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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When __________ levels in the female body are low, it is difficult for the body to retain calcium.
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estrogen
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No more than __________ percent of calories should come from saturated fat in the diet of an older adult.
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10
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The _______ effect of food is the energy our body expends in processing our foods
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thermic
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What is the general term for a substance that causes birth defects?
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Teratogen
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_______ bone is sometimes referred to as spongy bone b/c to the naked eye it looks like a sponge.
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Trabecular
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_______ is an essential fatty acid important for eye, brain, and nervous system development.
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Docosahexaenoic acid
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__________ are added to table salt to prevent it from forming clumps.
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Desiccant
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_______ acid is a component os coenzymes that assists with the metabolism of fatty acids.
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Pantothenic
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Research has shown that production of the stress hormone _______ is higher in chronic dieters.
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cortisol
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A coenzyme involved in the formation of urea, a component of urine.
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Manganese
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A form of mental retardation in infants caused by an inadequate intake of iodine during pregnancy.
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Cretinism
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A high level of amino acid _____ increases the risk of heart disease.
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homocysteine
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_____ results from severe niacin deficiency & can develop as a result of chronic alcoholism.
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Pellagra
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Our bodies can make niacin from this amino acid.
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Tryptophan
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Ready-to-eat cereals & bread products were recently fortified with _____ to prevent birth defects in infants.
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folate
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The primary role of the B vitamins in energy metabolism is to act as ...
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coenzymes
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The vitamin-like substance _______ assists in homocysteine metabolism & the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
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choline
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How many calories are in 1 gram of fat?
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9
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How much energy does 10 grams of carbohydrate provide?
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40 calories
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If a man's waist circumference is greater than _____ inches, he is at an increased risk for developing chronic diseases.
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40 inches
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Children who watch more than _____ minutes of television per day are more likely to be overweight.
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120 minutes = 2 hours
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Adults who watch more than _____ hour(s) of television per day may gain a significant amount of body weight over time.
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3 hours
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Body Mass Index is the ratio of a person's body weight in kilograms to his/her _____.
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height in meters squared
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If a person is 100% or more above his/her normal weight, he/she is classified as __________.
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morbidly obese
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If a woman's waist circumference is greater than_____ inches, she is at an increased risk for chronic diseases.
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35 inches
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Individuals who want to gain weight need to consume @ least _____ calories more per day than what is required to maintain their weight.
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500-1000 calories per day
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Physical activity accounts for what percentage of total energy output per day?
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20% - 35%
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The basal metabolic rate accounts for what percentage of energy output?
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60% - 70%
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What percentage of our body fat level is influenced by genetics?
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25%
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Which of the following factors is known to decrease our need for food?
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a rise in the blood glucose level
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A nutrient that does not provide any calories.
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vitamins
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Which one of the following recommendations could be safely used to increase muscle mass?
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increased training
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An atypical action of an individual with bulimia nervosa is ...
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severely restricting foods on a regular basis
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This is not a gastrointestinal problem associated with anorexia nervosa.
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rapid peristalsis
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What is the most important factor in triggering the development of an eating disorder?
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Triggers are probably unique for wach person.
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Between 5-20% of people with anorexia nervosa will die from complications within how many years of initial diagnosis?
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10 years
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Depression, anxiety, & substance abuse are common in people with _______ disorder.
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binge-eating disorder
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Food borne infections with __________ are especially dangerous for pregnant women because they can lead to miscarriage or stillbirth.
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Listeria monocytogenes
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Many food-borne microbes are killed by _____ in the stomach?
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hydrochloric acid
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The __________ regulates organic farming standards.
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USDA
United States Department of Agriculture |
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The 1st commercially available genetically modified organism (GMO) was the ...
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tomato
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This process does not eliminate all microbes from the juice/dairy products; it doesn'ot alter the taste of the food either.
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Pasteurization
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Which causes the majority of food infections in the United States?
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Campylobacter jejuni
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A mold inhibitor
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proponic acid
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Which is added to fat-based foods to keep them from going rancid?
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vitamin E
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Which vitamin is added to some foods because people in the northern latitudes do not produce enough of it due to low sun exposure?
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vitamin D
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Organic farmers can use _____ for pest control if necessary.
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pesticides
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_____ not a common source of Shigella contamination
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Raw or rare ground beef
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_____ is an essential fatty acid important for eye, brain, & nervous system development.
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DHA
Docosahexaenoic |
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What is the general term for a substance that causes birth defects?
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Teratogen
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What is the term for the craving of non-food items such as dirt or clay?
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Pica
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__________ is the term used for the condition in which a happy, healthy infant displays relentless crying spells.
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Colic
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__________ is the thick, yellow substance first to be released from the breast and is rich in antibodies.
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Colostrum
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At around __ months of age, an infant's iron stores are depleted & supplemental iron is necessary.
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6 (six) months
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Breastfeeding women require an extra ____ calories per day.
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500 calories
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The recommended weight gain for a pregnant woman depends primarily on her __________.
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The woman's personal pre-pregnancy weight.
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Minimum amt. of this nutrient needed is 100 grams per day during pregnancy.
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carbohydrate
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Minimum amount os this nutrient needed is about 60 grams per day during pregnancy.
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protein
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The recommended percentage of calories from this nutrient does not change during pregnancy.
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fat
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The risk of deficiency in this nutrient is elevated in a pregnant woman who is vegan.
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vitamin B12
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_______ is the term used for the onset of menstruation.
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Menarche
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__________ servings from the milk group are recommended for young children between the ages of 2 and 8.
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2 (two) servings
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Adolescents require ___ mg of calcium a day.
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1,300
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Peak _______ mass is generally achieved in our 20s & starts to decline in our mid-to-late thirties.
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bone
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The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that children be active for at least __________ minutes each day.
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60 minutes = 1 hour
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Toddlers need a higher percent of __________ in their diets than adults.
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fat / fats / dietary fat
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Adequate Intake for preschoolers.
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800 mg
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Adequate Intake for toddlers.
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500 mg
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Adequate Intake for calcium for school-aged children.
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1300 mg
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Adequate Intake for calcium for adults.
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1000mg
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A period in life sometimes referred to as "the calm before the storm" during which physical growth is slow and steady.
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school-age
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A period in life during which food choices seem "erratic" and intake of dietary fat should be about 40% of total calories.
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toddler
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Increased need for B-12.
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lower levels of stomach acid
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Increased need for both the vitamins C & E.
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Increased Oxidative Stress
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All of the following are required to calculate an adolescent''s EER EXCEPT:
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metabolic weight
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All of the factors are components of toddler's Estimated Energy Requirements (EER) except:
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race
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All of the following nutrients have a DRI for children and adolescents EXCEPT:
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fat
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An overweight child is defined as having a BMI at or above what percentile?
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85th
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In which of the following circumstances should a supplement be considered for a toddler?
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Toddlers who are very picky eaters should be given supplements.
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It is estimated that about ___% of youth are overweight.
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15%
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Which of the following statements in respect to children skipping breakfast is FALSE?
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They are less likely to get enough calories in the day.
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Which of the following statements regarding diet and the older adult is FALSE?
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Older adults taking Coumadin should also take a vitamin E supplement.
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Which of the following statements regarding micronutrient intake in older adults is FALSE?
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Vitamin A requirements are higher for older adults than for adults.
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