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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. According to modern science, when did the Earth form?
a. 15 billion years ago b. 4.6 billion years ago c. 580 million years ago d. 9 billion years ago e. 6000 years ago |
B
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2. Give the order in which these events happened from the most recent to the oldest.
a. Formation of Earth, Formation of Moon, Formation of the Sun, Big Bang b. Formation of Moon, Formation of Earth, Formation of the Sun, Big Bang c. Formation of Moon, Big Bang, Formation of Earth, Formation of the Sun d. Formation of the Sun, Formation of Earth, Big Bang, Formation of Moon |
B
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3. The Ozone layer protects the Earth from:
a. Ultraviolet radiation b. Sun's magnetic field c. Comets d. Heating up e. Too much free Nitrogen |
A
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4. Which subatomic particles are always equal in neutral atoms?
a. Electrons and neutrons b. Electrons and protons c. Neutrons and protons d. Electrons, neutrinos e. None of these |
B
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5. Which components of an atom are arranged in various energy levels or shells?
a. Protons and neutrons b. Electrons and protons c. Neutrons d. Protons e. Electrons |
E
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6. Isotopes of the same element differ in the number of:
a. Electrons b. Neutrons c. Protons d. Electrons and protons e. Protons and neutrons |
B
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7. How do hydrophobic molecules react with water?
a. Attracted to water b. Absorbed by water c. Repelled by water d. Mixed with water e. Polarized by water |
C
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8. Carbon can form bonds with a maximum of how many other atoms?
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 e. 6 |
C
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9. Which biological (organic) molecules are the most abundant in nature?
a. Saccharides b. Salts and minerals c. Proteins d. Fats e. Sterols |
A
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10. Amino acids are the building blocks for:
a. Nucleic acids b. Lipids c. Steroids d. Proteins e. Carbohydrates |
D
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11. Cell membranes are characterized by the presence of:
a. Amino acids b. Phospholipids c. Nucleotides d. Steroid hormones e. Triglycerides |
B
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12. A molecule that binds to an enzyme, changes the enzyme's shape, and allows that
enzyme to function properly is called: a. Feedback inhibitor b. Allosteric inhibitor c. Feedback activator d. Substrate e. Allosteric activator |
E
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13. The molecules that make up the plasma (cell) membrane have:
a. A hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail b. A hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tail c. A hydrophobic head and two hydrophobic tails d. A hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails e. None of these |
D
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14. According to modern science, the oldest known fossils are __________ years old and
are most like modern __________. a. 15 billion, protists b. 4.6 billion, fungi c. 3.5 billion, cyanobacteria d. 6000, algae e. 9 billion, protists |
C
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15. Prokaryotic cells:
a. Have DNA in nucleoid regions b. Are one-celled c. Have cell walls d. Have ribosomes e. All of these are correct |
E
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16. Alcohols are detoxified in liver cells by:
a. Lysosomes b. Sarcoplasmic reticulum c. Golgi bodies d. Endoplasmic reticulum e. Peroxisomes |
E
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17. Life's main energy source is ______ that helps produce life's main energy-carrying molecule that is called _______.
a. ATP, sunlight b. Aerobic respiration, carbon c. Sunlight, ATP d. Enzyme, RNA e. Carbon, ATP |
C
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18. When a molecule gives up an electron it is __________. The molecule that accepts the electron is said to be _________.
a. Oxidized, reduced b. Dehydrated, hydrolyzed c. Phosphorylated, oxidized d. Reduced, oxidized e. Hydrolyzed, dehydrated |
A
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19. Which of the following affects the rate of diffusion through a semipermeable
membrane? a. Steepness of concentration gradient b. Temperature c. Size of solute molecule d. All of the above e. Answers a and c only |
D
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20. Movement of a molecule against a concentration gradient is called:
a. Simple diffusion b. Facilitated diffusion c. Osmosis d. Active transport e. Passive transport |
D
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21. Which of the following processes requires ATP energy?
a. Simple diffusion b. Facilitated diffusion c. Osmosis d. Active transport e. Passive transport |
D
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22. Which of the following is NOT something an 'excited' electron can do?
