Day 1-3 For Dit

Front 1

C diptheriae toxin

Back 1

exotoxin ADP ribosylation

EF-2 (like pseudomonas)
interferes w/ protein in heart and nerves

Front 2

3 bugs that inc cAMP due to ADP ribocylation

Back 2

e coli cholerae, bordetella pertussis

ecoli and cholerae are Gs; pertussis is Gi inhib/inhibitor

Front 3

vibrio cholerae toxin

Back 3

exotoxin ADP ribosylation

inc cAMP, stim adenylate cyclase Gs pump Cl out of cells dec Na absorp; H20 in gut; rice water diarrhea
heat labile toxin

Front 4

e coli toxin

Back 4

exotoxin ADP ribosylation
inc cAMP, Gs heat labile toxin

if heat stable then gualylate-->watery diarrhea

Front 5

bordatella pertussis toxin

Back 5

exotoxin ADP ribosylation
Gi inc cAMP inhib inhibitor

Front 6

clostridium toxin

Back 6

cytolysin toxin; lecithinase esp in perfringens
PL cleaves pm gas gangrene to hemolysis
exotoxin

Front 7

C tetani toxin

Back 7

exotoxin
inhib GABA and glyceine to excite

Front 8

C botulism toxin

Back 8

blocks Ach for parylsis

Front 9

bacillus anthracis toxin

Back 9

edema factor is the toxin is adelyate cyclase inc cAMP

Front 10

shigella toxin

Back 10

like Ecoli
cleaves host rRNA 60s cytokine release HUS

Front 11

bacteria w/ capsule

Back 11

some killers have nice shiny bodies
strep pneumo, klebsiella, HI, neisseria, salmonella group B strep

serves as antigen in vaccines
+ quellung reaction

Front 12

SHiN does 3 things

Back 12

DNA competance from the environment, capsules, in splenic def,

Front 13

plasmid

Back 13

Ab resistance...what is transferred in conjugation (DNA)

Front 14

6 things that don't gram stain

Back 14

treponemes, rickettsia, chlamydia, legionella, myoplasma, mycobacteria

these rascals may microscopic lack color

Front 15

2 obligate intracellular and 1 facultative

Back 15

legionella
chalmydia/rickettisa--can't make own ATP; lack SOD and catalase

Front 16

PAS stain

Back 16

whipples
sugar mucopolysacc

Front 17

ziehl neelson stain

Back 17

acid fast stain mycolic acid

Front 18

india ink stain

Back 18

cryptococcus
stains background not bact

Front 19

silver stain

Back 19

jirroveci, legionella, h pylori

Front 20

culture for HIB

Back 20

chocolate agar need V (NAD) X (hematin)

Front 21

culture gonorrheae

Back 21

thayer martin w/ VPN

Front 22

bortetella pertussis culture

Back 22

bordet-gnegou potato

Front 23

diptheriae culture

Back 23

tellurite plate loffler's media

Front 24

culture TB

Back 24

lowenstein jensen 3-5 weeks

Front 25

m pneumo culture

Back 25

eaton's agar

Front 26

mcconkey's agar

Back 26

lactose fermenting, crystal violet + bile acid
pink stain
rule out gram +

Front 27

legionella culture

Back 27

charcoal yeast extract + cystein

Front 28

obligate aerobes

Back 28

pseudomonas, nocardia, bacillus, mycobact

Front 29

obligate anerobes

Back 29

actinomyces, clostridium, bacteriodes; no SOD or catalase
aminoglycocydes are ineff b/c NEED O2
tx w/ metronidazole or clindamycin

Front 30

3 atypical pneumonia

Back 30

legionella, chlamydia pneumo, mycoplasma
treat w/ macrolides (azithromycin)

Front 31

IL-8

Back 31

neutrophils clear infection

Front 32

IL-12

Back 32

T cell diff into Th1 act NK cells, secreted by B cells
mycobacterial infections

Front 33

il-10

Back 33

inhib Th1 cell,
act Th2
inhib mac diff

Front 34

TNF-a

Back 34

septic shock inflammation
leukocyte recruitment
activates apoptosis
T4HS

Front 35

IFNa/b

Back 35

inhib viral proteins act NK cells

Front 36

chemotaxic agents

Back 36

c5a LTB4 IL-8

Front 37

opsonins

Back 37

C3b IgG

Front 38

PNH

Back 38

no DAF CD55/59 (lysis of RBCs , HAM test (low pH) flow cytometry, hemociderinuria, intravascular hemolysis; tx: give iron, warfarin, bm transplant)

Front 39

hereditary angioedema

Back 39

C1 esterase def; help prevent complement act on self cells; def of C3 severe recurrent pyogenic resp tract infections (T3HS

Front 40

graft vs host disease

Back 40

HSM, jaundice, diarrhea; BM and liver transplant; T4HS
↑sed rate-polymyalgia rhematica, temporal arteritits, RA disease activity, infection, inflammation, malignancy

Front 41

bruton's agammaglobulinemia

Back 41

XR (boys), B cell defdefective TK, bacterial infections; after 6 mo

Front 42

digeorge syndrome

Back 42

Thymic aplasia-chrom 22 3rd/4th pouch no T cells, no PTH=no ca=tetany, recurrent viral/fungal/protozoal infections, congenital heart/great vessel defects (tetrology of fallot); FISH 22q11; no CMI

Front 43

SCID

Back 43

defect in adenosine deaminase def, ↓B/T, Il-2 def; viral, bact, fungal, protozoal; tx: BM transplant; diarrhea, failure to thrive, absent thymic shadow! ↓IL-2R ↓Tcell act; ↑adenine (↓dNTPs ↓DNA); NK cells is defence

Front 44

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

Back 44

long term ketoconazole; T cell dysfunction Candida albicans infections of skin

Front 45

wiscott alderich

Back 45

WAITER immunodef, TP and purpura, truncal ecezema, recurrent pyogenic infections no IgM ↑↑IgA; progressive deletions of B/T

Front 46

hyper IgM

Back 46

defect CD40 on help T can’t switch, pyogenic infections; ↑IgM, ↓↓IgG, A, E; lymphoid hyperplasia and recurrent sp infections

Front 47

ataxia telanchitasia

Back 47

-↓↓IgA, Cb ataxia poor smooth persuit, ↑CA risk, radiation sn, ↑AFP, death 25 y/o; defect DNA repair enzymes
↓↓IgA def MChealthy, sinus/lung infections, a/w atopy, asthma, blood transfusion anaphylaxis missing CD19

Front 48

CVID

Back 48

defect B cell maturation; can be acquired 20-30, ↑ risk AI disease, SP infections, lymphoma; normal B cells ↓ plasma cells, Ig

Front 49

hyperIgE syndrome

Back 49

job’s syndrome)- no IFNγ neutrophils don’t respond; FATED (coarse Facies, staph Abscesses, retained primary Teeth, ↑↑IgE, Dermatologic prob (eczema)