Cv 3 Htn 1

Front 1

men have a higher prevalence of HTN than women until age

Back 1

45

Front 2

HTN is defined as the level of presure associated with ____ of long term CV risk

Back 2

doubling

Front 3

define normal, pre, HTN stage 1, stage 2

Back 3

<120 AND <80
120-140 OR 80-89
140-159 or 90-99
>160 or >100

Front 4

essential HTN accounts for __% of all HTN

Back 4

95
essential = primary

Front 5

BP =

Back 5

CO X SVR

Front 6

do younger people with HTN tend to have great CO or SVR?

Back 6

CO

Front 7

MAP =

Back 7

DMP + 1/2(SBP-DBP)

Front 8

SVR =

Back 8

MAP - CVP/CO

Front 9

pulse pressure =

Back 9

SPB = DBP

Front 10

ventricle spends more time in ___ than ____

Back 10

diastole than systole

Front 11

list some mechanisms of htn

Back 11

age
FH
tobaccogenetics
low education
low SES
obesity
sedentary lifestyle
stress
itrauterine growht retardation
diet-- sodium

Front 12

what does ACE do to brady

Back 12

breaks

Front 13

what are the major complications of HTN

Back 13

stroke
MI
heart failure
retinopathy

Front 14

what are the classes of antihypertensive drubs

Back 14

ACE inhibitor
ARBs
aldosterone antagonists
direct renin inhibitors
calcium channel antagonists
alpha/beta blockers
direct vasodilators
diuretics
central alpha2 agonists

Front 15

what antihypertenisves should you not use in women wanting babies

Back 15

ACEI
ARB
renin blockers

Front 16

ending in pril

Back 16

is ACE I

Front 17

drugs ending in sartan

Back 17

ARBs

Front 18

name a selective and non selective aldosterone blockers

Back 18

sprinolactone
eplerenone

Front 19

what are major side effects of aldosterone blockers

Back 19

sexual adverse effects

Front 20

aldosterone blockers are not first line treatment but are good for...

Back 20

resistant HTN and obese pt in combo with thiazide diuretic

Front 21

name K+ sparing diuretics

Back 21

amiloride
triamterene

Front 22

what are K+ sparing best with

Back 22

thiazide diuretics

Front 23

when should you NOT use K+ sparing diuretics

Back 23

gouty history-- GI side effects and kidney stones

Front 24

what might you use with cushings

Back 24

sprinolactone

Front 25

name the direct renin inhibitor

Back 25

aliskiren

Front 26

when should you avoid direct renin inhibitors

Back 26

renal impairment

in DM esp not in combo with ACEI and ARBS bc of renal risks

Front 27

name loop diuretics

Back 27

furosemide
torsemide

Front 28

name HCTZ meds

Back 28

metolazone

Front 29

where do loops work? HCTZ?

Back 29

thick ascending limb
DCT

Front 30

what might cause ototox

Back 30

loop

Front 31

____ is used in severe renal dysfunction but should be given with a loop

Back 31

metolazone

Front 32

NSAIDs can decrease action of ___ because of decreased PG synthesis

Back 32

loop

Front 33

initially diuretic therapy works because of _____ later a funtion of ____

Back 33

volume
resistance

Front 34

what are some thizide diuretic side effects

Back 34

electrolyte abnormalities
metabolic disorders
male impotence

Front 35

name a dihydropyridine (CCB)

Back 35

amlodpine

Front 36

name a CCB non-higydropyridines

Back 36

diltiazem
verapamil

Front 37

what is a side effect of diydropyridines

Back 37

reflex tachy

Front 38

what is a side effect of verapamil

Back 38

contsipation

Front 39

what is a major problem of CCB

Back 39

profound brady

Front 40

___ inhibit CYP3A4 and increase levels of common meds like statins, cyclosporines, and digoxin

Back 40

CCB

Front 41

what are targets of b1 2 and 3

Back 41

heart
myocardium, vascular, bronchial SM
fat

Front 42

what do non selective beta blockers block

Back 42

1 and 2

Front 43

what do selective beta blockers block

Back 43

b1 onl

Front 44

name non selective beta blockers

Back 44

carvedilol
propanolol

Front 45

name selective beta blockers

Back 45

atenolol
metoprolol

Front 46

which have longer half life: lipid soluble beta blockers or hydrophilic

Back 46

hydrophilic because metabolized by kidney

Front 47

how do beta blockers work

Back 47

inhibit effects of catecholamine

Front 48

do beta blockers with ISA work better or worse

Back 48

better
have slight partial agonist of beta adrenergic activation

Front 49

what is negative inotropic effect of b blocker

Back 49

dereased contracility

Front 50

what is negative chronotropic effet of b blocker

Back 50

decreased hr due to less atumaticity of SA node

Front 51

_____ and ____ have vasodilative properties that antagonize the alpha adrenergic receptor

Back 51

carvedilol
labetolol

Front 52

what are some beta blocker side effects

Back 52

bronchospasm fatigue
impotence
lipid abnormalities

Front 53

name a direct vasodilator

Back 53

minoxidil

Front 54

name a nitrate

Back 54

nitroglycerin

Front 55

name selective alpha adrenergic receptor blockers

Back 55

prazosin
doxazosin
terazosin

Front 56

name non selective alpha ad receptor blockers

Back 56

phenoxybnzamine

Front 57

name a cetnral sympatholtyics (alpha 2 agonist)

Back 57

metyldopa
clonidine

Front 58

give ____ with a diruetic and beta blocker to prevent pseudotolerance

Back 58

direct vasodilators

Front 59

metabolism of hydralazine is determined by what

Back 59

acetylation

Front 60

what can you give for emergency or pregnancy assoc HTN

Back 60

hydralazine (direct vasodilator)

Front 61

_____ is useful in pts with sever HTN and renal failure

Back 61

minoxidil (direct vasodilator)

Front 62

nitroglycerin releases NO by ____ which leads to vasodilation in SM

Back 62

cGMP

Front 63

selective alpha 1 antagonists block

Back 63

NE

Front 64

what are side effects of alpha blockers

Back 64

postural hypotension
reflex tachy

Front 65

_____ is often used for patients with preg induced HTN

Back 65

methyldopa

Front 66

____ work by reducing sympathetic outflow to the heart and blood vessels by acting on brainstem symp meural centers

Back 66

central sympatholytics
alpha 2 agonists