a. Drop to a lower energy shell and give off the energy as heat b. Act as the final electron acceptor c. Be 'captured' and moved to a more stable molecule d. Drop to a lower energy shell and give off a photon of fluorescent light e. All of the above are correct |
B
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23. Shorter wavelengths of light have more energy than longer wavelengths of light.
a. True b. False |
A
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24. Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the H+ ion concentration
gradient in the Thylakoid lumen? a. Oxidation of H2O to restore P680+ to P680 releases H+ ions into the lumen b. H+ ions are used in the stroma to build NADPH c. Cytochrome complex pumps H+ ions into the lumen d. Photosystem II pumps H+ ions after receiving electrons e. All of the above are factors. |
D
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25. What is the final electron acceptor in the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a. NADP+ b. FAD c. ATP d. ADP e. Cytochrome complex |
A
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26. These organisms use oxygen as their final electron acceptor.
a. Anaerobic b. Aerobic c. Exergonic d. Organic e. Endergonic |
B
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27. Aerobic respiration produces ____ ATP molecules, while fermentation produces
_____ molecules of ATP. a. 2, 36 b. 36, 2 c. 50, 10 d. 10, 50 e. 5, 36 |
B
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28. Where is Carbon Dioxide produced during Aerobic Respiration?
a. Glycolysis b. Krebs cycle e c. Oxidative phosphorylation d. Dark reactions . Calvin-Benson cycle |
B
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29. What is the final electron acceptor in Aerobic Respiration?
a. Carbon b. Sulfur c. FADH2 d. NADPH e. Oxygen |
E
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30. H2O is produced during Aerobic Respiration and can be used by desert animals as a
water source. a. True b. False |
A
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1. The natural pacemaker of the heart is located in the:
a. Left atrium b. Sinoatrial node c. Left ventricle d. Atrioventricular node e. Atrioventricular valve |
B
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2. In a closed circulatory system, blood flows from the heart to the arteries, to the
____________, to the capillaries, to the venules, to the ____________, and finally back to the heart. a. Lungs, systemic circulation b. Head, feet c. Arterioles, veins d. Vena Cava, aortic semi-lunar valve e. Thymus, spleen |
C
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3. If you had hypertension and frequent headaches, you would want a drug that does which of the following:
a. Vasoconstriction b. Vasodilation c. Increase systolic pressure d. Increase thrombus e. Increase diastolic pressure |
B
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4. In fish gills, blood and water flow in opposite directions. What is this called?
a. Countercurrent exchange b. Ventilation c. Aestivation d. Intrapleural pressure e. None of these |
A
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5. The group of animals with the most efficient respiratory system is:
a. Amphibians b. Reptiles c. Mammals d. Sea slugs e. Birds |
E
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6. Emphysema results from a loss of elasticity in the lung tissue called ___________ where gas exchange takes place:
a. Bronchi b. Alveoli c. Bronchioles d. Tracheal tubes e. Epiglottis |
B
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7. The pancreas produces two hormones. One that triggers liver and fat cells to store glucose; it is called ______________. A second hormone tells liver and fat cells to release glycogen; it is called_______________.
a. Insulin, TSH b. Glucagon, glycogen c. Insulin, glycogen d. Insulin, glucagons e. ACTH, TSH |
D
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8. A hormone molecule with this/these characteristics can pass through a cell membrane without the aid of a transport protein.
a. Polar b. Hydrophobic c. Nonpolar d. Answers a and b e. Answers b and c |
E
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9. Which gland regulates circadian rhythms and what is the name of the hormone it produces?
a. Pituitary, ADH b. Pituitary, melatonin c. Pineal, melatonin d. Pineal, thyroxine e. Thymus, glucagon |
C
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10. Kwashiorkor is a form of malnutrition that results from a lack of __________ .
a. Carbohydrates b. Triglycerides c. Protein d. Fats e. Fiber |
C
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11. How does the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats differ?
a. Proteins and fats are metabolized without oxidative phosphorylation b. Proteins and fats can enter aerobic respiration after glycolysis c. Carbohydrates and fats can bypass kreb's cycle d. Carbohydrates provide twice as much energy as fats or proteins e. Proteins and fats can enter aerobic respiration after kreb's cycle |
B
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12. All of the following are good reasons to eat fiber (soluble and insoluble) except:
a. Helps remove extra cholesterol from the blood b. Helps functioning of immune system cells c. Helps stabilize blood glucose levels d. Promotes fast movement of materials through intestines e. All of the above are good reasons |
E
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13. Which soil bacterium makes ammonia from nitrogen gas in the air?
