Data Management

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A collection of facts, such as numbers, words, measurements, observations or just description of thing.

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DATA

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Also called attribute data are typically associated with inherent characteristics of the items under consideration.

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QUALITATIVE DATA

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Also called as number of data result from a process that quantify which includes counts of or measurements.

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QUANTITATIVE DATA

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Data that represent counts.

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DISCRETE NUMERICAL DATA

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Data that represents measurement.

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CONTINOUS NUMERICAL DATA

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Is characterized by data that consists of names, labels, or categories only.

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NOMINAL LEVEL

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Involves data that may be arranged in some order but differences data values either cannot be determined or are meaningless.

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ORDINAL LEVEL

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Is like the ordinal level but meaningful amounts of differences between data can be determined. It has no inherent (natural) zero of the quality is present.

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INTERVAL LEVEL

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Is the interval level modified to inherent zero starting point where zero in the two none of the quantity is present.

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RATIO LEVEL

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In this sampling technique, each member of the population has the same chance of being chosen, with no one member being favored over any other.

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RANDOM SAMPLING

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This is typically used when a list of the population is readily available. The samples are determined by choosing every item on the list until the desire number of samples are.

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SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING

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In this technique, the population is divided into some groups of strata and then a small sample is taken from each stratum. Each sub sample then drawn in equal numbers from each stratum.

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STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

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The population is divided into strata, except that now certain strata selected randomly, and the sample is chosen from only those strata.

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CLUSTER METHOD

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are of used to gather detailed and qualitative description. In this methods, questions generally open ended and responses are documented in through and detailed not transcription.

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INTERVIEWS AND FOCUS GROUPS

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These are indirect and commonly used methods of gathering data. They are collected by the evaluator to gather specific information from respondents.

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SURVEYS AND QUESTIONNAIRES

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Are generally an unobtrusive method for gathering information about a certain concern or interest.

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OBSERVATIONS

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This method of gathering data of information is enforced by certain laws. In this method, the information are kept, systematized and made available to all for future references.

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REGISTRATION METHOD

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This method is used when the objective is to determine the cause and effects relationship to certain phenomena under controlled condition.

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EXPERIMENT METHOD

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The textual presentation context and figures in statistical report. To direct the reader's attention to some of which need particular emphasis and pro comparison.

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TEXTUAL OR NARRATIVE PRESENTATION

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This method is better than the textual method because it provides numerical facts in a more conscience and systematics manner. Statistical tables are used to facilitate comparison and analysis of relations.

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TABULAR PRESENTATION

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Graphs,in general, do not present as much data d in details as the tables. When data are shown in terms of visually interpret illustration, the reader easily sees essential facts and relations.

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GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION