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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Characteristics of Dada
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- more of a mind-set than a single identifiable style
- emerged in reaction to WWI = they believed the war was nothing but a spectacle of homicide - they disdained convention and tradition - often had undertones of humour and whimsy (ie. Duchamp's moustache adaption of Mona Lisa) |
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Who was Jean Arp?
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- a Dada artist
- he relied on chance when creating his compositions; he would take sheets of roughly shaped paper and dropped them onto a sheet of paper on the floor and glued them where they fell |
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Who was Marchel Duchamp?
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- a Dada artist
- he exhibited "readymade" sculptures = mass produced common objects that he would modify (ie. Fountain (a urinal) |
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Who established the Museum of Modern Art in New York?
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- a group of female artists in 1929 to exhibit modernist art
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Who was Man Ray?
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- a Dada artist
- subverted the proper function readymade objects with a Dadaist humour (ie. he equipped a laundry iron with a row of spikes [Cadeau]) |
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Characteristics of Surrealism
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- Dadaists joined the Surrealist movement
- focused on the exploration of the inner world of the psyche, the realm of fantasy and unconscious - introduces unconscious image making |
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Define Naturalistic Surrealism
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- a line of Surrealism
- subject matter presents recognizable scenes that have metamorphosed into a dream or nightmare image |
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Define Biomorphic Surrealism
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- a line of Surrealism
- refers to the creation of art without conscious control (abstract compositions where imagery suggests natural forms) |
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Who was Giorgio De Chirico?
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- an Italian Surrealist painter
- known for creating Metaphysical Paintings = dreamlike works with sharp contrasts of light and shadow often had a vaguely threatening, mysterious quality |
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Who was Max Ernst?
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- originally a Dada activist in Germany
- he incorporated found objects and chance to his works, often combining fragments of images he had cut from old books, magazines and prints to form a hallucinatory collage - also made paintings that also held dreamlike qualities |
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Who was Salvador Dali?
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- a surrealist artist
- made dreamscape paintings with precise control striving to make the world in his paintings convincingly real |
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Who was Rene Magritte?
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- a Belgian surrealist painter
- attempted to wreak havoc on the viewer's reliance on the conscious and the rational (ie. he painted a pipe and below wrote "this is not a pipe" - The Treachery of Images) |
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Define 'De Stijl'
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- both a movement and magazine in 1917
- founded by Piet Mondrian & Theo Van Doesburg - based off the principle of creating balance between individual and universal values - used simple geometric elements in art |
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Define 'Neoplasticism'
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- a theory developed by Piet Mondrian
- belief that all great art has polar but coexistent goals: the attempt to create universal beauty and aesthetic expression of oneself |
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Who was Piet Mondrian?
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- surrealist painter
- developed neoplasticism and de stijl - to express neoplasticism he limited his vocabulary to the 3 primary colours, 3 primary values (black, white, gray), and the two primary directions (horizontal & vertical) |
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What is Bauhaus?
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- a school for artists, architects & designers in 1919 in Germany
- curriculum was developed by Walter Gropius |
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Characteristics of Bauhaus curriculum
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- positive attitude to the living environment of machinery
- avoiding all romantic embellishment and whimsy - restriction of basic forms and colours to what is typical and universally intelligible |