a. Rhizobium b. Clostridium c. Mycorrhizae d. Methanogen e. Yersinia |
A
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14. Which of the following Archaeans are strict anaerobes (ie. oxygen kills them)?
a. Methanogens b. Thermophiles c. Halophiles d. a and b e. b and c |
D
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15. Which of the following terms refer to Bacteria taking up DNA directly from the
environment. a. Transformation b. Transduction c. Translocation d. Conjugation e. Binary fission |
A
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16. We discussed a fungus that helps plants absorb ammonia and other nutrients from the soil. What do we call the relationship between the fungus and the plant?
a. Rhizobium b. Clostridium c. Mycorrhizae d. Methanogen e. Yersinia |
C
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17. What structural protein is found in Microsporidians, Fungi, and Arthropod
exoskeletons? a. Keratin b. Peptidoglycan c. Cellulose d. Chitin e. None of the above |
D
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18. What structure do fungi use to invade and parasitize living cells?
a. Asci b. Mycorrhizae c. Haustoria d. Zygosporangium e. Basidiocarp |
C
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19. The cells of multicellular organisms contain surface proteins that help distinguish cells as 'self' or 'non-self'. What are these proteins called?
a. Antibodies b. MHC c. Histamines d. Dopamine e. Lysozyme |
B
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20. Cells of the immune system work better at a temperature that is slightly higher than normal body temperature.
a. True b. False |
A
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21. Which of the following is an autoimmune disorder in which T cells attack the Myelin Sheath around nerve cells?
a. Mononucleosis b. Multiple sclerosis c. Cystic fibrosis d. Tay-Sachs disease e. Muscular dystrophy |
B
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22. We talked about two different types of bone cells. ____________ cells secrete acids that constantly remove bone, while ____________ cells constantly rebuild bone.
a. Osteoclast, osteoblast b. Osteoblast, osteoclast c. Actin, Myosin d. Myosin, Actin e. Red marrow, yellow marrow |
A
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23. Chicken legs have predominantly __________ muscle fibers, while chicken breast (flight muscles) have predominantly _____________ muscle fibers.
a. Fast-twitch, slow-twitch b. Slow-twitch, fast twitch c. Slow-twitch, no-twitch d. Actin, myosin e. Myosin, Actin |
B
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24. What type of muscle has electrical connections between the cells?
a. Skeletal b. Smooth c. Cardiac d. Both a and c e. Both b and c |
E
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25. Which part of the brain coordinates information about the muscles, balance, and position of the body in space?
a. Brainstem b. Cerebrum c. Cerebellum d. Diencephalon e. Hippocampus |
C
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26. Which of the following structures conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body?
a. Dendrite b. Axon c. Synapse d. Myelin sheath e. Hippocampus |
B
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27. What ion is most directly responsible for creating the action potential?
a. Na+ b. Ca2+ c. H+ d. K+ e. O2- |
A
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28. Which of the following terms describes a sharp metabolic slowdown that occurs only during the night.
a. Aestivation b. Hibernation c. Torpor d. Acclimation e. Sensitization |
C
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29. Which of the following waste compounds is the most energetically expensive for organisms to make, but is also the least toxic.
a. K+ b. Urea c. Uric Acid d. Ammonia e. Proteins |
C
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30. Which of the following in not a function of the kidney?
a. Regulate water balance b. Regulate salt balance c. Regulate body temperature d. Regulate red blood cell production e. Produce urine |
C
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1. Every cell in your body is _________ , whereas your gametes are __________
a. Heterozygous, homozygous b. Haploid, diploid c. Homozygous, Heterozygous d. Dominant, recessive e. Diploid, haploid |
E
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4. When one gene has multiple phenotypic effects it is called:
a. Epistasis b. Barr syndrome c. Sex-linkage d. Pleiotropy e. Polygenic |
D
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5. Before DNA polymerase can add new bases to the growing nucleotide chain, what is needed?
