Dat Sample Questions Bio

Front 1

Organisms that obtain their energy from
light can be termed
A. autotrophic.
B. holotrophic.
C. chemotrophic.
D. heterotrophic.
E. heliotrophic.

Back 1

A. autotrophs are organisms that obtain energy by utilizing outside sources. An autotroph that uses the sun for energy is phototrophic, which was not listed.

Front 2

Fermentation
A. produces pyruvic acid as an end
product.
B. yields less energy per mole of
glucose than aerobic respiration.
C. occurs only in the presence of
oxygen.
D. prevents glycolysis from occurring.
E. converts ethanol to glucose.

Back 2

B is the only correct one.

A- incorrect: pyruvate is the starting material, not the product.
C- incorrect: fermentation can occur in the absence of oxygen
D-incorrect: glycolysis provides the pyruvate, why would it prevent this from happening?
E- incorrect: ethanol is a possible product, if the fermenter is yeast

Front 3

In respiration, oxygen
A. combines with lactic acid to form
pyruvic acid.
B. acts as a cofactor for glycolytic
enzymes.
C. yields energy in the form of ATP as
it is passed down the respiratory
chain.
D. acts as an acceptor for electrons
(and protons), forming water.
E. combines directly with carbon,
forming CO2

Back 3

D- correct: oxygen is the terminal electron in the ETC

Front 4

An enzyme is added to an aqueous
solution of ATP, DNA, albumen, fat and
glycogen; the reaction mixture is
incubated for 10 minutes. If an analysis of
the mixture reveals the presence of all of
the above compounds plus glucose, it
can be concluded that the enzyme
hydrolyzed some of the
A. albumen.
B. fat.
C. glycogen.
D. ATP.
E. DNA.

Back 4

C: Glycogen is made up of glucose

Front 5

What cellular organelles would you
expect to be absent from fungi?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosomes
C. Ribosomes
D. Golgi bodies
E. Chloroplasts

Back 5

E: Chloroplasts are only found in photosynthetic organisms. Fungi are not photosynthetic.

Front 6

Intracellular organelles that participate in
metabolic oxidations involving H2O2
are
called
A. centrioles.
B. endoplasmic granules.
C. peroxisomes.
D. lysosomes.
E. macrobodies

Back 6

C. The answer is in the question. H2O2 is peroxide, so it is found in peroxisomes.

Front 7

The two daughter cells formed by mitosis
and cytokinesis have
A. half the number of chromosomes
present in the parent cell.
B. half the number of the
chromosomes present in the parent
cell if this parent cell is found in the
testicular or ovarian tissue.
C. the same number of chromosomes
present in the parent cell.
D. twice the number of chromosomes
present in the parent cell.
E. a variable number of chromosomes
so that an exact prediction cannot
be made.

Back 7

C. Mitosis makes clones of the parent cell.

Front 8

Starch, cellulose and glycogen are all
A. proteins.
B. linked internally by hydrogen
bonds.
C. water soluble.
D. polymers of glucose.
E. nucleic acids.

Back 8

D

Front 9

Each of the following cell organelles have
a membranous structure EXCEPT one.
Which one is the EXCEPTION?
A. Golgi complex
B. Centrioles
C. Mitochondria
D. Lysosomes
E. Endoplasmic reticulum

Back 9

B. Centrioles are composed of microtubules.

Front 10

In anaerobic glycolysis in muscle cells,
one mole of glucose is oxidized to
A. six moles of carbon dioxide.
B. two moles of acetic aid.
C. two moles of lactic acid.
D. two moles of acetyl CoA.
E. two moles of carbon dioxide and six
moles of water.

Back 10

C. During strenuous exercise, the concentration of oxygen in the muscles decreases, so normal respiration can't happen. In these cases, the muscle cells use a form of fermentation to break down the pyruvate from glycolysis into lactic acid.

Front 11

The movement of water soluble
molecules through cell membranes, from
higher to lower concentrations, by
attachment to a carrier protein, describes
A. diffusions.
B. osmosis.
C. pinocytosis.
D. active transport.
E. facilitated diffusion.

Back 11

E. High-low movement=diffusion, carrier protein=facilitated

Front 12

As far as their products are concerned,
all biosynthetic reactions in living cells
result in
A. a more ordered state, therefore a
decrease in entropy.
B. a more ordered state, therefore an
increase in entropy.
C. energy released in the form of ATP.
D. energy made available for motion.
E. a more ordered state with no
entropy change.

