Cytokines

Front 1

Main characteristics of cytokines

Back 1

Pleiotropy - one cytokine can act on many different cells in many ways - IL4 can act on B cells but also mast cells
Redundancy - more then one cytokine responsible for same function - B cell proliferation - IL2, IL4, IL5
Synergy - cytokines can work together on same thing - IL4 and IL5 together induce class switching
Antagonism -

Front 2

IL3, IL5 and GM CSF share what

Back 2

All have beta chain

Front 3

Mutation in gamma chain of IL2 lead to _

Back 3

SCID - severe combined immunodefficiency

Front 4

IFN alpha and beta are _ while IFN gamma _

Back 4

IFN alpha and beta are antiviral while IFN gamma activates macrophages to stimulate intracellular killing and inhibits TH2 cell response

Front 5

Describe clinical use of IFN

Back 5

- IFN alpha - viruses
- IFN beta - MS
- IFN gamma - not used for treatments

Front 6

Name pyrogenic cytokines

Back 6

IL1, IL6, TNF alpha

Front 7

TNF alpha is made by _
THF beta is made by _

Back 7

TNF alpha is made by macrophages, T cells and fibroblasts
TNF beta is made by activated T cells and B cells

Front 8

When TNF alpha binds what happens

Back 8

Either undergo apoptosis or activate transcription for signaling cascade

Front 9

Clinical use of TNF alpha inhibitors
Side effect

Back 9

- RA
- Crohns
- Psoriasis

Side effect - increased susceptibility to disease

Front 10

Both IL1 and IL6 do what

Back 10

- Stimulate hematopoiesis
- Induce liver to make acute phase proteins
- IL6 drives Ab production and can help with class switch to IgG
- Pyrogenic

Front 11

Clinical use of IL6 inhibitors

Back 11

Treatment of RA

Front 12

Describe IL2

Back 12

Made by T cells - TH1 cells
- Stimulates growth and differentiation of T cells, B cells and NK cells
- Autocrine regulation

Front 13

Clinical use of IL2 inhibitors

Back 13

- Toward alpha chain of IL2
- Used to increase success of transplants
- USed to treat leukemias and melanomas
- Against HTLV1 that causes cancer by increasing IL2

Front 14

IL4 and IL5

Back 14

- Made by TH2 cells
- Essential for class switching
- IL4 promotes switch to IgE, IgG, differentiation of TH2 from TH0 and inhibits IFN gamma production
- IL5 promotes switch to IgA, also promotes eosinophil development and differentiation

Front 15

Clinical use of IL4 inhibitors

Back 15

Used to treat serious allergies