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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Bit
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A single binary digit: 1 or 0
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Byte
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8 bits
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Nibble
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4 bits
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Kilobyte
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1024 bytes / 210 bytes
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Megabyte
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1024 kilobytes / 220 bytes
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Gigabyte
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1024 megabytes / 230 bytes
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Terabyte
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1024 gigabytes / 240 bytes
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Binary Base
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2 number system, used by computers, uses the digits 1 & 0 only.
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Denary Base
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10 number system, how we normally count, uses digits 0 to 9.
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Hexadecimal (hex)
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Base 16 number system used by humans to represent groups of four bits at a time. Uses digits 0 to F.
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Character set
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The set of symbols that can be represented by a computer. The symbols are called characters and can be letters, digits, space, punctuation marks and some control characters such as “escape”. Each character is represented by a numerical code that is stored as a binary integer.
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ASCII
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American Standard Code for Information Interchange: a 7-bit character set used by PCs. (There is also an extended ASCII character set that uses 8 bits.)
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Bitmap image
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An image that has been stored as a series of values per pixel. The colour of each individual pixel is stored in a file.
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Pixel
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Short for picture element. It is the smallest component of a bit-mapped image.
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Colour depth
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The number of bits used to represent the colour of a single pixel in a bitmapped image. Higher colour depth gives a broader range of distinct colours. For example, an image stored as a .gif file uses 8 bits per pixel so the image could use 256 different colours.
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Resolution
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The number of pixels in an image expressed as: the-number-of-pixels-across x the-number-of-pixels-down eg: 400 x 600.
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Metadata
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Data about data. In the case of image files metadata is the data the computer needs to interpret the image data in the file, for example: resolution, colour depth and image dimensions.
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Analogue
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A continuously changing wave such as natural sound.
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Digital
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Data that is made up of separate values. How data is stored on a computer.
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Sample rate
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The number of times per second that the sound wave is measured. The higher the rate the more accurately the sound wave is represented.
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Sample interval
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The time gap between measurements of the sound wave being taken.
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Sample resolution
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The number of bits used to store the value of each sample. The higher the number of bits the more accurately the value is stored.
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ADC
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Analogue to Digital converter: takes real-world analogue data and converts it to a binary representation that can be stored on a computer.
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Data
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Facts and figures with no context or format to give them meaning.
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Information |
Processed data that has context and format so that it conveys meaning. |