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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The site of sperm production in males is
(specific location) |
the seminiferous tubules in the testes.
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This sturcture holds and matures sperm
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the Epididymis.
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This tube transfers sperm from the testicles to the seminal vesicles.
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The Vas Deferens.
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The scrotum holds the testicles in place, but also helps regulate
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their temperature to keep them 1 - 2 oC below body temperature. This is ideal for sperm production.
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Seminal vessicles contribute ___________ and ___________ to semen.
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fructose and prostaglandins
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The prostate gland contributes ____________ to semen.
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alkaline buffer
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Seminal vessicles, prostate gland and the ____________________ gland together contribute secretions to make up semen.
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bulbourethral (cowpers)
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The male penis swells with blood causing an erection. This is important to reproduction because
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this allows sperm to be deposited inside the vagina, just outside of the cervix.
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In males, the urethra transports
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sperm and semen, and urine (though at different times).
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Spermatogonia replace themselves in the seminiferous tubules by dividing by
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mitosis.
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Spermatocytes divide by ___________ and eventually become sperm cells
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meiosis
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The head of a sperm contains a structure known as the ___________, which holds special enzymes to help break into an egg cell.
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acrosome
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If an organism has 24 chromosomes in its body (somatic) cells, than it's sperm cells would be expected to contain _________ chromosomes.
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12
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The mid piece of a sperm cell contains lots of these cellular organelles.
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mitochondria
(to provide energy). |
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Testosterone in a male body is responsible for
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hair distribution
growth of larynx bone growth protein synthesis male pattern baldness sex drive aggressive behavior (?) |
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A common surgical method of male birth control known as a ____________, where they cut the ____________, and thereby prevent sperm from leaving the body.
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vasectomy,
vas deferense |
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GnRH
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Hormone "A" would be
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LH or Leutinizing hormone.
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Hormone "C" is most likely
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D or "inhibin".
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Which hormone would most likely be present in a male birth control pill?
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Two common male cancers and their typical age of infection would be
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Testicular cancer (early 20 - 30s)
Prostate cancer (later 50 - 70s) |
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The female structure that is both a gland and the site of ovum developement.
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The ovaries.
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Fertilization usually occurs in the ____________ ______ for the new life to have time to develop and implant.
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fallopian tubes
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These extentions help sweep a released egg into the fallopian tubes.
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Fimbria.
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The lining of the uterus which grows and thickens each month in preparation for a fertile egg implantation is known as the
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endometrium linning.
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The birth canal or the site of copulation is the
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vagina.
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The strong muscular ending to the uterus that hold a developing embryo inside during pregnancy is the
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cervix.
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The analogous structure to the head of the male penis, that provides simtulation in females is the
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clitoris
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The two hormones that target mammary glands in breast tissue are
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oxytocin to let the milk down and prolactin to maintain milk production.
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Oogonia do not to this kind of cellular division and therefore to not replace themsleves.
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mitosis.
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Oocytes continue the process of _______ on their way to becoming mature eggs
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meiosis.
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Meisosis in a mature ova will only finish if
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the ova is fertilized by a sperm cell.
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In contrast to male gametogenesis, female gametogenesis results in only one haploid gamete. This is because of
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unequal Cytokinesis.
This is needed to provide the new cell with the most cytoplasm as possible. |
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The absence of a menstrual cycle is known as
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Amenorrhea
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Menopause in females is when ____________ _______, and usually occures around age _________.
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menstrual cycles stop,
50. |
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Day 1 - 5 of the female menstral cycle iis called the __________ phase and is characterized by
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flow
a lack of hormones, causing the endometrium lining to be shed. |
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Day 6 - 13 of the female menstral cycle is called the _________ phase and is characterized by
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follicular
high FSH and later estrogen levels. Ends with a spike in LH |
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Day 14 of the female menstral cycle is marked by an event called
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ovulation.
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Day 15 - 28 of the female menstral cycle is called the _________ phase and is characterized by
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luteal
high estrogen and progesterone levels from the corpus luteum ends with sharp decline in hormones if no pregancy occurs. |
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The hormone __________ directly targets the endometrial lining and is secreted by _____________ ____ found in the ___________.
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estrogren
follicle cells ovaries. |
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High levels of estrogen and progesterone have a ___________ feedback effect on FSH release from the pituitary.
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negative
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High levels of pre-ovulatory estrogen has a ____________ feedback effect on LH release from the pituitary.
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positive
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Birth control pills have high levels of these hormones.
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Progesterone and estrogen.
Especially progesterone. |
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Describe a woman's temperature immediately before and during ovulation.
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Just before ovulation a woman's core temperature will dip, then spike by 1/2 to 1 degree
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Female secondary sex characteristics are often related to the high levels of this hormone found after the onset of puberty
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Estrogen.
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STDs caused by viruses include
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hepatitis B, herpes, HIV and the human papilloma virus (HPV).
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STDs caused by bacteria include
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chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis.
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Do spermicides help reduce the risk for STDs?
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No.
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Two common STDs that may cause infertility are
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chlamydia and gonorrhea.
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A common surgical birth control for females is
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tubal ligation.
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A common female reproductive cancer that becomes more likely with sexual intercourse is
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cervical cancer.
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Some common female reproductive cancers include
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ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and breast cancer.
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HPV, (Human papillomaviruses), can increase the likely hood of this female reproductive cancer
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cervical cancer.
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When endometial tissue is found outside the uterous in females, they have a condition known as
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endometriosis.
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cervix
hold the developing embryo in the uterus. |
Structure "K" is the __________ and functions to
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labia minora
prevent infection of the vagina. |
Structure labeled "I" is the ____________ ________ and functions to
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B the ovary
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This stucture is the site of oogenesis and estrogen and progesterone production
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Seminal Vessicles
fructose and prostaglandins |
Structure "B" are the _____________ and add __________ and ___________ to semen.
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epididymis
hold and mature sperm |
Structure "I" is the _____________ and functions to
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