Aa is a carrier of a, if there is complete dominance of A over a.
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An allele that expresses its phenotypic effect even when heterozygous with a recessive allele is known as a
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dominant allele
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The first filial generation, produced by crossing two parental lines is known as
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F1 generation
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The second filial generation, produced by selfing or intercrossing the F1 is known as
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F2 generation
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