a. Chromatin b. RNA Primer c. Okazaki fragments d. Uracil e. Deoxyribose sugar |
B
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6. DNA is first wrapped around special __________ proteins, that are coiled together to form ____________.
a. Chromatin. histone b. Histone, chromatin c. Okazaki, chromatin d. Nucleosome, histone e. Histone, nucleosome |
E
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7. Discontinuous replication on the 3' - 5' DNA strand occurs by means of what
fragments? a. Okazaki b. Histone c. Uracil d. Phosphorus e. Thymine |
A
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8. What are the base pairing rules in DNA?
a. A = G, C = T b. A = T, G = C c. A = C, G = T d. A = A, T = T e. G = A, T, C = C |
B
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9. What do Positive regulatory proteins have that negative regulatory proteins do not?
a. Two start codons b. A shape that matches the replication enzyme c. A shape that does not match the replication enzyme d. A promoter built into the protein e. Exons |
B
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10. A piece of DNA that can copy itself and/or move to another part of the chromosome is called:
a. Promoter b. Exon c. Transposon d. Primer e. Expressed sequences |
C
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11. Which of the following does NOT happen during Prophase of Mitosis?
a. DNA condenses b. Nuclear membrane disappears c. Microtubules attach to kinetochores d. Sister chromatids separate e. Centrioles move to opposite sides of cell |
D
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12. During Mitosis, ___________ microtubules shorten and bring chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell, while _____________ microtubules lengthen and help push the cell apart from the inside.
a. Kinetochore, polar b. Kinetochore, centriole e c. Polar, centriole d. Polar, kinetochore e. Centriole, centromere |
A
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13. Which of the following does NOT happen during Telophase of Mitosis?
a. Cytokinesis b. DNA uncoils c. Nuclear membrane reforms d. Contractile ring forms e. All of the above happen |
E
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14. Which of the following statements about Meiosis is NOT true?
a. Four daughter cells are produced b. The daughter cells are diploid c. During Meiosis 2 sister chromatids separate d. Recombination occurs e. There is DNA replication |
B
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15. Which of the following cancer treatments has the greatest risk for damaging healthy cells in addition to cancer cells?
a. Chemotherapy b. Radiation c. Immune system d. Surgery e. None of these |
B
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16. Only one mutation has to occur for most cancers to get started.
a. True b. False |
B
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17. Which term describes when a cancer spreads to other parts of the body?
a. Cyclogenesis b. Oncogenesis c. Benign d. Metastasis e. Apoptosis |
D
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18. During development, the spaces between your fingers are formed by what process?
a. Metastasis b. Apoptosis c. Oncogenesis d. Acrosomal division e. Regeneration |
B
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19. All of the following are processes that produce genetic variation except:
a. Recombination b. Mutation c. Segregation of alleles d. Independent assortment e. Mitosis |
E
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20. Human females have all of their eggs in their ovaries by the time they are born?
a. True b. False |
A
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21. Where does fertilization occur?
a. Ovary b. Fallopian tube c. Vagina d. Cervix e. Placenta |
B
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22. __________ is the name for a fertilized egg. That egg is ___________.
a. Zygote, haploid b. Zygote, triploid c. Zygote, diploid d. Gamete, haploid e. Gamete, diploid |
C
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23. Which germ (tissue) layer gives rise to the skin and central nervous system?
a. Endoderm b. Ectoderm c. Mesoderm |
B
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24. How do embryos grow?
a. Mitosis b. Meiosis |
A
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25. Which germ (tissue) layer gives rise to the skeleton, muscles, and reproductive organs?
a. Endoderm b. Ectoderm c. Mesoderm |
C
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26. In Deuterostomes, the blastopore becomes the:
a. Mouth b. Anus c. Nerve cord d. Skin e. Eyes |
B
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29. Why does a Calico cat have a mosaic coat color?
a. Because of recombination b. Because of X chromosome inactivation c. Because of mutations in the tyrosine pathway d. Because of an extra copy of chromosome 15 e. None of these are correct |
B
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30. What is the name of the enzyme that unzips the double-stranded DNA molecule before replication?
a. Primase b. ATP synthase c. Helicase d. Tyrosinase e. Catalase |
C
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