Dakota Ir Test 2

Front 1

Iron Curtain

Back 1

It symbolized the ideological conflict and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991. The Iron Curtain was erected by the Soviet Union to block itself off and its dependent and central European allies from open contact with the west and non-communist areas

Front 2

Hungarian(1956) and Czech (1968) Invasions

Back 2

The Soviet Union invaded Czechoslovakia because the Czechs where trying to join the U.S. in the Marshall plan to aid in post war rebuilding but the Soviet Union did not like this so they invaded.
Hungary was trying to leave the Warsaw Pact and the Soviet Union did not like this so they invaded to stop it from happening.

Front 3

Domino Theory

Back 3

a theory during the 1950s to 1980s, promoted at times by the government of the United States, that speculated that if one state in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow in a domino effect

Front 4

Berlin Wall

Back 4

was a barrier constructed by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) starting on 13 August 1961, that completely cut off (by land) West Berlin from surrounding East Germany and from East Berlin

Front 5

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Back 5

It is of historical significance because it gave U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson authorization, without a formal declaration of war by Congress, for the use of "conventional'' military force in Southeast Asia. Specifically, the resolution authorized the President to do whatever necessary in order to assist "any member or protocol state of the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty". This included involving armed forces.

Front 6

Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD)\

Back 6

is a doctrine of military strategy and national security policy in which a full-scale use of high-yield weapons of mass destruction by two opposing sides would effectively result in the complete, utter and irrevocable annihilation of both the attacker and the defender

Front 7

Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty

Back 7

was a treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union on the limitation of the anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems used in defending areas against missile-delivered nuclear weapons.

Front 8

Détente

Back 8

The term is often used in reference to the general easing of geo-political tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States

Front 9

Carter Doctirine

Back 9

was a policy proclaimed by President of the United States Jimmy Carter in his State of the Union Address on January 23, 1980, which stated that the U.S. would use military force if necessary to defend its national interests in the Persian Gulf region. The doctrine was a response to the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, and was intended to deter the Soviet Union from seeking hegemony in the Gulf.

Front 10

Glasnost and Perestroika

Back 10

"Perestroika" (restructuring) and "glasnost" (openness) were Mikhail Gorbachev's watchwords for the renovation of the Soviet body politic and society that he pursued as general secretary of the Communist Party from 1985 until 1991.

Front 11

First Gulf War (1991)

Back 11

codenamed Operation Desert Storm (17 January 1991 – 28 February 1991) was a war waged by a U.N.-authorized Coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.

Front 12

First World Trade Center Bombing (1993)

Back 12

It is the first act of terrorism on American soil.

Front 13

USS Cole (2000)

Back 13

The USS Cole bombing was a suicide attack against the United States Navy guided-missile destroyer USS Cole on October 12, 2000, while it was harbored and being refueled in the Yemen port of Aden. Seventeen American sailors were killed, and 39 were injured.[1] This event was the deadliest attack against a United States Naval vessel since 1987.
The terrorist organization al-Qaeda claimed responsibility for the attack. A U.S. judge has held Sudan liable for the attack, while another has released over $13 million in Sudanese frozen assets to the relatives of those killed. The American Navy has reconsidered their rules of engagement in response to this attack.

Front 14

‘Clash of Civilizations’

Back 14

Is the term that was used by Samuel Huntington to explain how the world was going to function after the Cold War. These civilizations are west, Latin America, Islamic, Slavic-orthodox, Chinese, Hindu, and Japanese.

Front 15

Jihad

Back 15

an Islamic term which translates to “struggle” and is a religious duty of Muslims

Front 16

Ethnic Cleansing

Back 16

The mass expulsion or killing of members of an ethnic or religious group in a society

Front 17

Preemption (Bush Doctrine)

Back 17

It states that the United States should prevent war with threating countries by disposing of them before they can attack us.

Front 18

Intifada

Back 18

is an Arabic word which literally means "shaking off", though it is popularly translated into English as "uprising", "resistance", or "rebellion".R