Back 12

A. entropy is disorder, so more ordered = less entropy

Front 13

Which is the smallest organelle in the
cell?
A. Golgi body
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Ribosome
E. Chloroplast

Back 13

A

Front 14

For a given diameter of an axon, one
factor which increases the velocity of a
nerve impulse is
A. the length of the axon.
B. the ploidy of the nucleus.
C. the density of mitochondria along
the axon.
D. maximal stimulation of the neuron.
E. the presence of a myelin sheath.

Back 14

E. Two things increase velocity: more myelin and a large diameter

Front 15

Which chiefly stimulates action of the
respiratory center?
A. Carbon dioxide in the blood
B. Relaxin
C. Lack of oxygen in the blood
D. Inflation of the alveolus
E. Vagus nerve

Back 15

A. Need to get rid of the waste!

Front 16

The term motor unit refers to
A. an entire muscle.
B. a single muscle fiber.
C. all the muscle fibers innervated by
one nerve fiber.
D. all the motor nerves in one muscle.
E. all the sliding filaments of actin and
myosin in one muscle fiber.

Back 16

C

Front 17

The human heart beat is initiated within
the
A. sinus venosus.
B. Hensen’s node.
C. conus arteriosus.
D. artio-ventricular node.
E. sino-atrial node.

Back 17

E

Front 18

In the nephron of the kidney, filtration
occurs between
A. Bowman’s capsule and Henle’s
loop.
B. the glomerulus and Bowman’s
capsule.
C. the proximal tubule and Henle’s
loop.
D. Henle’s loop and the vasa recta.
E. the peritubular network and the
convoluted tubules.

Back 18

B

Front 19

The addition of potassium iodide as a
nutritional supplement to common table
salt would most directly affect the function
of which of these glands?
A. Thyroid
B. Sweat glands
C. Adrenal cortex
D. Kidneys
E. Parathyroid

Back 19

A

Front 20

Each of the following is synthesized by
the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland of
vertebrates EXCEPT one. Which one is
the EXCEPTION?
A. Thyrotropic hormone
B. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
C. Follicle-stimulating hormone
D. Growth hormone
E. Oxytocin

Back 20

E. oxytocin is synthesized in the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary

Front 21

Clotting of human blood
A. requires that hemoglobin be present.
B. results from fibrin joining globulin.
C. is a result of platelets releasing fibrinogen.
D. depends on the formation of fibrin from fibrinogen.
E. is accelerated when Ca
2+ is removed.

Back 21

D

Front 22

At some stage of development, all
chordates have
A. a pharynx, a vertebral column, and a notochord.
B. pharyngeal pouches, a notochord,
and a dorsal tubular nerve cord.
C. pharyngeal pouches, a notochord, and a ventral nerve cord.
D. pharyngeal pouches, vertebral
column, and a dorsal tubular nerve cord.
E. a pharynx and an ectodermally derived, solid nerve cord.

Back 22

B

Front 23

Organisms that have the characteristics
of radial symmetry, water vascular
system, a spiny skin, and are found
exclusively in a marine habitat would be
in which phylum?
A. Annelida
B. Chordata
C. Cnidaria
D. Porifera
E. Echinodermata

Back 23

E

Front 24

Of the following, which group of
invertebrates is apparently most closely
related to primitive vertebrates?
A. Annelida
B. Mollusca
C. Cnidaria
D. Arthropoda
E. Echinodermata

Back 24

E

Front 25

Under the five-kingdom classification,
members of the kingdom Monera are
generally separated from the members of
all the other kingdoms by having
A. heterotrophic nutrition versus autotrophic nutrition.
B. unicellular organization versus multicellular organization.
C. microscopic size versus macroscopic size.
D. prokaryotic cells versus eukaryotic cells.
E. parasite-host relationship versus predator-prey relationship.

Back 25

D. Monera contains the bacteria.

Front 26

A segment of DNA with the sequence

GGCATTAGG would be transcribed into a

messenger RNA segment with the

sequence

A. CCGUAAUCC.

B. AATGCCGTT.

C. CCGTAATCC.

tD. AAUGCCGUU.

E. CCGTUUTGG.

Back 26

A. RNA A-U and C-G

Front 27

Assuming no linkage, how many different
kinds of gametes can be produced by an
organism with the genotype AaBbcc?
A. 32
B. 16
C. 8
D. 6
E. 4

Back 27

E

Front 28

Which statement concerning alleles is
true for diploid organisms?
1. At most only two alleles occur at a given locus in an organisms genome.
2. Alleles occupy an identical locus in homologous chromosomes.
3. Alleles of a given gene usually occur on non-homologous chromosomes.
4. A single chromosome usually carries two alleles of each gene.
A. 4
B. 1 and 2
C. 3
D. 1, 2 and 4
E. 3 and 4

Back 28

D

Front 29

In watermelons, the unlinked genes for
green color (G) and for short length (S)
are dominant over alleles for striped color
(g) and long length (s). Predict the
phenotypes and their ratios for the cross
Ggss x ggSs.
A. All green short
B. 1:2:1 green short: striped long:
striped short
C. All striped long
D. 1:1:1:1 green short: striped short:
green long: striped long
E. 1:1 green short: striped long

Back 29

D

Front 30

Sexual and asexual reproduction usually
differ in
A. the ability of the new offspring to reproduce.
B. the rate at which mutations occur.
C. the amount of genotypic variation between parent and offspring.
D. the viability of offspring.
E. whether or not natural selection can occur.

Back 30

C
sexual produces genetically different offspring.
asexual produces clones, more or less.

Front 31

In human beings, color blindness is
controlled by an X-linked recessive allele.
In a cross involving this X-linked trait, the
male parent has normal color vision, but
the female parent is a carrier. What are
the chances (in %) that a male offspring
will inherit color blindness?
A. 10
B. 25
C. 50
D. 75
E. 100

Back 31

C.

Front 32

Consider a pair of homologous human
chromosomes. In this pair one would
expect
A. them to be genetically identical.
B. one chromosome to carry dominant alleles and the other recessive alleles.
C. one chromosome to have been inherited from the mother and the other from the father.
D. the two chromosomes to synapse during mitotic prophase.
E. them to have different shapes.

Back 32

C

Front 33

Embryonic induction is a process in
which
A. embryonic tissues influence adjacent tissues to differentiate.
B. an unfertilized egg is induced to develop.
C. genes are transferred from one developing tissue to another.
D. resting potentials are induced in neurons of embryos.
E. the maternal parent induces expression of recessive genes in embryos.

Back 33

A

Front 34

Which statement is true of the
archenteron?
A. The cavity of the archenteron is called the blastocoele.
B. The cavity of the archenteron represents the beginning of the primitive gut.
C. The archenteron is formed during blastula formation.
D. The cavity of the archenteron represents the first cavity of the developing heart.
E. The archenteron is formed by a closing of the neural tube.

Back 34

B

Front 35

Of the germ layers comprising the early
human embryo, which one forms most of
the central nervous system?
A. Ectoderm
B. Mesoderm
C. Endoderm
D. Notochord
E. Dermis

Back 35

A

Front 36

Of the following, the rate and type of
cleavage occurring after fertilization
would be most affected by the
A. amount and distribution of yolk.
B. number of chromosomes.
C. thickness of the cell membrane.
D. temperature.
E. thickness of the zona pellucida.

Back 36

A

Front 37

The long-term natural process by which a
pond eventually becomes a terrestrial
community is referred to as
A. environmental disruption.
B. habitat development.
C. organic evolution.
D. ecological succession.
E. desertification.

Back 37

D

Front 38

The initial step in the speciation process
often involves
A. inbreeding within the species.
B. geographical separation of populations.
C. intraspecific-random mating.
D. the inheritance of acquired characteristics.
E. a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Back 38

B

Front 39

A complex behavioral response to a
specific cue or releaser, which is
exhibited by all members of the species
as a stereotyped response to the same
stimulus, is known as a
A. conditioned response.
B. fixed-action pattern.
C. reflex.
D. kinesis.
E. taxis.

Back 39

B

Front 40

Each of the following changes the
frequency of alleles in a population
EXCEPT one. Which one is the
EXCEPTION?
A. Mutation
B. Natural selection
C. Immigration
D. Random interbreeding
E. Genetic drift

Back 40

D